This article concerns properties of mixed $\ell$-adic complexes on varieties over finite fields, related to the action of the Frobenius automorphism. We establish a fiberwise criterion for the semisimplicity and Frobenius semisimplicity of the direct image complex under a proper morphism of varieties over a finite field. We conjecture that the direct image of the intersection complex on the domain is always semisimple and Frobenius semisimple; this conjecture would imply that a strong form of the decomposition theorem of Beilinson-Bernstein-Deligne-Gabber is valid over finite fields. We prove our conjecture for (generalized) convolution morphisms associated with partial affine flag varieties for split connected reductive groups over finite fields, and we prove allied Frobenius semisimplicity results for the intersection cohomology groups of twisted products of Schubert varieties. We offer two proofs for these results: one is based on the paving by affine spaces of the fibers of certain convolution morphisms, the other involves a new schematic theory of "big cells" adapted to partial affine flag varieties, and combines Deligne's theory of weights with a suitable contracting $\mathbb G_m$-action on those big cells. Both proofs rely on our general result that the intersection complex of the image of a proper map of varieties over a finite field is a direct summand of the direct image of the intersection complex of the domain. With suitable reformulations, the main results are valid over any algebraically closed ground field.
A fundamental result of Beilinson-Ginzburg-Soergel states that on flag varieties and related spaces, a certain modified version of the category of l-adic perverse sheaves exhibits a phenomenon known as Koszul duality. The modification essentially consists of discarding objects whose stalks carry a nonsemisimple action of Frobenius. In this paper, we prove that a number of common sheaf functors (various pull-backs and push-forwards) induce corresponding functors on the modified category or its triangulated analogue. In particular, we show that these functors preserve semisimplicity of the Frobe…
In this paper we describe the action of the Frobenius morphism on the indecomposable vector bundles on cycles of projective lines. This gives an answer on a question of Paul Monsky, which appeared in his study of the Hilbert--Kunz theory for plane cubic curves.
We compute decomposition of Frobenius push-forwards of line bundles on quadrics into a direct sum of line bundles and spinor bundles. As an application we show when the Frobenius push-forward gives a tilting bundle and we apply it to study D-modules on quadrics.
We show how to construct tilting bundles for a class of smooth projective varieties using characteristic $p$ methods. Given such a variety $X$, reduce it modulo a prime number and consider the direct image of the structure sheaf under the Frobenius morphism. We prove that under suitable restrictions on the characteristic, these direct images are tilting bundles for some toric Fano varieties, Del Pezzo surfaces, and flag varieties $G/B$ of type $A_2$ and $B_2$.
The geometric Frobenius morphism on smooth varieties is an fppf-fiber bundle. We study representations of the structure group scheme. In particular, we describe irreducible representations and compute its Grothendieck ring of finite dimensional representations.
In this paper, which is the sequel to arXiv:1410.3742, we study the Frobenius pushforward of the structure sheaf on the adjoint varieties in type ${\bf A}_3$ and ${\bf A}_4$. We show that this pushforward sheaf decomposes into a direct sum of indecomposable bundles and explicitly determine this set that does not depend of the characteristic. In accordance with the results of arXiv:0707.0913, this set forms a strong full exceptional collection in the derived category of coherent sheaves. These computations lead to a natural conjectural answer in the general case that we state at the end.
We show that the logarithm $\log_q$ of the Frobenius morphism $x\to x^q$ is given by the formula $x\to x\log x$ (the natural logarithm). In particular, it does not depend on $q$. This is the explicit (although heuristical) formula for the operator conjectured by Hilbert whose eigenvalues coincide with the zeroes of the zeta function.
In a work of Costa and Miró-Roig state the following conjecture: Every smooth complete toric Fano variety has a full strongly exceptional collection of line bundles. The goal of this article is to prove it for toric Fano 3-folds.
