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arXiv 1106.4510quant-phmath-phmath.MPnlin.SI
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量子力学中的非线性边界

Nonlinear Boundaries in Quantum Mechanics

Arthur Davidson

摘要:

基于经验证据,量子系统似乎是严格线性的和规范不变的。本文用简明的数学方法证明了一维环上的量子本征值方程既可以是规范不变的,也可以是线性边界条件的,但不能同时满足这两个条件。进一步的分析表明,非线性边界的环恢复规范不变性,但意外地导致本征函数与连续的本征值谱,其中一个离散的子集形成一个希尔伯特空间的能带。这个希尔伯特空间保持了本征函数的叠加原理,尽管是非线性的。动量算符仍然是厄米算符。如果物理实在要求规范不变性,那么量子力学似乎应该包含这些非线性边界条件。

英文摘要:

Based on empirical evidence, quantum systems appear to be strictly linear and gauge invariant. This work uses concise mathematics to show that quantum eigenvalue equations on a one dimensional ring can either be gauge invariant or have a linear boundary condition, but not both. Further analysis shows that non-linear boundaries for the ring restore gauge invariance but lead unexpectedly to eigenfunctions with a continuous eigenvalue spectrum, a discreet subset of which forms a Hilbert space with energy bands. This Hilbert space maintains the principle of superposition of eigenfunctions despite the nonlinearity. The momentum operator remains Hermitian. If physical reality requires gauge invariance, it would appear that quantum mechanics should incorporate these nonlinear boundary conditions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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