We study Jacobi structures on the dual bundle $A^\ast$ to a vector bundle $A$ such that the Jacobi bracket of linear functions is again linear and the Jacobi bracket of a linear function and the constant function 1 is a basic function. We prove that a Lie algebroid structure on $A$ and a 1-cocycle $ϕ\in Γ(A^\ast)$ induce a Jacobi structure on $A^\ast$ satisfying the above conditions. Moreover, we show that this correspondence is a bijection. Finally, we discuss some examples and applications.
We study affine Jacobi structures on an affine bundle $π:A\to M$, i.e. Jacobi brackets that close on affine functions. We prove that there is a one-to-one correspondence between affine Jacobi structures on $A$ and Lie algebroid structures on the vector bundle $A^+=\bigcup_{p\in M}Aff(A_p,\R)$ of affine functionals. Some examples and applications, also for the linear case, are discussed. For a special type of affine Jacobi structures which are canonically exhibited (strongly-affine or affine-homogeneous Jacobi structures) over a real vector space of finite dimension, we describe the leaves of i…
The aim of this paper is to prove a normal form Theorem for Dirac-Jacobi bundles using the recent techniques from Bursztyn, Lima and Meinrenken. As the most important consequence, we can prove the splitting theorems of Jacobi pairs which was proposed by Dazord, Lichnerowicz and Marle. As an application we provide a alternative proof of the splitting theorem of homogeneous Poisson structures.
A Jacobi structure $J$ on a line bundle $L\to M$ is weakly regular if the sharp map $J^\sharp : J^1 L \to DL$ has constant rank. A generalized contact bundle with regular Jacobi structure possess a transverse complex structure. Paralleling the work of Bailey in generalized complex geometry, we find condition on a pair consisting of a regular Jacobi structure and an transverse complex structure to come from a generalized contact structure. In this way we are able to construct interesting examples of generalized contact bundles. As applications: 1) we prove that every 5-dimensional nilmanifold i…
We show that a suitable notion of Dirac-Jacobi structure on a generic line bundle $L$, is provided by Dirac structures in the omni-Lie algebroid of $L$. Dirac-Jacobi structures on line bundles generalize Wade's $\mathcal E^1 (M)$-Dirac structures and unify generic (i.e.~non-necessarily coorientable) precontact distributions, Dirac structures and local Lie algebras with one dimensional fibers in the sense of Kirillov (in particular, Jacobi structures in the sense of Lichnerowicz). We study the main properties of Dirac-Jacobi structures and prove that integrable Dirac-Jacobi structures on line-b…
Let (M,g) be a Riemannian manifold and G a nondegenerate g-natural metric on its tangent bundle T M . In this paper we establish a relation between the Jacobi operators of (M,g) and that of (T M,G). In the case of a Riemannian surface (M,g), we compute explicitly the spectrum of some Jacobi operators of (TM,G) and give necessary and sufficient conditions for (T M,G) to be an Osserman manifold.
We extend the construction of the BFV-complex of a coisotropic submanifold from the Poisson setting to the Jacobi setting. In particular, our construction applies in the contact and l.c.s. settings. The BFV-complex of a coisotropic submanifold $S$ controls the coisotropic deformation problem of $S$ under both Hamiltonian and Jacobi equivalence.
