We describe a category, the objects of which may be viewed as models for homotopy theories. We show that for such models, ``functors between two homotopy theories form a homotopy theory'', or more precisely that the category of such models has a well-behaved internal hom-object.
Given any model category, or more generally any category with weak equivalences, its simplicial localization is a simplicial category which can rightfully be called the "homotopy theory" of the model category. There is a model category structure on the category of simplicial categories, so taking its simplicial localization yields a "homotopy theory of homotopy theories." In this paper we show that there are two different categories of diagrams of simplicial sets, each equipped with an appropriate definition of weak equivalence, such that the resulting homotopy theories are each equivalent to …
We define a homotopy relation between arrows of a category with weak equivalences, and give a condition under which the quotient by the homotopy relation yields the homotopy category. In the case of the fibrant-cofibrant objects of a model category this condition holds, and we show that our notion of homotopy coincides with the classical one. We also show that Quillen's construction of the homotopy category of a model category, in which the arrows are homotopical classes of a single arrow between fibrant-cofibrant objects, can be made as well for categories with weak equivalences using this no…
We construct a cofibrantly generated model structure on the category of flows such that any flow is fibrant and such that two cofibrant flows are homotopy equivalent for this model structure if and only if they are S-homotopy equivalent. This result provides an interpretation of the notion of S-homotopy equivalence in the framework of model categories.
This paper is a generalization of arXiv:0810.0808. We develop the de Rham homotopy theory of not necessarily nilpotent spaces, using closed dg-categories and equivariant dg-algebras. We see these two algebraic objects correspond in a certain way. We prove an equivalence between the homotopy category of schematic homotopy types and a homotopy category of closed dg-categories. We give a description of homotopy invariants of spaces in terms of minimal models. The minimal model in this context behaves much like the Sullivan's minimal model. We also provide some examples. We prove an equivalence be…
For a Hopf DG-algebra corresponding to a derived algebraic group, we compute the homotopy limit of the associated cosimplicial system of DG-algebras given by the classifying space construction. The homotopy limit is taken in the model category of DG-categories. The objects of the resulting DG-category are Maurer-Cartan elements of $\operatorname{Cobar}(A)$, or 1-dimensional $A_\infty$-comodules over $A$. These can be viewed as characters up to homotopy of the corresponding derived group. Their tensor product is interpreted in terms of Kadeishvili's multibraces. We also study the coderived cate…
We show that the categories PsTop and Lim of pseudotopological spaces and limit spaces, respectively, admit cofibration category structures, and that PsTop admits a model category structure, giving several ways to simultaneously study the homotopy theory of classical topological spaces, combinatorial spaces such as graphs and matroids, and metric spaces endowed with a privileged scale, in addition to spaces of maps between them. In the process, we give a sufficient condition for a topological construct which contains compactly generated Hausdorff spaces as a subcategory to admit an $I$-categor…
This paper is part of a series of papers about homotopy theory of strict $n$-categories. In the first paper of this series, we gave conditions that guarantee the existence of a Thomason model category structure on the category of strict $n$-categories. The main goal of our paper is to show one of these conditions. To do so, we associate to any simplicial complex a strict $\infty$-category generated by a computad. We conjecture that this $\infty$-category has the same homotopy type as the corresponding simplicial complex and we prove this conjecture when the simplicial complex comes from a pose…
We lift Charles Rezk's complete Segal space model structure on the category of simplicial spaces to a Quillen equivalent one on the category of relative categories.
In this paper, we investigate the Quillen model structure defined by Bisson and Tsemo in the category of directed graphs Gph. In particular, we give a precise description of the homotopy category of graphs associated to this model structure. We endow the categories of N-sets and Z-sets with related model structures, and show that their homotopy categories are Quillen equivalent to the homotopy category Ho(Gph). This enables us to show that Ho(Gph) is equivalent to the category cZSet of periodic Z-sets, and to show that two finite directed graphs are almost-isospectral if and only if they are h…
Let $\mathcal C$ be a $\mathcal V$-enriched model category. We say that an object $x$ of $\mathcal C$ is homotopy tiny if the total right derived functor of $\mathcal C(x, -) : \mathcal{C} \rightarrow {\mathcal V}$ preserves homotopy weighted colimits. Let $\mathcal C_0$ be a full subcategory of $\mathcal C$ all of whose objects are homotopy tiny. Our main result says that the homotopy category of the category generated by $\mathcal C_0$ under weak equivalences and homotopy weighted colimits is equivalent to the homotopy category of the category $\mathcal V^{\mathcal C_0^{op}}$ of $\mathcal V$…
Let $D$ be a large category which is cocomplete. We construct a model structure (in the sense of Quillen) on the category of small functors from $D$ to simplicial sets. As an application we construct homotopy localization functors on the category of simplicial sets which satisfy a stronger universal property than the customary homotopy localization functors do.