Let X be a smooth projective curve of genus $g\geq 2$ defined over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic $p>0$ and let $F:X\rightarrow X_{1}$ be the relative k-linear Frobenius map. We prove (Theorem 1.1) E is a stable bundle on $X_{1}$ with $I(E)= (p-1)(2g-2)$ if and only if E is the direct image of some stable bundle W on $X$.
We investigate the $W_2(k)$-liftability of singular schemes. We prove constructibility of the locus of $W_2(k)$-liftable schemes in a flat family $X \to S$. Moreover, we construct an explicit $W_2(k)$-lifting of a Frobenius split scheme $X$ over a perfect field $k$, reproving Bhatt's existential result. Furthermore, we study existence of liftings of the Frobenius morphism. In particular, we prove that in dimension $n \geq 4$ ordinary double points do not admit a $W_2(k)$-lifting compatible with Frobenius, and that canonical surface singularities are Frobenius liftable. Combined with Bhatt's re…
Let X be a smooth projective curve of genus g \textgreater{}1 defined over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic p \textgreater{}0. For p sufficiently large (explicitly given in terms of r,g) we construct an atlas for the locus of all Frobenius-destabilized bundles (i.e. we construct all Frobenius-destabilized bundles of degree zero up to isomorphism). This is done by exhibiting a surjective morphism from a certain Quot-scheme onto the locus of stable Frobenius-destabilized bundles. Further we show that there is a bijective correspondence between the set of stable vector bundles E …
For a toric Deligne-Mumford (DM) stack, we can consider a certain generalization of the Frobenius endomorphism. For such an endomorphism on a two-dimensional toric DM stack, we show that the push-forward of the structure sheaf generates the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on the toric DM stack. We also choose a full strong exceptional collection from the set of direct summands of the push-forward in several examples of two dimensional toric DM orbifolds.
In this paper, given a semisimple algebraic group $\bf G$ of rank 2, we construct a special semiorthogonal decomposition in the derived category of coherent sheaves on the flag variety ${\bf G}/{\bf B}$. These decompositions are defined over the localization ${\mathbb Z}_{\rm S}$, where $\rm S$ is the set of bad primes for $\bf G$, while their block structure is compatible with the Bruhat order on Schubert varieties. The non-standard $t$-structures on ${\rm D}^b({\bf G}/{\bf B})$ defined by these decompositions are self-dual with respect to the duality ${\mathcal RHom}_{{\bf G}/{\bf B}}(-,ω_{{…
We combine the Bondal-Uehara method for producing exceptional collections on toric varieties with a result of the first author and Favero to expand the set of varieties satisfying Orlov's Conjecture on derived dimension.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g(X)\geq 1$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$ and $F_{X/k}:X\rightarrow X^{(1)}$ be the relative Frobenius morphism. Let $\mathfrak{M}^{s(ss)}_X(r,d)$ (resp. $\mathfrak{M}^{s(ss)}_{X^{(1)}}(r\cdot p,d+r(p-1)(g-1))$) be the moduli space of (semi)-stable vector bundles of rank $r$ (resp. $r\cdot p$) and degree $d$ (resp. $d+r(p-1)(g-1)$) on $X$ (resp. $X^{(1)}$). We show that the set-theoretic map $S^{ss}_{\mathrm{Frob}}:\mathfrak{M}^{ss}_X(r,d)\rightarrow\mathfrak{M}^{ss}_{X^{(1)}}(r\cdot p,d+r(p-1)(g-1))$ induced by $[…
Let $R$ be the homogeneous coordinate ring of the Grassmannian $\mathbb{G}=\operatorname{Gr}(2,n)$ defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. In this paper we give a completely characteristic free description of the decomposition of $R$, considered as a graded $R^p$-module, into indecomposables ("Frobenius summands"). As a corollary we obtain a similar decomposition for the Frobenius pushforward of the structure sheaf of $\mathbb{G}$ and we obtain in particular that this pushforward is almost never a tilting bundle. On the other hand we show that $R$ provides a "noncom…
Let $X$ be a projective scheme over a field. We show that the vanishing cohomology of any sequence of coherent sheaves is closely related to vanishing under pullbacks by the Frobenius morphism. We also compare various definitions of ample locally free sheaf and show that the vanishing given by the Frobenius morphism is, in a certain sense, the strongest possible. Our work can be viewed as various generalizations of the Serre Vanishing Theorem.