We present an approach to Jacobi and contact geometry that makes many facts, presented in the literature in an overcomplicated way, much more natural and clear. The key concepts are Kirillov manifolds and linear Kirillov structures, i.e., homogeneous Poisson manifolds and, respectively, homogeneous linear Poisson manifolds. The difference with the existing literature is that the homogeneity of the Poisson structure is related to a principal ${\rm GL}(1,{\mathbb R})$-bundle structure on the manifold and not just to a vector field. This allows for working with Jacobi bundle structures on nontriv…
In this paper, for a variety of nonholonomic (reducible) Hamiltonian systems, we first give to various distributional Hamiltonian systems, by analyzing carefully the dynamics and structures of the nonholonomic Hamiltonian systems. Secondly, we derive precisely the geometric constraint conditions of the induced distributional two-form for the nonholonomic dynamical vector field, which are called the Type I and Type II of Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Thirdly, we generalize the above results for the nonholonomic reducible Hamiltonian systems with symmetries, as well as with momentum maps, and prove…
We study twisted Jacobi manifolds, a concept that we had introduced in a previous Note. Twisted Jacobi manifolds can be characterized using twisted Dirac-Jacobi, which are sub-bundles of Courant-Jacobi algebroids. We show that each twisted Jacobi manifold has an associated Lie algebroid with a 1-cocycle. We introduce the notion of quasi-Jacobi bialgebroid and we prove that each twisted Jacobi manifold has a quasi-Jacobi bialgebroid canonically associated. Moreover, the double of a quasi-Jacobi bialgebroid is a Courant-Jacobi algebroid. Several examples of twisted Jacobi manifolds and twisted D…
Based on ideas of W. M. Tulczyjew, a geometric framework for a frame-independent formulation of different problems in analytical mechanics is developed. In this approach affine bundles replace vector bundles of the standard description and functions are replaced by sections of certain affine line bundles called AV-bundles. Categorial constructions for affine and special affine bundles as well as natural analogs of Lie algebroid structures on affine bundles (Lie affgebroids) are investigated. One discovers certain Lie algebroids and Lie affgebroids canonically associated with an AV-bundle which…
In this paper, we present a relation between Jacobi-Reeb dynamics and the dynamics associated with a mechanical Hamiltonian system with respect to a linear Poisson structure on a vector bundle. For this purpose, we will use the so-called Jacobi bundle metrics induced by the mechanical Hamiltonian system. These constructions extend classical results on the relation between standard mechanical Hamiltonian systems on cotangent bundles and Reeb dynamics.
We prove a nonholonomic version of the classical Mauper\-tuis-Jacobi principle which transforms an autonomous mechanical nonholonomic problem, determined by a kinetic minus potential energy and a distribution, in a kinetic nonholonomic problem over a fixed level set of the Lagrangian energy. To prove this result we introduce an appropriate contact bundle structure clarifying the geometric equivalence between both problems. By using the nonholonomic Maupertuis-Jacobi principle, we prove that the regular solutions of a mechanical nonholonomic problem starting from a fixed point and in the same l…
Jacobi algebroids, that is graded Lie brackets on the Grassmann algebra associated with a vector bundle which satisfy a property similar to that of the Jacobi brackets, are introduced. They turn out to be equivalent to generalized Lie algebroids in the sense of Iglesias and Marrero and can be viewed also as odd Jacobi brackets on the supermanifolds associated with the vector bundles. Jacobi bialgebroids are defined in the same manner. A lifting procedure of elements of this Grassmann algebra to multivector fields on the total space of the vector bundle which preserves the corresponding bracket…
Starting from a bundle E over R, the dual of the first jet bundle, which is a co-dimension 1 sub-bundle of the cotangent bundle of E, is the appropriate manifold for the geometric description of time-dependent Hamiltonian systems. Based on previous work, we recall properties of the complete lifts of a type (1,1) tensor R on E to both of these manifolds. We discuss how an interplay between these lifted tensors leads to the identification of related distributions on both manifolds. The integrability of these distributions, a coordinate free condition, is shown to produce exactly Forbat's conditi…
We propose a novel approach to contact Hamiltonian mechanics which, in contrast to the one dominating in the literature, serves also for non-trivial contact structures. In this approach Hamiltonians are no longer functions on the contact manifold M itself but sections of a line bundle over M or, equivalently, 1-homogeneous functions on a certain GL(1,R)-principal bundle P\to M which is equipped with a homogeneous symplectic form ω. In other words, our understanding of contact geometry is that it is not an `odd-dimensional cousin' of symplectic geometry but rather a part of the latter, namely `…
The standard formulation of Jacobi manifolds in terms of differential operators on line bundles, although effective at capturing most of the relevant geometric features, lacks a clear algebraic interpretation similar to how Poisson algebras are understood to be the algebraic counterpart of Poisson manifolds. We propose a formalism, based on the dimensioned algebra technology recently developed by the author, to capture the algebraic counterparts of Jacobi manifolds as dimensioned Poisson algebras. Particularly, we give a generalisation of the functor $\text{C}^\infty:\textsf{Smooth}\to \textsf…
In this paper, we develop holomorphic Jacobi structures. Holomorphic Jacobi manifolds are in one-to-one correspondence with certain homogeneous holomorphic Poisson manifolds. Furthermore, holomorphic Poisson manifolds can be looked at as special cases of holomorphic Jacobi manifolds. We show that holomorphic Jacobi structures yield a much richer framework than that of holomorphic Poisson structures. We also discuss the relationship between holomorphic Jacobi structures, generalized contact bundles and Jacobi-Nijenhuis structures.