We study Quillen model categories equipped with a monoidal skew closed structure that descends to a genuine monoidal closed structure on the homotopy category. Our examples are 2-categorical and include permutative categories and bicategories. Using the skew framework, we adapt Eilenberg and Kelly's theorem relating monoidal and closed structure to the homotopical setting. This is applied to the construction of monoidal bicategories arising from the pseudo-commutative 2-monads of Hyland and Power.
Let $R$ be any ring with identity. We show that the homotopy category of all acyclic chain complexes of pure-projective $R$-modules is a compactly generated triangulated category. We do this by constructing abelian model structures that put this homotopy category into a recollement with two other compactly generated triangulated categories: The usual derived category of $R$ and the pure derived category of $R$. This also gives a new model for the derived category.
One proves that the category of globular CW-complexes up to dihomotopy is equivalent to the category of flows up to weak dihomotopy. This theorem generalizes the classical theorem which states that the category of CW-complexes up to homotopy is equivalent to the category of topological spaces up to weak homotopy. This note is the second one presenting some of the results of math.AT/0201252.
For a small simplicial category A, we prove that the homotopy colimit functor from the category of simplicial diagrams on A to the category of simplicial sets over the homotopy-coherent nerve of A provides a left Quillen equivalence between the projective model structure on the former category and the covariant model structure on the latter. We compare this Quillen equivalence to the straightening-unstraightening equivalence previously established by Lurie, where the left adjoint goes in the opposite direction. The existence of left Quillen functors in both directions considerably simplifies t…
We show that any closed model category of simplicial algebras over an algebraic theory is Quillen equivalent to a proper closed model category. By ``simplicial algebra'' we mean any category of algebras over a simplicial algebraic theory, which is allowed to be multi-sorted. The results have applications to the construction of localization model category structures.
In this paper we construct a cofibrantly generated model category structure on the category of all small symmetric multicategories enriched in simplicial sets.
We prove that the category of dg-modules and dg-algebras in a Grothendieck quasi-abelian category are endowed with a Quillen model structure. This allows some flexibility in setting up a theory of derived algebraic geometry in the infinite dimensional setting. For example, the category of complete bornological vector spaces, or equivalently, convenient vector spaces, is a Grothendieck quasi-abelian category. Closely related is the Grothendieck quasi-abelian category of ind-Banach spaces whose associated model category is shown to be Quillen equivalent. Applications include the Chevalley-Eilenb…
We define a notion of groupoidal 2-quasi-categories and show that they are the fibrant objects of a model structure on the category of $Θ_2$-sets. We show that this model category is Quillen equivalent to the Kan-Quillen model category of simplicial sets and that 2-truncated groupoidal 2-quasi-categories are models for homotopy 2-types.
The category of (colored) props is an enhancement of the category of colored operads, and thus of the category of small categories. In this paper, the second in a series on "higher props," we show that the category of all small colored simplicial props admits a cofibrantly generated model category structure. With this model structure, the forgetful functor from props to operads is a right Quillen functor.
This paper studies the homotopy theory of algebras and homotopy algebras over an operad. It provides an exhaustive description of their higher homotopical properties using the more general notion of morphisms called infinity-morphisms. The method consists in using the operadic calculus to endow the category of coalgebras over the Koszul dual cooperad or the bar construction with a new type of model category structure, Quillen equivalent to that of algebras. We provide an explicit homotopy equivalence for infinity-morphisms, which gives a simple description of the homotopy category, and we endo…
This work contributes to clarifying several relationships between certain higher categorical structures and the homotopy types of their classifying spaces. Double categories (Ehresmann, 1963) have well-understood geometric realizations, and here we deal with homotopy types represented by double groupoids satisfying a natural `filling condition'. Any such double groupoid characteristically has associated to it `homotopy groups', which are defined using only its algebraic structure. Thus arises the notion of `weak equivalence' between such double groupoids, and a corresponding `homotopy category…
Over suitable monoidal model categories, we construct a Dwyer-Kan model category structure on the category of algebras over an augmented operadic collection. As examples we obtain Dwyer-Kan model category structure on the categories of enriched wheeled props, wheeled properads, and wheeled operads, among others. This result extends known model category structure on the categories of operads, properads, and props enriched in simplicial sets and other monoidal model categories. We also show that our Dwyer-Kan model category structure is well behaved with respect to simultaneous changes of the un…
The homotopy theory of infinity-operads is defined by extending Joyal's homotopy theory of infinity-categories to the category of dendroidal sets. We prove that the category of dendroidal sets is endowed with a model category structure whose fibrant objects are the infinity-operads (i.e. dendroidal inner Kan complexes). This extends the theory of infinity-categories in the sense that the Joyal model category structure on simplicial sets whose fibrant objects are the infinity-categories is recovered from the model category structure on dendroidal sets by simply slicing over the point.
