In quantum physics, the operators associated with the position and the momentum of a particle are unbounded operators and $C^*$-algebraic quantisation does therefore not deal with such operators. In the present article, I propose a quantisation of the Lie-Poisson structure of the dual of a Lie algebroid which deals with a big enough class of functions to include the above mentioned example. As an application, I show with an example how the quantisation of the dual of the Lie algebroid associated to a Poisson manifold can lead to a quantisation of the Poisson manifold itself. The example I consider is the torus with constant Poisson structure, in which case I recover its usual $C^*$-algebraic quantisation.
\begin{abstract} By following the paradigm of the global quantisation, instead of the analysis under changes of coordinates, in this work we establish a global analysis for the explicit computation of the Dixmier trace and the Wodzicki residue of (elliptic and subelliptic) pseudo-differential operators on compact Lie groups. The regularised determinant for the Dixmier trace is also computed. We obtain these formulae in terms of the global symbol of the corresponding operators. In particular, our approach links the Dixmier trace and Wodzicki residue to the representation theory of the group. Al…
We show how to reduce, under certain regularities conditions, a Poisson-Nijenhuis Lie algebroid to a symplectic-Nijenhuis Lie algebroid with nondegenerate Nijenhuis tensor. We generalize the work done by Magri and Morosi for the reduction of Poisson-Nijenhuis manifolds. The choice of the more general framework of Lie algebroids is motivated by the geometrical study of some reduced bi-Hamiltonian systems. An explicit example of reduction of a Poisson-Nijenhuis Lie algebroid is also provided.
We provide an alternative method for obtaining of compatible Poisson structures on Lie groups by means of the adjoint representations of Lie algebras. In this way, we calculate some compatible Poisson structures on four dimensional and nilpotent six dimensional symplectic real Lie groups. Then using Magri-Morosi's theorem we obtain new bi-Hamiltonian systems with four dimensional and nilpotent six dimensional symplectic real Lie groups as phase spaces.
We introduce and study a class of Lie algebroids associated to faithful modules which is motivated by the notion of cotangent Lie algebroids of Poisson manifolds. We also give a classification of transitive Lie algebroids and describe Poisson algebras by using the notions of algebroid and Lie connections.
In this letter, first we give a decomposition for any Lie-Poisson structure $π_g$ associated to the modular vector. In particular, $π_g$ splits into two compatible Lie-Poisson structures if $dim{g} \leq 3$. As an application, we classified quadratic deformations of Lie-Poisson structures on $\mathbb R^3$ up to linear diffeomorphisms.
We briefly review our results on the Lie theory underlying vector bundles over Lie groupoids and Lie algebroids, pointing out the role of Poisson geometry in extending these results to double Lie algebroids and LA-groupoids.
In this paper, we introduce right-invariant (similarly, left-invariant) Poisson-Nijenhuis Structures on Lie groupoids and their infinitesimal counterparts as called $(Λ, \mathbf{n})-$structures. We present a mutual correspondence between $(Λ,\mathbf{n})-$structures on Lie algebroids with Poisson-Nijenhuis structures $(Π, \mathbf{N})$ on their Lie groupoids under some conditions. Also, we will construct Poisson-Nijenhuis pair groupoids as an example from the invariance's point of view.
A Poisson-Lie group acting by the coadjoint action on the dual of its Lie algebra induces on it a non-trivial class of quadratic Poisson structures extending the linear Poisson bracket on the coadjoint orbits.
We show how to extend the construction of Tulczyjew triples to Lie algebroids via graded manifolds. We also provide a generalisation of triangular Lie bialgebroids as higher Poisson and Schouten structures on Lie algebroids.
The modular vector field of a Poisson-Nijenhuis Lie algebroid $A$ is defined and we prove that, in case of non-degeneracy, this vector field defines a hierarchy of bi-Hamiltonian $A$-vector fields. This hierarchy covers an integrable hierarchy on the base manifold, which may not have a Poisson-Nijenhuis structure.
