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径向三维立方非线性Schroedinger方程散射的一个尖锐条件

A sharp condition for scattering of the radial 3d cubic nonlinear Schroedinger equation

Justin Holmer, Svetlana Roudenko

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摘要：

考虑了聚焦三维三次非线性薛定谔方程（NLS）$i\partial_t u + Δu + |u|^2u=0$的径向有限能量$H^1$（finite energy）解散射，即线性薛定谔方程的解近似为$t\to \pm \infty$的尖锐判据的确定问题.该准则用标度不变量$\|u_0\|_{L^2}\|\nabla u_0\|_{L^2}$和$M[u]E[u]$表示，其中$u_0$表示初始数据，而$M[u]$和$E[u]$表示相应解$u(t)$的（时间上守恒的）质量和能量。聚焦NLS具有孤子解$e^{it}Q(x)$，其中$Q$是非线性椭圆方程的基态解，并且证明了如果$M[u]E[u]<M[Q]E[Q]$和$\|u_0\|_{L^2}\|\nabla u_0\|_{L^2} < \|Q\|_{L^2}\|\nabla Q\|_{L^2}$满足，则解$u(t)$是全局适定的且是散射的.这个条件是尖锐的意义上的孤子解决方案$e^{it}Q(x)$，其中在这些条件中获得的平等，是全球性的，但不分散。进一步证明了如果$M[u]E[u]<M[Q]E[Q]$和$\|u_0\|_{L^2}\|\nabla u_0\|_{L^2} > \|Q\|_{L^2}\|\nabla Q\|_{L^2}$满足，则解在有限时间内爆破.所采用的技术与Kenig-Merle \cite{KM06a}在研究能量临界NLS时所采用的技术是平行的。

英文摘要：

We consider the problem of identifying sharp criteria under which radial $H^1$ (finite energy) solutions to the focusing 3d cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) $i\partial_t u + Δu + |u|^2u=0$ scatter, i.e. approach the solution to a linear Schrödinger equation as $t\to \pm \infty$. The criteria is expressed in terms of the scale-invariant quantities $\|u_0\|_{L^2}\|\nabla u_0\|_{L^2}$ and $M[u]E[u]$, where $u_0$ denotes the initial data, and $M[u]$ and $E[u]$ denote the (conserved in time) mass and energy of the corresponding solution $u(t)$. The focusing NLS possesses a soliton solution $e^{it}Q(x)$, where $Q$ is the ground-state solution to a nonlinear elliptic equation, and we prove that if $M[u]E[u]<M[Q]E[Q]$ and $\|u_0\|_{L^2}\|\nabla u_0\|_{L^2} < \|Q\|_{L^2}\|\nabla Q\|_{L^2}$, then the solution $u(t)$ is globally well-posed and scatters. This condition is sharp in the sense that the soliton solution $e^{it}Q(x)$, for which equality in these conditions is obtained, is global but does not scatter. We further show that if $M[u]E[u]<M[Q]E[Q]$ and $\|u_0\|_{L^2}\|\nabla u_0\|_{L^2} > \|Q\|_{L^2}\|\nabla Q\|_{L^2}$, then the solution blows-up in finite time. The technique employed is parallel to that employed by Kenig-Merle \cite{KM06a} in their study of the energy-critical NLS.

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