In this paper we show that both the homotopy category of strict $n$-categories, $1\leqslant n \leqslant \infty$, and the homotopy category of Steiner's augmented directed complexes are equivalent to the category of homotopy types. In order to do so, we first prove an abstract result, based on a strategy of Fritsch and Latch, giving sufficient conditions for a nerve functor with values in simplicial sets to induce an equivalence at the level of homotopy categories. We then apply this result to strict $n$-categories and augmented directed complexes, for which the hypothesis of our theorem were e…
The category of simplicial R-coalgebras over a presheaf of commutative unital rings on a small Grothendieck site is endowed with a left proper, simplicial, cofibrantly generated model category structure where the weak equivalences are the local weak equivalences of the underlying simplicial presheaves. This model category is naturally linked to the R-local homotopy theory of simplicial presheaves and the homotopy theory of simplicial R-modules by Quillen adjunctions. We study the comparison with the R-local homotopy category of simplicial presheaves in the special case where R is a presheaf of…
Directed Algebraic Topology is beginning to emerge from various applications. The basic structure we shall use for such a theory, a 'd-space', is a topological space equipped with a family of 'directed paths', closed under some operations. This allows for 'directed homotopies', generally non reversible, represented by a cylinder and cocylinder functors. The existence of 'pastings' (colimits) yields a geometric realisation of cubical sets as d-spaces, together with homotopy constructs which will be developed in a sequel. Here, the 'fundamental category' of a d-space is introduced and a 'Seifert…
We prove that any homotopy type can be recovered canonically from its associated weak omega-groupoid. This implies that the homotopy category of CW-complexes can be embedded in the homotopy category of Batanin's weak higher groupoids.
Given a small category C, we show that there is a universal way of expanding C into a model category, essentially by formally adjoining homotopy colimits. The technique of localization becomes a method for imposing `relations' into these universal gadgets. The paper develops this formalism and discusses various applications, for instance to the study of homotopy colimits, the Dwyer-Kan theory of framings, and to the homotopy theory of schemes.
It is known that the existence of localization with respect to an arbitrary (possibly proper) class of maps in the category of simplicial sets is implied by a large-cardinal axiom called Vopenka's principle.In this article we extend the validity of this result to any left proper, combinatorial, simplicial model category $\cat M$ and show that, under additional assumptions on $\cat M$, every homotopy idempotent functor is in fact a localization with respect to some set of maps. These results are valid for the homotopy category of spectra, among other applications.
If a Quillen model category can be specified using a certain logical syntax (intuitively, ``is algebraic/combinatorial enough''), so that it can be defined in any category of sheaves, then the satisfaction of Quillen's axioms over any site is a purely formal consequence of their being satisfied over the category of sets. Such data give rise to a functor from the category of topoi and geometric morphisms to Quillen model categories and Quillen adjunctions.
We prove that the homotopy prederivator of a cofibration category is equivalent to the homotopy prederivator of its associated quasi-category of frames, as introduced by Szumiło. We use this comparison result to deduce various abstract properties of the obtained prederivators.
We call product generator of an additive category a fixed object satisfying the property that every other object is a direct factor of a product of copies of it. In this paper we start with an additive category with products and images, e.g. a module category, and we are concerned with the homotopy category of complexes with entries in that additive category. We prove that Brown representability theorem is valid for the dual of the homotopy category if and only if the initial additive category has a product generator.