We investigate some infinite dimensional Lie algebras and their associated Poisson structures which arise from a Lie group action on a manifold. If $G$ is a Lie group, $\g$ its Lie algebra and $M$ is a manifold on which $G$ acts, then the set of smooth maps from $M$ to $\g$ has at least two Lie algebra structures, both satisfying the required property to be a Lie algebroid. We may then apply a {construction} by Marle to obtain a Poisson bracket on the set of smooth real or complex valued functions on $M\times \g^*$. In this paper, we investigate these Poisson brackets. We show that the set of …
In this paper, we discuss several relations between the existence of invariant volume forms for Hamiltonian systems on Poisson-Lie groups and the unimodularity of the Poisson-Lie structure. In particular, we prove that Hamiltonian vector fields on a Lie group endowed with a unimodular Poisson-Lie structure preserve a multiple of any left-invariant volume on the group. Conversely, we also prove that if there exists a Hamiltonian function such that the identity element of the Lie group is a nondegenerate singularity and the associated Hamiltonian vector field preserves a volume form, then the Po…
A compact semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ induces a Poisson structure $π$ on the unit sphere $S$ in $\mathfrak{g}^*$. We compute the moduli space of Poisson structures on $S$ around $π$. This is the first explicit computation of a Poisson moduli space in dimension greater or equal than three around a degenerate (i.e. not symplectic) Poisson structure.
A Riemann-Lie algebra is a Lie algebra $\cal G$ such that its dual ${\cal G}^*$ carries a Riemannian metric compatible (in the sense introduced by th author in C. R. Acad. Paris, t. 333, Série I, (2001) 763-768) with the canonical linear Poisson sructure of ${\cal G}^*$. The notion of Riemann-Lie algebra has its origins in the study, by the author, of Riemann-Poisson manifolds (see Preprint math.DG/0206102 to appear in Differential Geometry and its Applications). In this paper, we show that, for a Lie group $G$, its Lie algebra $\cal G$ carries a structure of Riemann-Lie algebra iff $G$ carrie…
For a particular class of backgrounds, equations of motion for string sigma models targeted in mutually dual Poisson-Lie groups are equivalent. This phenomenon is called the Poisson-Lie T-duality. On the level of the corresponding string effective actions, the situation becomes more complicated due to the presence of the dilaton field. A novel approach to this problem using Levi-Civita connections on Courant algebroids is presented. After the introduction of necessary geometrical tools, formulas for the Poisson-Lie T-dual dilaton fields are derived. This provides a version of Poisson-Lie T-dua…
By considering suitable Poisson groupoids, we develop an approach to obtain Lie group structures on (subgroups of) the Poisson diffeomorphism groups of various classes of Poisson manifolds. As applications, we show that the Poisson diffeomorphism groups of (normal-crossing) log-symplectic, elliptic symplectic, scattering-symplectic and cosymplectic manifolds are regular infinite-dimensional Lie groups.
We study holomorphic Poisson manifolds and holomorphic Lie algebroids from the viewpoint of real Poisson geometry. We give a characterization of holomorphic Poisson structures in terms of the Poisson Nijenhuis structures of Magri-Morosi and describe a double complex which computes the holomorphic Poisson cohomology. A holomorphic Lie algebroid structure on a vector bundle $A\to X$ is shown to be equivalent to a matched pair of complex Lie algebroids $(T^{0,1}X,A^{1,0})$, in the sense of Lu. The holomorphic Lie algebroid cohomology of $A$ is isomorphic to the cohomology of the elliptic Lie alge…
Symplectic manifolds which are homogeneous spaces of Poisson-Lie groups are studied in this paper. We show that these spaces are, under certain assumptions, covering spaces of dressing orbits of the Poisson-Lie groups which act on them. The effect of the Poisson induction procedure on such spaces is also examined, thus leading to an interesting generalization of the notion of homogeneous space. Some examples of homogeneous spaces of Poisson-Lie groups are discussed in the light of the previous results.
A Riemann-Poisson Lie group is a Lie group endowed with a left invariant Riemannian metric and a left invariant Poisson tensor which are compatible in the sense introduced in C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris sér. {\bf I 333} (2001) 763-768. We study these Lie groups and we give a characterization of their Lie algebras. We give also a way of building these Lie algebras and we give the list of such Lie algebras up to dimension 5.
The notion of Poisson manifold with compatible pseudo-metric was introduced by the author in [1]. In this paper, we introduce a new class of Lie algebras which we call a pseudo-Rieamannian Lie algebras. The two notions are strongly related: we prove that a linear Poisson structure on the dual of a Lie algebra has a compatible pseudo-metric if and only if the Lie algebra is a pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebra, and that the Lie algebra obtained by linearizing at a point a Poisson manifold with compatible pseudo-metric is a pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebra. Furthermore, we give some properties of the sy…
We study the stability of singular points for smooth Poisson structures as well as general Lie algebroids. We give sufficient conditions for stability lying on the first (not necessarily linear) approximation of the given Poisson structure or Lie algebroid at a singular point. The main tools used here are the classical Lichnerowicz-Poisson cohomology and the deformation cohomology for Lie algebroids recently introduced by Crainic and Moerdijk. We also provide several examples of stable singular points of order $k \geq 1$ for Poisson structures and Lie algebroids. Finally, we apply our results …
We construct families of functions in involution for transverse Poisson structures at nilpotent elements of Lie-Poisson structures on simple Lie algebras by using the argument shift method. Examples show that these families contain completely integrable systems that consist of polynomial functions. We provide a uniform construction of these integrable systems for an infinite family of distinguished nilpotent elements of semisimple type.