For the Jacobian resulting from the previously considered problem of the path integral reduction in Wiener path integrals for a mechanical system with symmetry describing the motion of two interacting scalar particles on a manifold that is the product of a smooth compact finite-dimensional Riemannian manifold and a finite-dimensional vector space, a geometric representation is obtained. This representation follows from the formula for the scalar curvature of the original manifold endowed by definition with a free isometric smooth action of a compact semisimple Lie group. The derivation of this…
The geodesic flow on the tangent bundle is the flow of a certain vector field which is called the spray $S:TM\to TTM$. The flow lines of the vector field $\ka_{TM}øTS:TTM\to TTTM$ project to the Jacobi fields on $TM$. This could be called the Jacobi flow.
The Hamilton-Jacobi problem is revisited bearing in mind the consequences arising from a possible bi-Hamiltonian structure. The problem is formulated on the tangent bundle for Lagrangian systems in order to avoid the bias of the existence of a natural symplectic structure on the cotangent bundle. First it is developed for systems described by regular Lagrangians and then extended to systems described by singular Lagrangians with no secondary constraints. We also consider the example of the free relativistic particle, the rigid body and the electron-monopole system.
In this paper, we extend the T-duality Hori maps in [arXiv:hep-th/0306062], inducing isomorphisms of twisted cohomologies on T-dual circle bundles, to graded Hori maps and show that they induce isomorphisms of two-variable series of twisted cohomologies on the T-dual circle bundles, preserving Jacobi form properties. The composition of the graded Hori map with its dual equals the Euler operator. We also construct Witten gerbe modules arising from gerbe modules and show that their graded twisted Chern characters are Jacobi forms under an anomaly vanishing condition on gerbe modules, thereby giv…
We characterize Poisson and Jacobi structures by means of complete lifts of the corresponding tensors: the lifts have to be related to canonical structures by morphisms of corresponding vector bundles. Similar results hold for generalized Poisson and Jacobi structures (canonical structures) associated with Lie algebroids and Jacobi algebroids.
This paper introduces $\infty$- and $n$-fold vector bundles as special functors from the $\infty$- and $n$-cube categories to the category of smooth manifolds. We study the cores and "n-pullbacks" of $n$-fold vector bundles and we prove that any $n$-fold vector bundle admits a non-canonical isomorphism to a decomposed $n$-fold vector bundle. A colimit argument then shows that $\infty$-fold vector bundles admit as well non-canonical decompositions. For the convenience of the reader, the case of triple vector bundles is discussed in detail.
It is proved that all invariant functions of a complex Finsler manifold can be totally recovered from the torsion and curvature of the connection introduced by Kobayashi for holomorphic vector bundles with complex Finsler structures. Equations of the geodesics and Jacobi fields of a generic complex Finsler manifold, expressed by means Kobayashi's connection, are also derived.
