In the paper, we provide some examples of MF algebras by considering minimal or maximal tensor products of MF algebras and crossed products of MF algebras by finite groups or an integer group. We also present some examples of C$^*$-algebras, whose BDF extension semigroup is not group. These examples include, for example, $
C_r^*(F_n)\otimes_{max} C^*(F_n) $, $ C_r^*(F_n)\otimes_{min} C^*(F_n) $, $C_r^*(H_1\ast H_2)$ with $2\le |H_1|<\infty$ and $3\le |H_2|<\infty$ where $|H_1|$, $|H_2|$ are the orders of thr groups $H1$, or $H_2$ respectively, and many others.
In the paper, we prove that reduced free products of unital AH algebras with respect to given faithful tracial states, in the sense of Voiculescu, are Blackadar and Kirhcberg's MF algebras. We also show that the reduced free products of unital AH algebras with respect to given faithful tracial states, under mild conditions, are not quasidiagonal. Therefore we conclude, for a large class of AH algebras, the Brown-Douglas-Fillmore extension semigroups of the reduced free products of these AH algebras with respect to given faithful tracial states are not groups. Our result is based on Haagerup an…
We show that a Kirchberg algebra is semiprojective if and only if it is KK-semiprojective. In particular, this shows that a Kirchberg algebra in the UCT-class is semiprojective if and only if its K-theory is finitely generated, thereby giving a positive solution to a longstanding conjecture by Blackadar.
In this paper, we consider Blackadar and Kirchberg's MF algebras. We show that any inner quasidiagonal C-algebra is MF algebra and we generalize Voiculescu's Representation Theorem for a special version of MF algebras. Moreover, we define a weak version of MF algebras namely matrical amenable (AM) algebras, and prove some results related to this new notion. Finally, we consider real C-algebras and we show that a real C-algebra is MF if and only if its complexification is MF.
A well-known theorem of Blackadar and Handelman states that every unital stably finite C*-algebra has a bounded quasitrace. Rather strong generalizations of stable finiteness to the non-unital case can be obtained by either requiring the multiplier algebra to be stably finite, or alternatively requiring it to be at least stably not properly infinite. This paper deals with the question whether the Blackadar-Handelman result can be extended to the non-unital case with respect to these generalizations of stable finiteness. For suitably well-behaved C*-algebras there is a positive result, but none…
We study the validity of the Blackadar-Kirchberg conjecture for extensions of separable, nuclear, quasidiagonal $C^*$-algebras that satisfy the UCT. More specifically, we show that the conjecture for the extension has an affirmative answer if the ideal lies in a class of $C^*$-algebras that is closed under local approximations and contains all separable ASH algebras, as well as certain classes of simple, unital $C^*$-algebras and crossed products of unital $C^*$-algebras with the integers.
We prove that every action of a finite group all of whose Sylow subgroups are cyclic on the K-theory of a Kirchberg algebra can be lifted to an action on the Kirchberg algebra. The proof uses a construction of Kirchberg algebras generalizing the one of Cuntz-Krieger algebras, and a result on modules over finite groups. As a corollary, every automorphism of the K-theory of a Kirchberg algebra can be lifted to an automorphism of the Kirchberg algebra with same order.
We give a construction of Kirchberg algebras from graphs. By using product graphs in the construction we are able to provide models for general (UCT) Kirchberg algebras while maintaining the explicit generators and relations of the underlying graphs.
In this note we show that every Kirchberg algebra in the UCT class is the $C^{\ast}$-algebra of a Hausdorff, ample, amenable and locally contracting groupoid. The non-unital case follows from Spielberg's graph-based models for Kirchberg algebras. Our contribution is the unital case and our proof builds on Spielberg's construction.
We give a partial answer to the question for the precise value of the nuclear dimension of UCT-Kirchberg algebras raised by W. Winter and J. Zacharias. It is shown that every Kirchberg algebra in the UCT-class with torsion free $K_1$-group has nuclear dimension 1.
Toward the complete classification of poly-$\mathbb{Z}$ group actions on Kirchberg algebras, we prove several fundamental theorems that are used in the classification. In addition, as an application of them, we classify outer actions of poly-$\mathbb{Z}$ groups of Hirsch length not greater than three on unital Kirchberg algebras up to $KK$-trivial cocycle conjugacy.
