S. Cuccagna, M. Tarulli
We transpose work by K.Yajima and by T.Mizumachi to prove dispersive and smoothing estimates for dispersive solutions of the linearization at a ground state of a Nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) in 2D. As an application we extend to dimension 2D a result on asymptotic stability of ground states of NLS proved in the literature for all dimensions different from 2.
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We present a new method for obtaining sharp asymptotics of solutions of the defocussing nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation, based on dbar methods and under essentially minimal regularity assumptions on initial data.
In this article we consider the Cauchy problem for the cubic focusing nonlinear Schrö\-dinger (NLS) equation on the line with initial datum close to a particular $N$-soliton. Using inverse scattering and the $\bar{\partial}$ method we establish the decay of the $L^{\infty}$ norm of the residual term in time.
We prove the existence of a 2-parameter family of small quasi-periodic in time solutions of discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation (DNLS). We further show that all small solutions of DNLS decouples to this quasi-periodic solution and dispersive wave.
The authors compute the long-time asymptotics for solutions of the NLS equation just under the assumption that the initial data lies in a weighted Sobolev space. In earlier work (see e.g. [DZ1],[DIZ]) high orders of decay and smoothness are required for the initial data. The method here is a further development of the steepest descent method of [DZ1], and replaces certain absolute type estimates in [DZ1] with cancellation from oscillations.
We prove the nonexistence of ground states for NLS on bridge-like graphs, i.e. graphs with two halflines and four vertices, of which two at infinity, with Kirchhoff matching conditions. By ground state we mean any minimizer of the energy functional among all functions with the same mass.
We revisit the scattering result of Holmer and Roudenko on the radial focusing cubic NLS in three space dimensions. Using the radial Sobolev embedding and a virial/Morawetz estimate, we give a simple proof of scattering below the ground state that avoids the use of concentration compactness.
We revisit the scattering result of Duyckaerts, Holmer, and Roudenko for the non-radial $\dot H^{1/2}$-critical focusing NLS. By proving an interaction Morawetz inequality, we give a simple proof of scattering below the ground state in dimensions $d\geq 3$ that avoids the use of concentration compactness.
We prove orbital stability result for physical ground states of a nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation in the sense that the set of these ground states is contained in the set of prescribed mass solutions which is orbital stable by the Cazenave-Lions theorem. We apply the nonlinear generalized Rayleigh quotients method which allows establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the values of the mass $m$, the frequency $λ$, and the action level $S$ of the physical ground states.
We investigate the existence of ground states for the focusing subcritical NLS energy on metric graphs with localized nonlinearities. In particular, we find two thresholds on the measure of the region where the nonlinearity is localized that imply, respectively, existence or nonexistence of ground states. In order to obtain these results we adapt to the context of metric graphs some classical techniques from the Calculus of Variations.
We transpose work by T.Mizumachi to prove smoothing estimates for dispersive solutions of the linearization at a ground state of a Nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) in 1D. As an application we extend to dimension 1D a result on asymptotic stability of ground states of NLS proved by Cuccagna & Mizumachi for dimensions $\ge 3$
In this paper we generalize a weak sequential result of \cite{fan20182} to any non-scattering solutions in one dimension. No symmetry assumptions are required for the initial data.
We consider a nonlinear Schroedinger equation with a finite bands periodic potential in R . We assume the existence of an orbitally stable family of ground states. We prove that under appropriate hypotheses the ground states are asymptotically stable.
We consider the one-dimensional focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) with a delta potential and even initial data. The problem is equivalent to the solution of the initial/boundary problem for NLS on a half-line with Robin boundary conditions at the origin. We follow the method of Bikbaev and Tarasov which utilizes a Bäcklund transformation to extend the solution on the half-line to a solution of the NLS equation on the whole line. We study the asymptotic stability of the stationary 1-soliton solution of the equation under perturbation by applying the nonlinear steepest-descent method…
We investigate the existence of ground states with prescribed mass for the NLS energy with combined $L^2$-critical and subcritical nonlinearities, on a general non-compact metric graph $\mathcal{G}$. The interplay between the different nonlinearities creates new phenomena with respect to purely critical or subcritical problems on graphs; from a different perspective, topological and metric properties of the underlying graph drastically influence existence and non-existence of ground states with respect to the analogue problem on the real line.
