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arXiv 0912.2885math.DS
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全球动力学中的鸭式循环

Canard cycles in global dynamics

Alexandre Vidal, Jean-Pierre Françoise

摘要:

快慢系统通常用“几何剖分”来研究。快速动态表现出吸引子,该吸引子可以在被视为快速动态的参数的缓慢动态的影响下分叉。一个通用的解决方案来接近一个连接组件的稳定不变集的快速动态。随着慢动力学的演化,该吸引子可能失去其稳定性,并且解最终快速到达快动力学的吸引子的另一个连接分量,并且该过程可能重复。这种情况很好地解释了弛豫振荡和爆发振荡。最近,在与动力系统理论和生理学应用的关系中,鸭式循环出现了新的兴趣。这些轨道都有一个共同的性质,即它们会在一段时间内保持在一个不稳定的不变集(奇异集或快速动力学的周期轨道)附近。虽然鸭翼最初是在转折点是褶皱的情况下被发现的,但在本文中,我们关注的是一些转折点是跨临界的情况。我们提出了几个新的令人惊讶的效果,如“鸭的放大”或“异常快速恢复”的(1+1)-系统和(2+1)-系统与三营养食物链动力学。最后,我们还提到它们可能与生态学中创造的弹性概念有关。

英文摘要:

Fast-slow systems are studied usually by "geometrical dissection". The fast dynamics exhibit attractors which may bifurcate under the influence of the slow dynamics which is seen as a parameter of the fast dynamics. A generic solution comes close to a connected component of the stable invariant sets of the fast dynamics. As the slow dynamics evolves, this attractor may lose its stability and the solution eventually reaches quickly another connected component of attractors of the fast dynamics and the process may repeat. This scenario explains quite well relaxation and bursting oscillations. More recently, in relation both with theory of dynamical systems and with applications to physiology, a new interest has emerged in canard cycles. These orbits share the property that they remain for a while close to an unstable invariant set (either singular set or periodic orbits of the fast dynamics). Although canards were first discovered when the transition points are folds, in this article, we focus on the case where some transition points are instead transcritical. We present several new surprising effects like the "amplification of canards" or the "exceptionally fast recovery" on both (1+1)-systems and (2+1)-systems associated with tritrophic food chain dynamics. Finally, we also mention their possible relevance to the notion of resilience which has been coined out in ecology.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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