In this article we investigate the relations between three kinds of vector fields with close connection to each other. A compact orientable manifold enables us to integrate over it, which is very different from noncompact manifolds, and this gives difference of those relationships between on compact and noncompact manifolds.
In this paper, we construct a category of short exact sequences of vector bundles and prove that it is equivalent to the category of double vector bundles. Moreover, operations on double vector bundles can be transferred to operations on the corresponding short exact sequences. In particular, we study the duality theory of double vector bundles in term of the corresponding short exact sequences. Examples including the jet bundle and the Atiyah algebroid are discussed.
A new generalization of Grassmannians, called ν-grassmannians, and a canonical super vector bundle over this new space, say Γ, are introduced. Then, constructing a Gauss supermap of a super vector bundle, the universal property of Γ is discussed. Finally, we generalize one of the main theorems of homotopy classification for vector bundles in supergeometry.
In this paper, we prove that total space of every vector bundle with the base manifold on which the canonical isometric action acts freely, also carries a principal bundle structure. We also obtain another principal bundle based on the total space of given vector bundle.
In this paper we study the limiting behaviour of the harmonic flow on flat complex vector bundle, and prove the limit must be isomorphic to the graded flat complex vector bundle associated to the Jordan-Hölder filtration.
This paper addresses Cheeger and Gromoll's question of which vector bundles admit a complete metric of nonnegative curvature, and relates their question to the issue of which sphere bundles admit a metric of positive curvature. We show that any vector bundle which admits a metric of nonnegative curvature must admit a connection, a tensor, and a metric on the base space which together satisfy a certain differential inequality. On the other hand, a slight sharpening of this condition is sufficient for the associated sphere bundle to admit a metric of positive curvature. Our results sharpen and g…
We show that any $k$ Osserman Lorentzian algebraic curvature tensor has constant sectional curvature and give an elementary proof that any local 2 point homogeneous Lorentzian manifold has constant sectional curvature. We also show that a Szabó Lorentzian covariant derivative algebraic curvature tensor vanishes.
In this article we consider the continuity of the eigenvalues of the connection Laplacian of $G$-connections on vector bundles over Riemannian manifolds. To show it, we introduce the notion of the asymptotically $G$-equivariant measured Gromov-Hausdorff topology on the space of metric measure spaces with isometric $G$-actions, and apply it to the total spaces of principal $G$-bundles equipped with $G$-connections over Riemannian manifolds.
In this paper we consider the complex vector spaces of holomorphic cross-sections of homogeneous holomorphic vector bundles over elliptic adjoint orbits, and provide a sufficient condition for the vector spaces to be finite dimensional in view of root systems.
Let $\mathcal{N}$ be the space of Gaussian distribution functions over $\mathbb{R}$, regarded as a 2-dimensional statistical manifold parameterized by the mean $μ$ and the deviation $σ$. In this paper we show that the tangent bundle of $\mathcal{N}$, endowed with its natural Kähler structure, is the Siegel-Jacobi space appearing in the context of Number Theory and Jacobi forms. Geometrical aspects of the Siegel-Jacobi space are discussed in detail (completeness, curvature, group of holomorphic isometries, space of Kähler functions, relationship to the Jacobi group), and are related to the quan…
Two new classes of metrizable vector bundles have been presented in the papers [1] and [4]. The Lie algebroid generalized tangent bundle of a dual vector bundle is presented. This Lie algebroid is a new example of metrizable vector bundle. A new class of Hamilton spaces, called by use, generalized Hamilton (ρ,η)-space, Hamilton (ρ,η)-space and Cartan (ρ,η)-space are presented. The results obtained in the particular case of Lie algebroids emphasize the importance and the utility of our new method by work. In particular, if all morphisms are identities morphisms, then the classical results are o…
We show that an invariant surface allows to construct the Jacobi vector field along a geodesic and construct the formula for the normal component of the Jacobi field. If a geodesic is the transversal intersection of two invariant surfaces (such situation we have, for example, if the geodesic is hyperbolic), then we can construct a fundamental solution of the the Jacobi-Hill equation. This is done for quadratically integrable geodesic flows.