We obtain a weak homotopy equivalence type result between two topological groups associated with a Kirchberg algebra: the unitary group of the continuous asymptotic centralizer and the loop group of the automorphism group of the stabilization. This result plays a crucial role in our subsequent work on the classification of poly-$\mathbb{Z}$ group actions on Kirchberg algebras. As a special case, we show that the $K$-groups of the continuous asymptotic centralizer are isomorphic to the $KK$-groups of the Kirchberg algebra.
In the paper, we introduce a new concept of topological orbit dimension of $n$-tuples of elements in a unital C$^*$ algebra. Using this concept, we conclude that the Voiculescu's topological free entropy dimension of any family of self-adjoint generators of a nuclear C$^*$ algebra is less than or equal to 1. We also show that the topological free entropy dimension is additive in the full free products of unital C$^*$ algebras. In the appendix, we show that unital full free product of Blackadar and Kirchberg's unital MF algebras is also MF algebra.
For two unital Kirchberg algebras with finitely generated K-groups, we introduce a property, called reciprocality, which is proved to be closely related to the homotopy theory of Kirchberg algebras. We show the Spanier--Whitehead duality for bundles of separable nuclear UCT C*-algebras with finitely generated K-groups and conclude that two reciprocal Kirchberg algebras share the same structure of their bundles.
We prove that every Kirchberg algebra in the UCT class has nuclear dimension 1. We first show that Kirchberg 2-graph algebras with trivial $K_0$ and finite $K_1$ have nuclear dimension 1 by adapting a technique developed by Winter and Zacharias for Cuntz algebras. We then prove that every Kirchberg algebra in the UCT class is a direct limit of 2-graph algebras to obtain our main theorem.
In this paper we study the C*-algebras associated to continuous fields over locally compact metrisable zero dimensional spaces whose fibers are Kirchberg C*-algebras satisfying the UCT. We show that these algebras are inductive limits of finite direct sums of Kirchberg algebras and they are classified up to isomorphism by topological invariants.
We give a framework to produce C*-algebra inclusions with extreme properties. This gives the first constructive nuclear minimal ambient C*-algebras. We further obtain a purely infinite analogue of Dadarlat's modeling theorem on AF-algebras: Every Kirchberg algebra is rigidly and KK-equivalently sandwiched by non-nuclear C*-algebras without intermediate C*-algebras. Finally we reveal a novel property of Kirchberg algebras: They embed into arbitrarily wild C*-algebras as rigid maximal C*-subalgebras.
This is the second part of our serial work on the classification of poly-$\mathbb{Z}$ group actions on Kirchberg algebras. Based on technical results obtained in our previous work, we completely reduce the problem to the classification of continuous fields of Kirchberg algebras over the classifying spaces. As an application, we determine the number of cocycle conjugacy classes of outer $\mathbb{Z}^n$-actions on the Cuntz algebras.
We show that separable continuous fields over the unit interval whose fibers are stable Kirchberg algebras that satisfy the universal coefficient theorem in KK-theory and have rational K-theory groups are classified up to isomorphism by filtrated K-theory.
We prove that the C*-algebra of a minimal diffeomorphism satisfies Blackadar's Fundamental Comparability Property for positive elements. This leads to the classification, in terms of K-theory and traces, of the isomorphism classes of countably generated Hilbert modules over such algebras, and to a similar classification for the closures of unitary orbits of self-adjoint elements. We also obtain a structure theorem for the Cuntz semigroup in this setting, and prove a conjecture of Blackadar and Handelman: the lower semicontinuous dimension functions are weakly dense in the space of all dimensio…
We investigate symmetries on unital Kirchberg algebras with respect to the Rokhlin property and finite Rokhlin dimension. In stark contrast to the restrictiveness of the Rokhlin property, every such outer action has Rokhlin dimension at most 1. A consequence of these observations is a relationship between the nuclear dimension of an $\mathcal{O}_\infty$-absorbing C*-algebra and its $\mathcal{O}_2$-stabilization. A more direct and alternative approach to this is given as well. Several applications of this relationship are discussed to cover a fairly large class of $\mathcal{O}_\infty$-absorbing…
A universal coefficient theorem is proved for C*-algebras over an arbitrary finite T_0-space X which have vanishing boundary maps. Under bootstrap assumptions, this leads to a complete classification of unital/stable real-rank-zero Kirchberg X-algebras with intermediate cancellation. Range results are obtained for (unital) purely infinite graph C*-algebras with intermediate cancellation and Cuntz-Krieger algebras with intermediate cancellation. Permanence results for extensions of these classes follow.