We propose a definition of Poisson quasi-Nijenhuis Lie algebroids as a natural generalization of Poisson quasi-Nijenhuis manifolds and show that any such Lie algebroid has an associated quasi-Lie bialgebroid. Therefore, also an associated Courant algebroid is obtained. We introduce the notion of a morphism of quasi-Lie bialgebroids and of the induced Courant algebroids morphism and provide some examples of Courant algebroid morphisms. Finally, we use paired operators to deform doubles of Lie and quasi-Lie bialgebroids and find an application to generalized complex geometry.
We establish a 1:1 correspondence between Poisson-Lie group actions on integrable Poisson manifolds and twisted multiplicative hamiltonian actions on source 1-connected symplectic groupoids. For an action of a Poisson-Lie group $G$ on a Poisson manifold $M$, we find an explicit description of the lifted hamiltonian action on the symplectic groupoid $Σ(M)$. We give applications of these results to the integration of Poisson quotients $M/G$, Lu-Weinstein quotients $μ^{-1}(e)/G$ and Poisson homogeneous spaces $G/H$.
We introduce and study some mixed product Poisson structures on product manifolds associated to Poisson Lie groups and Lie bialgebras. For quasitriangular Lie bialgebras, our construction is equivalent to that of fusion products of quasi-Poisson G-manifolds introduced by Alekseev, Kosmann- Schwarzbach, and Meinrenken. Our primary examples include four series of holomorphic Poisson structures on products of flag varieties and related spaces of complex semi-simple Lie groups.
We identify the cotangent bundle Lie algebroid of a Poisson homogeneous space G/H of a Poisson Lie group G as a quotient of a transformation Lie algebroid over G. As applications, we describe the modular vector fields of G/H, and we identify the Poisson cohomology of G/H with coefficients in powers of its canonical line bundle with relative Lie algebra cohomology of the Drinfeld Lie algebra associated to G/H. We also construct a Poisson groupoid over G/H which is symplectic near the identity section. This note serves as preparation for forthcoming papers, in which we will compute explicitly th…
In this paper, we develop the theory of Hom-Lie algebroids, Hom-Lie bialgebroids and Hom-Courant algebroids introduced by Cai, Liu and Sheng. Specifically, we introduce the notions of Hom-Poisson, Hom-Nijenhuis and Hom-Poisson-Nijenhuis structures on a Hom-Lie algebroid and the notion of Hom-Dirac structures on a Hom-Courant algebroid. We show that these structures satisfy similar properties to structures non "Hom-"version. For example, there exists the hierarchy of a Hom-Poisson-Nijenhuis structure and we have a relation between Hom-Dirac structures and Maurer-Cartan type equation. Moreover w…
We construct a Poisson isomorphism between the formal Poisson manifolds g^* and G^*, where g is a finite dimensional quasitriangular Lie bialgebra. Here g^* is equipped with its Lie-Poisson (or Kostant-Kirillov-Souriau) structure, and G^* with its Poisson-Lie structure. We also quantize Poisson-Lie dynamical r-matrices of Balog-Feher-Palla.
We show that for any coboundary Poisson Lie group G, the Poisson structure on G^* is linearizable at the group unit. This strengthens a result of Enriquez-Etingof-Marshall, who had established formal linearizability of G^* for quasi-triangular Poisson Lie groups G. We also prove linearizability properties for the group multiplication in G^* and for Poisson Lie group morphisms, with similar assumptions.