We consider four categories: the category of diagrams of small categories indexed by a given small category O, the (comma) category of small categories over O, the category of diagrams of simplicial sets indexed by O, and the category of simplicial sets over the nerve of O. Fritsch and Golasinski claimed that these four categories have equivalent homotopy categories but, in fact, their proof contains an error and the homotopy categories are not equivalent with the weak equivalences they use in the comma categories. We show here that the correct weak equivalences are the ``weak fibre homotopy e…
We propose a generalization of Sullivan's de Rham homotopy theory to non-simply connected spaces. The formulation is such that the real homotopy type of a manifold should be the closed tensor dg-category of flat bundles on it much the same as the real homotopy type of a simply connected manifold is the de Rham algebra in original Sullivan's theory. We prove the existence of a model category structure on the category of small closed tensor dg-categories and as a most simple case, confirm an equivalence between the homotopy category of spaces whose fundamental groups are finite and whose higher …
We introduce, for every positive integer n, the notion of an n-relative category and show that the category of the small n-relative categories is a model for the homotopy theory of n-fold homotopy theories, i.e. homotopy theories of ... of homotopy theories.
We develop a localisation theory for certain categories, yielding a 3-arrow calculus: Every morphism in the localisation is represented by a diagram of length 3, and two such diagrams represent the same morphism if and only if they can be embedded in a 3-by-3 diagram in an appropriate way. The methods to construct this localisation are similar to the Ore localisation for a 2-arrow calculus; in particular, we do not have to use zigzags of arbitrary length. Applications include the localisation of an arbitrary model category with respect to its weak equivalences as well as the localisation of it…
This is an expository paper providing an overview of the unstable motivic homotopy category using the theory of $(\infty,1)$-categories. In this paper, we examine two constructions in the literature and discuss their equivalence.
We introduce and study a notion of cylinder coherator similar to the notion of Grothendieck coherator which define more flexible notion of weak infinity groupoids. We show that each such cylinder coherator produces a combinatorial semi-model category of weak infinity groupoids, whose objects are all fibrant and which is in a precise sense "freely generated by an object". We show that all those semi model categories are Quillen equivalent together and Quillen to the model category of spaces. A general procedure is given to produce such coherator, and several explicit examples are presented: one…
We define Homotopy quantum field theories (HQFT) as Topological quantum field theories (TQFT) for manifolds endowed with extra structure in the form of a map into some background space X. We also build the category of homotopy cobordisms HCobord(n,X) such that an HQFT is a functor from this category into a category of linear spaces. We then derive some very general properties of HCobord}(n,X), including the fact that it only depends on the (n+1)-homotopy type of X. We also prove that an HQFT with target space X and in dimension n+1 implies the existence of geometrical structures in X; in parti…
In this article we study thick ideals defined by periodic self maps in the stable motivic homotopy category over $\mathbb{C}$. In addition, we extend some results of Ruth Joachimi about the relation between thick ideals defined by motivic Morava K-theories and the preimages of the thick ideals in the stable homotopy category under Betti realization.
We construct a "diagonal" cofibrantly generated model structre on the category of simplicial objects in the category of topological categories sCat_{Top}, which is the category of diagrams [Δ^{op}, Cat_{Top}]. Moreover, we prove that the diagonal model structures is left proper and cellular. We also prove that the category of \infty-groupoids (the full subcategory of topological categories) has a cofibrantly generated model structure and is Quillen equivalent to the model category of simplicial sets, which proves the Grothendieck's homotopy hypothesis.
We study the spectrum of prime ideals in the tensor-triangulated category of compact equivariant spectra over a finite group. We completely describe this spectrum as a set for all finite groups. We also make significant progress in determining its topology and obtain a complete answer for groups of square-free order. For general finite groups, we describe the topology up to an unresolved indeterminacy, which we reduce to the case of p-groups. We then translate the remaining unresolved question into a new chromatic blue-shift phenomenon for Tate cohomology. Finally, we draw conclusions on the c…
Let $R$ be a ring and Ch($R$) the category of chain complexes of $R$-modules. We put an abelian model structure on Ch($R$) whose homotopy category is equivalent to $K(Proj)$, the homotopy category of all complexes of projectives. However, the cofibrant objects are not complexes of projectives, but rather all complexes of flat modules. The trivial objects are what Positselski calls contraacyclic complexes and so the homotopy category coincides with his contraderived category. We in fact construct this model on the category of chain complexes of quasi-coherent sheaves on any scheme $X$ admitting…
Evidence is given for the correctness of the Joyal-Riehl-Verity construction of the homotopy bicategory of the $(\infty, 2)$-category of $(\infty, 1)$-categories; in particular, it is shown that the analogous construction using complete Segal spaces instead of quasicategories yields a bicategorically equivalent 2-category.