We use the inverse scattering transform, the auto-Backlund transformation and the steepest descent method of Deift and Zhou to obtain the asymptotic stability of the solitons in the cubic NLS (nonlinear Schrodinger) equation.
The paper aims at giving a first insight on the existence/nonexistence of ground states for the $L^2$-critical NLS equation on metric graphs with localized nonlinearity. In particular, we focus on the tadpole graph, which, albeit being a toy model, allows to point out some specific features of the problem, whose understanding will be useful for future investigations.
We consider the one dimensional focusing (cubic) Nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) in the semiclassical limit with exponentially decaying complex-valued initial data, whose phase is multiplied by a real parameter. We prove smooth dependence of the asymptotic solution on the parameter. Numerical results supporting our estimates of important quantities are presented.
Uniqueness of normalized ground states for NLS models
本文提出两种证明NLS等PDE归一化基态唯一性的方法，阐明其核心思想并应用于多类方程，且在相应假设下可推广至其他算子、区域与非线性项。
In this paper we generalize a weak sequential result of \cite{fan20182} to a non-scattering solutions in dimension $d \geq 2$. No symmetry assumptions are required for the initial data. We build on a previous result of \cite{dodson20202} for one dimension.
We study the nature of the Nonlinear Schrödinger equation ground states on the product spaces $\R^n\times M^k$, where $M^k$ is a compact Riemannian manifold. We prove that for small $L^2$ masses the ground states coincide with the corresponding $\R^n$ ground states. We also prove that above a critical mass the ground states have nontrivial $M^k$ dependence. Finally, we address the Cauchy problem issue which transform the variational analysis to dynamical stability results.
The focusing nonlinear Schrodinger equation possesses special non-dispersive solitary type solutions, solitons. Under certain spectral assumptions we show existence and asymptotic stability of solutions with the asymptoic profile (as time goes to infinity) of a linear combination of N non-colliding solitons.
We study the non-scattering $L^{2}$ solution $u$ to the radial mass critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation with mass just above the ground state, and show that there exists a time sequence $\{t_{n}\}_{n}$, such that $u(t_{n})$ weakly converges to the ground state $Q$ up to scaling and phase transformation. We also give some partial results on the mass concentration of the minimal mass blow up solution.
We consider the problem of uniqueness of ground states of prescribed mass for the Nonlinear Schrödinger Energy with power nonlinearity on noncompact metric graphs. We first establish that the Lagrange multiplier appearing in the NLS equation is constant on the set of ground states of mass $μ$, up to an at most countable set of masses. Then we apply this result to obtain uniqueness of ground states on two specific noncompact graphs. Finally we construct a graph that admits at least two ground states with the same mass having different Lagrange multipliers. Our proofs are based on careful variat…
We consider examples of discrete nonlinear Schroedinger equations in Z admitting ground states which are orbitally but not asymptotically stable in l ^2(Z). The ground states contain internal modes which decouple from the continuous modes. The absence of leaking of energy from discrete to continues modes leads to an almost conservation and perpetual oscillation of the discrete modes. This is quite different from what is known for nonlinear Schroedinger equations in eucliedean spaces. We do not investigate connections with work on quasi periodic solutions as in M.Johansson & S.Aubry and of Bamb…
Ground states for the NLS equation with combined nonlinearity on periodic metric graphs
研究周期度量图上非线性薛定谔方程带混合非线性的基态存在性，扩展了同质NLS方程在正方形和蜂窝网格上的结果，并改进了非紧致图上的相关研究。
We analyse the existence and the stability of the ground states of the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a focusing power nonlinearity and a defect located at the origin. In this paper a ground state is defined as a global minimizer of the action functional on the Nehari manifold and the defect considered is a Fülöp-Tsutsui $δ$ type, namely a $δ$ condition that allows discontinuities. The existence of ground states is proved by variational techniques, while the stability results from the Grillakis-Shatah-Strauss theory.
We extend to a specific class of systems of nonlinear Schrödinger equations (NLS) the theory of asymptotic stability of ground states already proved for the scalar NLS. Here the key point is the choice of an adequate system of modulation coordinates and the novelty, compared to the scalar NLS, is the fact that the group of symmetries of the system is non-commutative.
