JongHae Keum
Kollár's conjecture states that a complex projective surface $S$ with quotient singularities and with $H^2(S,\bbQ)\cong \bbQ$ should be rational if its smooth part $S^0$ is simply connected. We confirm the conjecture under the additional condition that the exceptional divisor in a minimal resolution of $S$ has at most 3 components over each singular point of $S$.
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In their 2012 paper, Bobadilla and Kollár studied topological conditions which guarantee that a proper map of complex algebraic varieties is a topological or differentiable fibration. They also asked whether a certain finiteness property on the relative covering space can imply that a proper map is a fibration. In this paper, we answer positively the integral homology version of their question in the case of abelian varieties, and the rational homology version in the case of compact ball quotients. We also propose several conjectures in relation to the Singer-Hopf conjecture in the complex pro…
We prove a conjecture of Kollar and Larsen on Zariski closed subgroups of $GL(V)$ which act irreducibly on some symmetric power $Sym^{k}(V)$ with $k \geq 4$. This conjecture has interesting implications, in particular on the holonomy group of a stable vector bundle on a smooth projective variety, as shown by the recent work of Balaji and Kollar.
In this article we prove a result comparing rationality of algebraic cycles over the function field of a projective homogeneous variety under a linear algebraic group of type $F_4$ or $E_8$ and over the base field, which can be of any characteristic.
We prove the rationality and irreducibility of the moduli space of---what we call---the endomorphism-general instanton vector bundles of arbitrary rank on the projective space. In particular, we deduce the rationality of the moduli spaces of rank-two mathematical instantons. This problem was first studied by Hartshorne, Hirschowitz-Narasimhan in the late 1970s, and it has been reiterated within the framework of the ICM 2018.
Non stable rationality of projective approximations for classifying spaces
本文研究分类空间射影逼近的非稳定有理性，借助 Benoit-Ottem 新不变量与经典非分歧上同调构造了大量反例。
We establish the Noether inequality for projective $3$-folds. More precisely, we prove that the inequality $${\rm vol}(X)\geq \tfrac{4}{3}p_g(X)-{\tfrac{10}{3}}$$ holds for all projective $3$-folds $X$ of general type with either $p_g(X)\leq 4$ or $p_g(X)\geq 21$, where $p_g(X)$ is the geometric genus and ${\rm vol}(X)$ is the canonical volume. This inequality is optimal due to known examples found by M. Kobayashi in 1992.
Euler characteristics of Kollár-hyperbolic varieties
该研究提出Kollár双曲簇的V-双曲性猜想，证明其满足Gromov型零化定理与欧拉示性数相关不等式，并验证了两类典型例子满足V-双曲性。
The main aim of this article is to show that a very general 3-dimensional del Pezzo fibration of degree 1,2,3 is not stably rational except for a del Pezzo fibration of degree 3 belonging to explicitly described 2 families. Higher dimensional generalizations are also discussed and we prove that a very general del Pezzo fibration of degree 1,2,3 defined over the projective space is not stably rational provided that the anticanonical divisor is not ample.
The main aim of this paper is to show that a cyclic cover of $\mathbb{P}^n$ branched along a very general divisor of degree $d$ is not stably rational provided that $n \ge 3$ and $d \ge n+1$. This generalizes the result of Colliot-Thélène and Pirutka. Generalizations for cyclic covers over complete intersections and applications to suitable Fano manifolds are also discussed.
We give a proof of the openness conjecture of Demailly and Kollár for positively curved singular metrics on ample line bundles over projective varieties. As a corollary it follows that the openness conjecture for plurisubharmonic functions with isolated sigularities holds.
We study rationality properties of quadric surface bundles over the projective plane. We exhibit families of smooth projective complex fourfolds of this type over connected bases, containing both rational and non-rational fibers.
The Pandharipande-Thomas rationality conjecture for superpositive curve classes on projective complex 3-manifolds
本文通过第二作者发展的阿贝尔范畴枚举不变量理论和墙交叉公式，证明了对于射影复三维流形上的超正曲线类，带后代插入的Pandharipande-Thomas不变量生成函数的理性和极点猜想。
We exhibit families of smooth projective threefolds with both stably rational and non stably rational fibers.
Kollár gave a series of examples of rational surfaces of Picard number $1$ with ample canonical divisor having cyclic singularities. In this paper, we construct several series of new examples in a geometric way, i.e., by blowing up several times inside a configuration of curves on the projective plane and then by contracting chains of rational curves. One series of our examples have the same singularities as Kollár's examples.
We prove a general specialization theorem which implies stable irrationality for a wide class of quadric surface bundles over rational surfaces. As an application, we solve with the exception of two cases, the stable rationality problem for any very general complex projective quadric surface bundle over the projective plane, given by a symmetric matrix of homogeneous polynomials. Both exceptions degenerate over a plane sextic curve and the corresponding double cover is a K3 surface.