We prove the following theorem: let $A$ be a UCT Kirchberg algebra, and let $α$ be a prime-order automorphism of $K_*(A)$, with $α([1_A])=[1_A]$ in case $A$ is unital. Then $α$ is induced from an automorphism of $A$ having the same order as $α$. This result is extended to certain instances of an equivariant inclusion of Kirchberg algebras. As a crucial ingredient we prove the following result in representation theory: every module over the integral group ring of a cyclic group of prime order has a natural presentation by generalized lattices with no cyclotomic summands.
We show that the K-theory cosheaf is a complete invariant for separable continuous fields with vanishing boundary maps over a finite-dimensional compact metrizable topological space whose fibers are stable Kirchberg algebras with rational K-theory groups satisfying the universal coefficient theorem. We provide a range result for fields in this class with finite-dimensional K-theory. There are versions of both results for unital continuous fields.
We show an equivariant Kirchberg-Phillips-type absorption theorem for pointwise outer actions of discrete amenable groups on Kirchberg algebras with respect to natural model actions on the Cuntz algebras $\mathcal{O}_\infty$ and $\mathcal{O}_2$. This generalizes results known for finite groups and poly-$\mathbb{Z}$ groups. The model actions are shown to be determined, up to strong cocycle conjugacy, by natural abstract properties, which are verified for some examples of actions arising from tensorial shifts. We also show the following homotopy rigidity result, which may be understood as a prec…
We investigate how the fixed point algebra of a C*-dynamical system can differ from the underlying C*-algebra. For any exact group $Γ$ and any infinite group $Λ$, we construct an outer action of $Λ$ on the Cuntz algebra $\mathcal{O}_2$ whose fixed point algebra is almost equal to the reduced group C*-algebra ${\rm C}^\ast_{\rm r}(Γ)$. Moreover, we show that every infinite group admits outer actions on all Kirchberg algebras whose fixed point algebras fail the completely bounded approximation property.
In this note we show that a combinatorial model of Kirchberg algebras in the UCT, namely the Katsura algebras O_{AB}, can be expressed both as groupoid C*-algebras and as inverse semigroup crossed products. We use this picture to obtain results about simplicity, pure infiniteness and nuclearity of O_{AB} using different methods than those used by Katsura.
A universal coefficient theorem in the setting of Kirchberg's ideal-related KK-theory was obtained in the fundamental case of a C*-algebra with one specified ideal by Bonkat and proved there to split, unnaturally, under certain conditions. Employing certain K-theoretical information derivable from the given operator algebras in a way introduced here, we shall demonstrate that Bonkat's UCT does not split in general. Related methods lead to information on the complexity of the K-theory which must be used to classify *-isomorphisms for purely infinite C*-algebras with one non-trivial ideal.
We investigate the structure of circle actions with the Rokhlin property, particularly in relation to equivariant $KK$-theory. Our main results are $\mathbb{T}$-equivariant versions of celebrated results of Kirchberg: any Rokhlin action on a separable, nuclear C*-algebra is $KK^\mathbb{T}$-equivalent to a Rokhlin action on a Kirchberg algebra; any Rokhlin action on an exact separable C*-algebra embeds equivariantly into $\mathcal{O}_2$ (with its unique Rokhlin action); and two circle actions with the Rokhlin property on a Kirchberg algebra are conjugate if and only if they are $KK^\mathbb{T}$-…
Kirchberg's Embedding Problem (KEP) asks whether every separable C$^*$ algebra embeds into an ultrapower of the Cuntz algebra $\mathcal{O}_2$. In this paper, we use model theory to show that this conjecture is equivalent to a local approximate nuclearity condition that we call the existence of good nuclear witnesses. In order to prove this result, we study general properties of existentially closed C$^*$ algebras. Along the way, we establish a connection between existentially closed C$^*$ algebras, the weak expectation property of Lance, and the local lifting property of Kirchberg. The paper c…
Let A be a separable unital nuclear purely infinite simple C*-algebra satisfying the Universal Coefficient Theorem, and such that the K_0-class of the identity is zero. We prove that every automorphism of order two of the K-theory of A is implemented by an automorphism of A of order two. As a consequence, we prove that every countable Z/2Z-graded module over the representation ring of Z/2Z is isomorphic to the equivariant K-theory for some action of Z/2Z on a separable unital nuclear purely infinite simple C*-algebra. Along the way, we prove that every not necessarily finitely generated module…
Given a compact, metric space X, we show that the commutative C*-algebra C(X) is semiprojective if and only if X is an absolute neighborhood retract of dimension at most one. This confirms a conjecture of Blackadar. Generalizing to the non-unital setting, we derive a characterization of semiprojectivity for separable, commutative C*-algebras. As further application of our findings we verify two conjectures of Loring and Blackadar in the commutative case, and we give a partial answer to the question, when a commutative C*-algebra is weakly (semi-)projective.