Large-time existence results for the nonlocal NLS around ground state solutions
本文研究非局部非线性 Schrödinger 方程在基态孤子附近的动力学，利用基态附近的双曲动力学证明初始数据接近基态孤子时，解可在大时间内保持接近孤子轨道，并揭示其局部结构稳定性。
We prove that standing-waves solutions to the non-linear Schrödinger equation in dimension one whose profiles can be obtained as minima of the energy over the mass, are orbitally stable and non-degenerate, provided the non-linear term $ G $ satisfies a Euler differential inequality. When the non-linear term $ G $ is a combined pure power-type, then there is only one positive, symmetric minimum of prescribed mass.
We investigate the existence of ground states of prescribed mass, for the nonlinear Schroedinger energy on a noncompact metric graph G. While in some cases the topology of G may rule out or, on the contrary, guarantee the existence of ground states of any given mass, in general also some metric properties of G, and their quantitative relation with the actual value of the prescribed mass, are relevant as concerns the existence of ground states. This may give rise to interesting phase transitions from nonexistence to existence of ground states, when a certain quantity reaches a critical threshol…
Non-Kirchhoff Vertices and NLS Ground States on graphs
本文研究了图上非线性薛定谔方程基态的存在性，重点探讨了具有非平凡相互作用的非基尔霍夫顶点匹配条件，如Dirac delta、delta prime及Fülöp-Tsutsui条件，并回顾和宣布了相关结果。
We consider the minimization of the NLS energy on a metric tree, either rooted or unrooted, subject to a mass constraint. With respect to the same problem on other types of metric graphs, several new features appear, such as the existence of minimizers with positive energy, and the emergence of unexpected threshold phenomena. We also study the problem with a radial symmetry constraint that is in principle different from the free problem due to the failure of the Pólya-Szegő inequality for radial rearrangements. A key role is played by a new Poincaré inequality with remainder.
Existence and non-existence of ground state solutions for magnetic NLS
本文研究一类无界电磁势下 L^2-临界磁非线性薛定谔方程，证明了基态解的存在性与稳定性，并通过构造涡旋型函数给出各向异性调和势下的非存在性结果，推广了已有工作并补充了数值实验。
We investigate the existence of ground states for the subcritical NLS energy on metric graphs. In particular, we find out a topological assumption that guarantees the nonexistence of ground states, and give an example in which the assumption is not fulfilled and ground states actually exist. In order to obtain the result, we introduce a new rearrangement technique, adapted to the graph where it applies. Owing to such a technique, the energy level of the rearranged function is improved by conveniently mixing the symmetric and monotone rearrangement procedures.
The asymptotic stability on the line of ground states of the pure power NLS with $0<|p-3|\ll 1$
本文在 $0<|p-3|\ll 1$ 且空间偶解条件下，通过用带截断的光滑化估计替代第二 virial 不等式，证明了直线上纯幂次 NLS 基态的渐近稳定性。
Equivalence of conditions on initial data below the ground state to NLS with a repulsive inverse power potential
该文研究带排斥逆幂势的非线性薛定谔方程，证明无势情形下基态以下初值条件的等价性，并结合已有径向基态结果，得到带排斥逆幂势径向基态以下的全局适定性与“爆破或增长”结论。
We consider the existence of bound and ground states for a family of nonlinear elliptic systems in $\mathbb{R}^N$, which involves equations with critical power nonlinearities and Hardy-type singular potentials. The equations are coupled by what we call ``Schrödinger-Korteweg-de Vries'' non-symmetric terms, which arise in some phenomena of fluid mechanics. By means of variational methods, ground states are derived for several ranges of the positive coupling parameter $ν$. Moreover, by using min-max arguments, we seek bound states under some energy assumptions.
Non-uniqueness of normalized NLS ground states on polygons with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions
研究非线性薛定谔方程在多边形上齐次Neumann边界条件下的归一化地面态非唯一性，证明在略低于L^2临界指数的非线性幂次下，存在至少一个质量值使地面态不唯一。
We consider the focusing inhomogeneous nonlinear Schrödinger equation \[ i\partial_t u + Δu + |x|^{-b}|u|^αu = 0\quad\text{on}\quad\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}^N, \] with $N\geq 2$, $0<b<\min\{\tfrac{N}{2},2\}$, and $\tfrac{4-2b}{N}<α<\tfrac{4-2b}{N-2}$. These constraints make the equation mass-supercritical and energy-subcritical. We extend the results of Farah-Guzmán and Miao-Murphy-Zheng and prove scattering below the ground state with general initial data.