We show that the category of presheaves of simplicial groupoids on a site $\mathcal{C}$ is a right proper simplicial model category. We define $G$-torsor of presheaf of 2-groupoids $G$, presheaf of simplicial groups $G$ and presheaf of simplicial groupoids $G$ on a site $\mathcal{C}$ and classify $G$-torsors by the homotopy classes $[\ast, \bar{W}G]$.
Over a monoidal model category, under some mild assumptions, we equip the categories of colored PROPs and their algebras with projective model category structures. A Boardman-Vogt style homotopy invariance result about algebras over cofibrant colored PROPs is proved. As an example, we define homotopy topological conformal field theories and observe that such structures are homotopy invariant.
We show that every small homotopy functor from spectra to spectra is weakly equivalent to a filtered colimit of representable functors represented in cofibrant spectra. Moreover, we present this classification as a Quillen equivalence of the category of small functors from spectra to spectra equipped with the homotopy model structure and the opposite of the pro-category of spectra with the strict model structure.
We study 2-monads and their algebras using a Cat-enriched version of Quillen model categories, emphasizing the parallels between the homotopical and 2-categorical points of view. Every 2-category with finite limits and colimits has a canonical model structure in which the weak equivalences are the equivalences; we use these to construct more interesting model structures on 2-categories, including a model structure on the 2-category of algebras for a 2-monad T, and a model structure on a 2-category of 2-monads on a fixed 2-category K.
We construct models for the motivic homotopy category based on simplicial functors from smooth schemes over a field to simplicial sets. These spaces are homotopy invariant and therefore one does not have to invert the affine line in order to get a model for the motivic homotopy category.
We consider a theory of centers and homotopy centers of monoids in monoidal categories which themselves are enriched in duoidal categories. Duoidal categories (introduced by Aguillar and Mahajan under the name 2-monoidal categories) are categories with two monoidal structures which are related by some, not necessary invertible, coherence morphisms. Centers of monoids in this sense include many examples which are not `classical.' In particular, the 2-category of categories is an example of a center in our sense. Examples of homotopy center (analogue of the classical Hochschild complex) include …
A functor is constructed from the category of globular CW-complexes to that of flows. It allows the comparison of the S-homotopy equivalences (resp. the T-homotopy equivalences) of globular complexes with the S-homotopy equivalences (resp. the T-homotopy equivalences) of flows. Moreover, it is proved that this functor induces an equivalence of categories from the localization of the category of globular CW-complexes with respect to S-homotopy equivalences to the localization of the category of flows with respect to weak S-homotopy equivalences. As an application, we construct the underlying ho…
In this paper we study the global structure of the stable homotopy theory of spectra. We establish criteria for when the homotopy theory associated to a given stable model category agrees with the classical stable homotopy theory of spectra. One sufficient condition is that the associated homotopy category is equivalent to the stable homotopy category as a triangulated category with an action of the ring of stable homotopy groups of spheres. In other words, the classical stable homotopy theory, with all of its higher order information, is determined by the homotopy category as a triangulated c…
We investigate a new case of rigidity in stable homotopy theory which is the rigidity of the $K(1)$-local stable homotopy category $\mathrm{Ho}(L_{K(1)}\mathrm{Sp})$ at $p=2$. In other words, we show that recovering higher homotopy information by just looking at the triangulated structure of $\mathrm{Ho}(L_{K(1)}\mathrm{Sp})$ is possible, which is a property that only few interesting stable model categories are known to possess.
In paper arXiv:1406.1744, we constructed a symmetric monoidal category $LIE^{MC}$ whose objects are shifted (and filtered) L-infinity algebras. Here, we fix a cooperad $C$ and show that algebras over the operad $Cobar(C)$ naturally form a category enriched over $LIE^{MC}$. Following arXiv:1406.1744, we "integrate" this $LIE^{MC}$-enriched category to a simplicial category $HoAlg^Δ_C$ whose mapping spaces are Kan complexes. The simplicial category $HoAlg^Δ_C$ gives us a particularly nice model of an $(\infty,1)$-category of $Cobar(C)$-algebras. We show that the homotopy category of $HoAlg^Δ_C$ …