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非线性规范相互作用--量子力学中“测量问题”的解决方案?

Nonlinear gauge interactions - A solution to the "measurement problem" in quantum mechanics?

Johan Hansson

摘要:

我们提出,在量子力学中,引起“波函数坍缩“(或广义上的“退相干”)的机制是通过非阿贝尔规范相互作用已经存在于理论中的非线性。与所有其他自发坍缩模型不同,就我们所知,我们的建议是唯一一个没有在理论中引入任何新元素的建议。事实上,除非规范相互作用非线性不完全用于这一目的,否则人们必须解释为什么它们引入的叠加原理的违反不会破坏量子力学。该模型的一个可能的实验测试将是比较相干长度,例如,双缝实验中的电子和光子。电子应该有一个有限的相干长度,而光子应该有一个更长的(原则上无限)相干长度。

英文摘要:

We propose that the mechanism responsible for the ``collapse of the wave function" (or "decoherence" in its broadest meaning) in quantum mechanics is the nonlinearities already present in the theory via nonabelian gauge interactions. Unlike all other models of spontaneous collapse, our proposal is, to the best of our knowledge, the only one which does not introduce any new elements into the theory. Indeed, unless the gauge interaction nonlinearities are not used for exactly this purpose, one must then explain why the violation of the superposition principle which they introduce does not destroy quantum mechanics. A possible experimental test of the model would be to compare the coherence lengths for, e.g., electrons and photons in a double-slit experiment. The electrons should have a finite coherence length, while photons should have a much longer (in principle infinite) coherence length.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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