We consider the Kawahara model and two fourth order semi-linear Schrödinger equations in any spatial dimension. We construct the corresponding normalized ground states, which we rigorously show to be spectrally stable. For the Kawahara model, our results provide a significant extension in parameter space of the current rigorous results. At the same time, we verify and clarify recent numerical simulations of the stability of these solitons. For the fourth order NLS models, we improve upon recent results on stability of very special, explicit solutions in the one dimensional case. Our multidimen…
Global approximation for the cubic NLS with strong magnetic confinement
本文研究三维强磁场三次 NLS，利用时间平均模型构造兼顾长时间渐近与强磁约束收敛的解，并证明小数据修正散射、修正波算子存在及全局误差估计。
We investigate the existence of ground states for the focusing Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation on the infinite three-dimensional cubic grid. We extend the result found for the analogous two-dimensional grid by proving an appropriate Sobolev inequality giving rise to a family of critical Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities that hold for every nonlinearity power from $10/3$ and $6$, namely, from the $L^2$-critical power for the same problem in $\mathbb{R}^3$ to the critical power for the same problem in $\mathbb{R}$. Given the Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality, the problem of the existence of ground st…
We consider the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the critical inverse square potential. We give the first proof of the uniqueness of the ground state solution. Consequently, we obtain a sharp Hardy-Gagliardo-Nirenberg interpolation inequality. Moreover, we provide a complete characterization for the minimal mass blow-up solutions to the time dependent problem.
We study the focusing NLS \begin{align}\label{nls_abstract} i\partial_t u+Δ_{x,y} u=-|u|^αu\tag{NLS} \end{align} on the waveguide manifold $\mathbb{R}^d\times\mathbb{T}$ in the intercritical regime $α\in(\frac{4}{d},\frac{4}{d-1})$. By assuming that the \eqref{nls_abstract} is independent of $y$, it reduces to the focusing intercritical NLS on $\mathbb{R}^d$, which is known to have standing wave and finite time blow-up solutions. Naturally, we ask whether these special solutions with non-trivial $y$-dependence exist. In this paper we give an affirmative answer to this question. To that end, we…
In this paper, we study normalized ground states for the following critical fractional NLS equation with prescribed mass: \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} (-Δ)^{s}u=λu +μ|u|^{q-2}u+|u|^{2_{s}^{\ast}-2}u,&x\in\mathbb{R}^{N}, \int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}u^{2}dx=a^{2},\\ \end{cases} \end{equation*} where $(-Δ)^{s}$ is the fractional Laplacian, $0<s<1$, $N>2s$, $2<q<2_{s}^{\ast}=2N/(N-2s)$ is a fractional critical Sobolev exponent, $a>0$, $μ\in \mathbb{R}$. By using Jeanjean's trick in \cite{Jeanjean}, and the standard method which can be found in \cite{Brezis} to overcome the lack of compactness, we firs…
Local exact controllability of the 1D NLS (subject to zero boundary conditions) with distributed control is shown to hold in a $H^1$--neighbourhood of the nonlinear ground state. The Hilbert Uniqueness Method (HUM), due to J.-L. Lions, is applied to the linear control problem that arises by linearization around the ground state. The application of HUM crucially depends on the spectral properties of the linearized NLS operator which are given in detail.
Asymptotic stability of solitary waves for the $1d$ NLS with an attractive delta potential
本文研究具有吸引 delta 势和质量超临界非线性的 1D NLS 方程，在谱条件下证明所有孤立波的渐近稳定性，推广了先前结果并扩展了轨道稳定性至渐近稳定性。
On the asymptotic stability on the line of ground states of the pure power NLS with $ 0\le 2-p \ll 1 $
该研究延续纯幂次 NLS 基态渐近稳定性工作，在采用 Chang 等人计算所得线性化谱结果的基础上，分析 $p\le 2$ 且充分接近 2 的情形，并针对非线性正则性损失提出新论证。
We consider the Cauchy problem for the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with initial data approaching two different plane waves $A_j\mathrm{e}^{\mathrm{i}ϕ_j}\mathrm{e}^{-2\mathrm{i}B_jx}$, $j=1,2$ as $x\to\pm\infty$. Using Riemann-Hilbert techniques and Deift-Zhou steepest descent arguments, we study the long-time asymptotics of the solution. We detect that each of the cases $B_1<B_2$, $B_1>B_2$, and $B_1=B_2$ deserves a separate analysis. Focusing mainly on the first case, the so-called shock case, we show that there is a wide range of possible asymptotic scenarios. We also propose a …
We consider radial solutions of a mass supercritical monic NLS and we prove the existence of a set, which looks like a hypersurface, in the space of finite energy functions, invariant for the flow and formed by solutions which converge to ground states.