Vector bundles in positive characteristics have a tendency to be destabilized after pulling back by the Frobenius morphism. In this paper, we closely examine vector bundles over curves that are, in an appropriate sense, maximally destabilized by the Frobenius morphism. Then we prove that such bundles of rank 2 exist over any curve in characteristic 3, and are unique up to twisting by a line bundle. We also give an application of such bundles to the study of ample vector bundles, which is valid in all characteristics.
Let $R$ be the homogeneous coordinate ring of the Grassmannian $\mathbb{G}=Gr(2,n)$ defined over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p \geq \max\{n-2,3\}$. In this paper we give a description of the decomposition of $R$, considered as graded $R^{p^r}$-module, for $r \geq 2$. This is a companion paper to our earlier paper, where the case $r=1$ was treated, and taken together, our results imply that $R$ has finite F-representation type (FFRT). Though it is expected that all rings of invariants for reductive groups have FFRT, ours is the first non-trivial example of such a ring f…
This article is the first one of a series of three articles devoted to direct images of isocrystals: here we consider isocrystals without Frobenius structure; in the second one (resp. the third one), we will introduce a Frobenius structure in the convergent (resp. overconvergent) context. For a liftable proper smooth morphism we establish the overconvergence of direct images, owing to a base change theorem for a proper morphism between rigid analytic spaces. This result partially answers a conjecture of Berthelot on the overconvergence of direct images under a proper smooth morphism.
Let X be a smooth projective curve over an algebraic closed field of characteristic p and F be the Frobenius morphism of X. Here, I give a negative answer to the guess that the length of the Harder-Narasimhan of F*W is not bigger than p, where W is a semistable bundle on X.
This article is the third one of a series of three articles devoted to direct images of isocrystals: here we consider overconvergent isocrystals with Frobenius structure. For a liftable proper smooth morphism we establish the overconvergence of direct images, owing to the first article and the existence of lifts of Frobenius. This result partially answers a conjecture of Berthelot on the overconvergence of direct images of overconvergent F-isocrystals under a proper smooth morphism.
The purpose of this paper is to describe several applications of finiteness properties of $F$-finite $F$-modules recently discovered by M. Hochster to the study of Frobenius maps on injective hulls, Frobenius near-splittings and to the nature of morphisms of $F$-finite $F$-modules. Among the results in the paper we show that morphisms of $F$-finite $F$-modules have a particularly simple form, and we show that certain Frobenius near-splittings have finitely many compatible submodules, thus generalizing a result of M. Blickle and G. Böckle to the non-$F$-finite case.
Let $X$ be a smooth scheme over a perfect field $k$ of positive characteristic. M.V.~Nori and V.~Srinivas studied infinitesimal liftings of Frobenius morphism $F:X\to X$. Namely, given a Frobenius lifting $F_Y: Y\to Y$ over $W_{n-1}(k)$ the obstruction of lifting $F_Y$ over $W_n(k)$ is a class in $H^1(X, T_X\tensor B_1Ω^1_{X/k})$. We give a modified version of their theory and applications, in which we consider lifting $(n-1)$th iterated Frobenius $F^{n-1}:X\to X$ directly over $W_n(k)$.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic $p$ whose tangent bundle is nef. We prove that $X$ admits a smooth morphism $X \to M$ such that the fibers are Fano varieties with nef tangent bundle and $T_M$ is numerically flat. We also prove that extremal contractions exist as smooth morphisms. As an application, we prove that, if the Frobenius morphism can be lifted modulo $p^2$, then $X$ admits, up to a finite étale Galois cover, a smooth morphism onto an ordinary abelian variety whose fibers are products of projective spaces.