A tangent category is a category equipped with an endofunctor that satisfies certain axioms which capture the abstract properties of the tangent bundle functor from classical differential geometry. Cockett and Cruttwell introduced differential bundles in 2017 as an algebraic alternative to vector bundles in an arbitrary tangent category. In this paper, we prove that differential bundles in the category of smooth manifolds are precisely vector bundles. In particular, this means that we can give a characterisation of vector bundles that exhibits them as models of a tangent categorical essentiall…
In this paper, we study a new operation named pushforward on diffeological vector pseudo-bundles, which is left adjoint to the pullback. We show how to pushforward projective diffeological vector pseudo-bundles to get projective diffeological vector spaces, producing many concrete new examples, together with application to smooth splittings of some projective diffeological vector spaces related to geometry. This brings new objects to diffeology from classical vector bundle theory.
The most important examples of a double vector bundle are provided by iterated tangent and cotangent functors: TTM, TT^*M, T^*TM, and T^*T^*M. We introduce the notions of the dual double vector bundle and the dual double vector bundle morphism. Theorems on canonical isomorphisms are formulated and proved. Several examples are given.
Given a Poisson (or more generally Dirac) manifold $P$, there are two approaches to its geometric quantization: one involves a circle bundle $Q$ over $P$ endowed with a Jacobi (or Jacobi-Dirac) structure; the other one involves a circle bundle with a (pre-) contact groupoid structure over the (pre-) symplectic groupoid of $P$. We study the relation between these two prequantization spaces. We show that the circle bundle over the (pre-) symplectic groupoid of $P$ is obtained from the groupoid of $Q$ via an $S^1$ reduction that preserves both the groupoid and the geometric structure.
We present a systematic treatment of line bundle geometry and Jacobi manifolds with an application to geometric mechanics that has not been noted in the literature. We precisely identify categories that generalise the ordinary categories of smooth manifolds and vector bundles to account for a lack of choice of a preferred unit, which in standard differential geometry is always given by the global constant function $1$. This is what we call the `unit-free' approach. After giving a characterisation of local Lie brackets via their symbol maps we apply our novel categorical language to review Jaco…
A reductive structure is associated here with Lagrangian canonically defined conserved quantities on gauge-natural bundles. Parametrized transformations defined by the gauge-natural lift of infinitesimal principal automorphisms induce a variational sequence such that the generalized Jacobi morphism is naturally self-adjoint. As a consequence, its kernel defines a reductive split structure on the relevant underlying principal bundle.
We prove a GAGA-style result for toric vector bundles with smooth base and give an algebraic construction of the Frölicher approximating vector bundle that has recently been introduced by Dan Popovici using analytic techniques.
A linear connection is associated to a nonlinear connection on a vector bundle by a linearization procedure. Our definition is intrinsic in terms of vector fields on the bundle. For a connection on an affine bundle our procedure can be applied after homogenization and restriction. Several applications in Classical Mechanics are provided.
The problem for consistency between linear transports along paths and real bundle metrics in real vector bundles is stated. Necessary and/or sufficient conditions, as well as conditions for existence, for such consistency are derived. All metrics (resp. transports) consistent with a given transport (resp. metric) are explicitly obtained. The special case of linear transports, generated by derivations of tensor algebras, of vectors is considered. Analogous problems are investigated in complex vector bundles endowed with Hermitian metrics.
The existence problem for holomorphic structures on vector bundles over non-algebraic surfaces is in general still open. We solve this problem in the case of rank 2 vector bundles over K3 surfaces and in the case of vector bundles of arbitrary rank over all known surfaces of class VII. Our methods, which are based on Donaldson theory and deformation theory, can be used to solve the existence problem of holomorphic vector bundles on further classes of non-algebraic surfaces.