Poisson sigma models represent an interesting use of Poisson manifolds for the construction of a classical field theory. Their definition in the language of fibre bundles is shown and the corresponding field equations are derived using a coordinate independent variational principle. The elegant form of equations of motion for so called Poisson-Lie groups is derived. Construction of the Poisson-Lie group corresponding to a given Lie bialgebra is widely known only for coboundary Lie bialgebras. Using the adjoint representation of Lie group and Drinfel'd double we show that Poisson-Lie group can …
Let $(G,Π_{G},\tilde{g})$ be a Poisson-Lie group equipped with a left invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric $\tilde{g}$ and let $(TG,Π_{TG},\tilde{g}^{c})$ be the Sanchez de Alvarez tangent Poisson-Lie group of $G$ equipped with the left invariant pseudo-Riemannian metric $\tilde{g}^{c}$, complete lift of $\tilde{g}$. In this paper, we express respectively the Levi-Civita connection, curvature and metacurvature of $(TG,Π_{TG},\tilde{g}^{c})$ in terms of the Levi-Civita connection, curvature and metacurvature of the basis Poisson-Lie group $(G,Π_{G},\tilde{g})$ and we prove that the space of diffe…
The notions of \emph{Poisson Lie group} and \emph{Poisson homogeneous space} are extended to the Dirac category. The theorem of Drinfel$'$d (\cite{Drinfeld93}) on the one-to-one correspondence between Poisson homogeneous spaces of a Poisson Lie group and a special class of Lagrangian subalgebras of the Lie bialgebra associated to the Poisson Lie group is proved to hold in this more general setting.
The purpose of this work is to study Lie superalgebroid structures on the space of superdifferential $1$-forms over the supermanifolds whose superfunctions are the differential forms on its underlying manifold. These superalgbroids are constructed from graded Poisson structures defined on the latter superalgebra.
Let $G$ be a complex reductive connected algebraic group equipped with the Sklyanin bracket. A classification of Poisson homogeneous $G$-spaces with connected isotropy subgroups is given. This result is based on Drinfeld's correspondence between Poisson homogeneous $G$-spaces and Lagrangian subalgebras in the double $D(g)$ (here $g = Lie G$). A geometric interpretation of some of Poisson homogeneous $G$-spaces is also proposed.
We use a generalized Ricci tensor, defined for generalized metrics in Courant algebroids, to show that Poisson-Lie T-duality is compatible with the 1-loop renormalization group.
Groupoids are mathematical structures able to describe symmetry properties more general than those described by groups. They were introduced (and named) by H. Brandt in 1926. Around 1950, Charles Ehresmann used groupoids with additional structures (topological and differentiable) as essential tools in topology and differential geometry. In recent years, Mickael Karasev, Alan Weinstein and Stanisław Zakrzewski independently discovered that symplectic groupoids can be used for the construction of noncommutative deformations of the algebra of smooth functions on a manifold, with potential applica…
Lie bialgebra structures are reviewed and investigated in terms of the double Lie algebra, of Manin- and Gauß-decompositions. The standard R-matrix in a Manin decomposition then gives rise to several Poisson structures on the correponding double group, which is investigated in great detail.
The aim of this paper is to present the stochastic Poisson equations associated to Lie algebroids. The stochastic Poisson equations associated to a refinement of a concrete principal bundle are determined.
Using the basic Lie symmetry method, we find the most general Lie point symmetries group of the $\nabla u=f(u)$ Poisson's equation, which has a subalgebra isomorphic to the $3-$dimensional special Euclidean group ${\rm SE}(3)$ or group of rigid motions of ${\Bbb R}^3$. Looking the adjoint representation of ${\rm SE}(3)$ on its Lie algebra $\goth{se}(3)$, we will find the complete optimal system of its subalgebras. This latter provides some properties of solutions for the Poisson's equation.
This work is motivated by a result of Drinfeld on Poisson homogeneous spaces. For each Poisson manifold $P$ with a Poisson action by a Poisson Lie group $G$, we describe a Lie algebroid structure on the direct sum vector bundle $P \times {\frak g} \oplus T^*P$, where ${\frak g}$ is the Lie algebra of $G$. It is built out of the transformation Lie algebroid $P \times {\frak g}$ and the cotangent bundle Lie algebroid $T^*P$ together with a pair of representations of them on each other. When the action of $G$ on $P$ is transitive, the kernel of the anchor map of this Lie algebroid gives a Lie alg…
Let $G_¶$ be a compact simple Poisson-Lie group equipped with a Poisson structure $¶$ and $(M, ø)$ be a symplectic manifold. Assume that $M$ carries a Poisson action of $G_¶$ and there is an equivariant moment map in the sense of Lu and Weinstein which acts to the dual Poisson-Lie group $G^*_¶$, $\m: M\rightarrow G^*_¶$. We prove that $M$ always possesses another symplectic form $\to$ so that the $G$-action preserves $\tildeø$ and there is a new moment map $μ= e^{-1} \circ \m: M\rightarrow \g^*$. Here $e$ is a universal (independent of $M$) invertible equivariant map $e: \g^*\rightarrow G^*_¶$…