From a suitable groupoid G, we show how to construct an amenable principal groupoid whose C*-algebra is a Kirchberg algebra which is KK-equivalent to C*(G). Using this construction, we show by example that many UCT Kirchberg algebras can be realised as the C*-algebras of amenable principal groupoids.
We define continuous C*-algebras over a topological space X and establish some basic results. If X is a locally compact Hausdorff space, continuous C*-algebras over X are equivalent to ordinary continuous C_0(X)-algebras. The main purpose of our study is to prove that every continuous, full, separable, nuclear C*-algebra over X is KK(X)-equivalent to a stable Kirchberg algebra over X. (Here a Kirchberg algebra over X is a separable, nuclear, and strongly purely infinite C*-algebra over X with primitive ideal space homeomorphic to X.) In the case that X is a one-point space, this result is know…
The $C^{\ast}$-algebra $\mathcal{U}_{nc}(n)$ is the universal $C^{\ast}$-algebra generated by $n^2$ generators $u_{ij}$ that make up a unitary matrix. We prove that Kirchberg's formulation of Connes' embedding problem has a positive answer if and only if $\mathcal{U}_{nc}(2) \otimes_{\min} \mathcal{U}_{nc}(2)=\mathcal{U}_{nc}(2) \otimes_{\max} \mathcal{U}_{nc}(2)$. Our results follow from properties of the finite-dimensional operator system $\mathcal{V}_n$ spanned by $1$ and the generators of $\mathcal{U}_{nc}(n)$. We show that $\mathcal{V}_n$ is an operator system quotient of $M_{2n}$ and has…
In this paper, we characterize $\ell$-open and $\ell$-closed $C^*$-algebras and deduce that $\ell$-open $C^*$-algebras are $\ell$-closed, as conjectured by Blackadar. Moreover, we show that a commutative unital $C^*$-algebra is $\ell$-open if and only if it is semiprojective.
We show that in order to prove that every second countable locally compact groups with exact reduced group C*-algebra is exact in the dynamical sense (i.e. KW-exact) it suffices to show this for totally disconnected groups.
The theory of exact C*-algebras was introduced by Kirchberg and has been influential in recent development of C*-algebras. A fundamental result on exact C*-algebras is a local characterization of exactness. The notion of weakly exact von Neumann algebras was also introduced by Kirchberg. In this paper, we give a local characterization of weak exactness. As a corollary, we prove that a discrete group is exact if and only if its group von Neumann algebra is weakly exact. The proof naturally involves the operator space duality.
The Kirchberg Embedding Problem (KEP) asks if every C*-algebra embeds into an ultrapower of the Cuntz algebra $\cal O_2$. Motivated by the recent refutation of the Connes Embedding Problem using the quantum complexity result MIP*=RE, we establish two quantum complexity consequences of a positive solution to KEP. Both results involve almost-commuting strategies to nonlocal games.
In this work we construct a C*-algebra from an injective endomorphisms of some group G, allowing the endomorphism to have infinite cokernel. We generalize results obtained by I. Hirshberg and also by J. Cuntz and A. Vershik. In good cases we show that the C*-algebra that we study is classifiable by Kirchberg's classification theorem, with K-groups equal to K*(C*(G)).
We construct operator systems $\mathfrak C_I$ that are universal in the sense that all operator systems can be realized as their quotients. They satisfy the operator system lifting property. Without relying on the theorem by Kirchberg, we prove the Kirchberg type tensor theorem $$\mathfrak C_I \otimes_{\min} B(H) = \mathfrak C_I \otimes_{\max} B(H).$$ Combining this with a result of Kavruk, we give a new operator system theoretic proof of Kirchberg's theorem and show that Kirchberg's conjecture is equivalent to its operator system analogue $$\mathfrak C_I \otimes_{\min} \mathfrak C_I =\mathfra…