We study solutions of a semilinear elliptic equation with prescribed mass and Dirichlet homogeneous boundary conditions in the unitary ball. Such problem arises in the search of solitary wave solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equations (NLS) with Sobolev subcritical power nonlinearity on bounded domains. Necessary and sufficient conditions are provided for the existence of such solutions. Moreover, we show that standing waves associated to least energy solutions are always orbitally stable when the nonlinearity is L^2-critical and subcritical, while they are almost always stable in the L^2-s…
We investigate the ground states of the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a defect located at a fixed point. The nonlinearity is focusing and consists of a subcritical power. The notion of ground state can be defined in several (often non-equivalent) ways. We define a ground state as a minimizer of the energy functional among the functions endowed with the same mass. This is the physically meaningful definition in the main fields of application of NLS. In this context we prove an abstract theorem that revisits the concentration-compactness method and which is suitable to trea…
Normalized ground states for the NLS equation with combined nonlinearities: the Sobolev critical case
该研究针对全空间ℝ^N上Sobolev临界的带组合幂次非线性项的非线性薛定谔方程，证明了不同类型扰动下归一化基态的存在性、不存在性及稳定性结果，是该领域的首个相关贡献。
Global dynamics below the ground states for NLS under partial harmonic confinement
本文研究部分调和约束下聚焦质量超临界NLS在基态以下的全局动力学，建立了判定解爆破或散射的充要条件，并利用变分刻画、局部化维里估计及轮廓分解证明散射。
We investigate the existence of ground states with prescribed mass for the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with $L^2$-critical power nonlinearity on noncompact quantum graphs. We prove that, unlike the case of the real line, for certain classes of graphs there exist ground states with negative energy for a whole interval of masses. A key role is played by a thorough analysis of Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities and on estimates of the optimal constants. Most of the techniques are new and suited to the investigation of variational problems on metric graphs.
We consider asymptotic stability of a small solitary wave to supercritical 1-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equations $$ iu_t+u_{xx}=Vu\pm |u|^{p-1}u \quad\text{for $(x,t)\in\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}$,}$$ in the energy class. This problem was studied by Gustafson-Nakanishi-Tsai \cite{GNT} in the 3-dimensional case using the endpoint Strichartz estimate. To prove asymptotic stability of solitary waves, we need to show that a dispersive part $v(t,x)$ of a solution belongs to $L^2_t(0,\infty;X)$ for some space $X$. In the 1-dimensional case, this property does not follow from the Strichartz e…
Dynamics of subcritical threshold solutions for the 4d energy-critical NLS
该研究将4维能量临界NLS在基态能量下径向解的动力学结论（动能小于基态动能时要么双向散射要么为异宿轨道）推广至非径向情形。
In this paper, developing a new approach based on Fourier analysis methods for dispersive PDEs, we establish a low regularity NLS approximation for the one-dimensional cubic Klein-Gordon equation. Our main result includes energy class solutions which are formally asymptotically in $L^2(\mathbb{R})$. A precise rate of convergence is also obtained assuming more regularity.
We consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities, where the leading term is an intracritical focusing power-type nonlinearity, and the perturbation is given by a power-type defocusing one. We completely answer the question wether the ground state energy, which is a threshold between global existence and formation of singularities, is achieved. For any prescribed mass, for mass-supercritical or mass-critical defocusing perturbations, the ground state energy is achieved by a radially symmetric and decreasing solution to the associated stationary equation. For mass-subc…
Asymptotic stability of solitons for near-cubic NLS equation with an internal mode
该文研究近立方非线性薛定谔方程的孤波摄动问题，证明小孤波线性化问题存在唯一内模，并在费米黄金定则假设下证得小频率孤波的渐近稳定性。
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