Let k be a perfect field of characteristic p>0 and W the ring of Witt vectors of k. In this article, we give a new proof of the Frobenius descent for convergent isocrystals on a variety over k relative to W. This proof allows us to deduce an analogue of the de Rham complexes comparaison theorem of Berthelot without assuming a lifting of the Frobenius morphism. As an application, we prove a version of Berthelot's conjecture on the preservation of convergent isocrystals under the higher direct image by a smooth proper morphism of k-varieties.
Pure t-motives were introduced by G. Anderson as higher dimensional generalizations of Drinfeld modules, and as the appropriate analogs of abelian varieties in the arithmetic of function fields. In this article we develop their theory regarding morphisms, isogenies, Tate modules, and local shtukas. The later are the analog of p-divisible groups. We investigate which pure t-motives are semisimple, that is, isogenous to direct sums of simple ones. We give examples for pure t-motives which are not semisimple. Over finite fields the semisimplicity is equivalent to the semisimplicity of the endomor…
We derive transformation rules for test ideals and $F$-singularities under an arbitrary finite surjective morphism $π: Y \to X$ of normal varieties in prime characteristic $p > 0$. The main technique is to relate homomorphisms $F_{*} O_{X} \to O_{X}$, such as Frobenius splittings, to homomorphisms $F_{*} O_{Y} \to O_{Y}$. In the simplest cases, these rules mirror transformation rules for multiplier ideals in characteristic zero. As a corollary, we deduce sufficient conditions which imply that trace is surjective, i.e. $Tr_{Y/X}(π_{*}O_{Y}) = O_{X}$.
Over a field of positive characteristic, a semisimple algebraic group $G$ may have some nonreduced parabolic subgroup $P$. In this paper, we study the Schubert and Bott-Samelson-Demazure-Hansen (BSDH) varieties of $G/P$, with $P$ nonreduced, when the base field is perfect. It is shown that in general the Schubert and BSDH varieties of such a $G/P$ are not normal, and the projection of the BSDH variety onto the Schubert variety has nonreduced fibers at closed points. When the base field is finite, the generalized convolution morphisms between BSDH varieties are also studied. It is shown that th…
If $X$ is a smooth scheme over a perfect field of characteristic $p$, and if $\sD_X$ is the sheaf of differential operators on $X$ [EGAIV], it is well known that giving an action of $\sD_X$ on an $\sO_X$-module $\sE$ is equivalent to giving an infinite sequence of $\sO_X$-modules descending $\sE$ via the iterates of the Frobenius endomorphism of $X$. We show that this result can be generalized to any infinitesimal deformation $f : X \to S$ of a smooth morphism in characteristic $p$, endowed with Frobenius liftings. We also show that it extends to adic formal schemes such that $p$ belongs to an…
We formulate a conjecture characterizing smooth projective varieties in positive characteristic whose Frobenius morphism can be lifted modulo $p^2$ - we expect that such varieties, after a finite étale cover, admit a toric fibration over an ordinary abelian variety. We prove that this assertion implies a conjecture of Occhetta and Wiśniewski, which states that in characteristic zero a smooth image of a projective toric variety is a toric variety. To this end we analyse the behaviour of toric varieties in families showing some generization and specialization results. Furthermore, we prove a pos…
This article is the second one of a series of three articles devoted to direct images of isocrystals: here we consider convergent isocrystals with Frobenius structure. Let V be a complete discrete valuation ring, with residue field k = V/m of characteristic p > 0 and fraction field K of characteristic 0. Firstly we characterize convergent F-isocrystals on a smooth affine k-scheme. Secondly, for perfect k and after a detailed exposition of the Teichmûller liftings, especially for the affine rigid line, we derive the existence of Frobenius isomorphisms on the direct images of convergent F-isocry…