Kollár introduced in [Ko08] the surfaces $$(x_1^{a_1}x_2+x_2^{a_2}x_3+x_3^{a_3}x_4+x_4^{a_4}x_1=0)\subset \mathbb{P}(w_1,w_2,w_3,w_4)$$ where $w_i=W_i/w^*$, $W_i=a_{i+1}a_{i+2}a_{i+3}-a_{i+2}a_{i+3}+a_{i+3}-1$, and $w^*=$gcd$(W_1,\ldots,W_4)$. The aim was to give many interesting examples of $\mathbb{Q}$-homology projective planes. They occur when $w^*=1$. For that case, we prove that Kollár surfaces are Hwang-Keum [HK12] surfaces. For $w^*>1$, we construct a geometrically explicit birational map between Kollár surfaces and cyclic covers $z^{w^*}=l_1^{a_2 a_3 a_4} l_2^{-a_3 a_4} l_3^{a_4} l_4^…
A limit of rational varieties need not be rational, even if all varieties in the family are projective and have at most terminal singularities.
We expand the existing arsenal of methods for exploring the irreducible components of the varieties $Rep(A,\bold d)$ which parametrize the representations with dimension vector $\bold d$ of a finite dimensional algebra $A$. To do so, we move back and forth between $Rep(A,\bold d)$ and a projective variety, $GRASS(A,\bold d)$, parametrizing the same set of isomorphism classes of modules. In particular, we show the irreducible components to be accessible in a highly compressed format within the projective setting. Our results include necessary and sufficient conditions for unirationality, smooth…
On Stable Rationality of Polytopes
本文证明一大类多面体在包含关系下保持非稳定有理性，并据此提出组合策略，改进了特征 0 下射影空间非稳定有理超曲面的界。
Rationality and categorical properties of the moduli of instanton bundles on the projective 3-space
本文证明了射影3空间上任意秩和荷的数学瞬子丛模空间的有理性与不可约性，并揭示其构成幺半范畴，基于Barth-Hulek monad构造与Hirzebruch曲面稳定丛模空间分析。
Let $\Bbbk$ be a field of characteristic zero and $G$ be a finite group of automorphisms of projective plane over $\Bbbk$. Castelnuovo's criterion implies that the quotient of projective plane by $G$ is rational if the field $\Bbbk$ is algebraically closed. In this paper we prove that $\mathbb{P}^2_{\Bbbk} / G$ is rational for an arbitrary field $\Bbbk$ of characteristic zero.
We prove that in a family of projective threefolds defined over an algebraically closed field, the locus of rational fibers is a countable union of closed subsets of the locus of separably rationally connected fibers. When the ground field has characteristic zero, this implies that the locus of rational fibers in a smooth family of projective threefolds is the union of at most countably many closed subfamilies.
Rationality of forms of $\overline{\mathcal M}_{0,n}$
研究射影直线上点模空间在置换扭转下的等变几何与有理性，证明其有理性质。
We show that rationality does not specialize in flat projective families of complex fourfolds with terminal singularities. This answers a question of Totaro, who established the analogous result in all dimensions greater than 4.
$L^2$-vanishing theorem and a conjecture of Kollár
本文在基本群为线性的条件下证明了Kollár关于光滑复射影簇欧拉示性数非负的猜想，通过建立更强的$L^2$消没定理，利用线性Shafarevich猜想与解析方法完成证明。
Recently Johnson and Kollár determined the complete list of anticanonically embedded quasi smooth log del Pezzo surfaces in weighted projective 3-spaces. They also proved that many of those surfaces admit a Kähler-Einstein metric, and that some of them do not have tigers. The aim of this paper is to settle the question of the existence of Kähler-Einstein metrics and tigers for those surfaces for which the question was still open. In order to do so, we will use techniques developed earlier by Nadel and Demailly and Kollár.
Parametric Cartan theory of exterior differential systems, and explicit cohomology of projective manifolds reveal united rationality features of differential algebraic geometry.
Orlov's rationality conjecture for surfaces
本文证明了复数域上拥有线丛完全例外集合的光滑射影曲面必为有理曲面，从而验证了 Orlov 猜想在曲面情形的成立。
We show that there is a pair of smooth complex quartic K3 surfaces $S_1$ and $S_2$ in ${\mathbf P}^3$ such that $S_1$ and $S_2$ are isomorphic as abstract varieties but not Cremona isomorphic. We also show, in a geometrically explicit way, that there is a pair of smooth complex quartic K3 surfaces $S_1$ and $S_2$ in ${\mathbf P}^3$ such that $S_1$ and $S_2$ are Cremona isomorphic, but not projectively isomorphic. This work is much motivated by several e-mails from Professors Tuyen Truong and János Kollár.
We prove that the moduli spaces of framed bundles over a smooth projective curve are rational. We compute the Brauer group of these moduli spaces to be zero under some assumption on the stability parameter.
We prove that a complete intersection of $c$ very general hypersurfaces of degree at least two in $N$-dimensional complex projective space is not ruled (and therefore not rational) provided that the sum of the degrees of the hypersurfaces is at least $\tfrac{2}{3} N + c + 1$. To this end we consider a degeneration to positive characteristic, following Kollár. Our argument does not require a resolution of the singularities of the special fiber of the degeneration. It relies on a generalization of Kollár's "algebraic Morse lemma" that controls the dimensions of the second-order Thom-Boardman sin…
This article is a survey of P. Katsylo's proof that the moduli space of smooth projective complex curves of genus 3 is rational. We hope to make the argument more comprehensible and transparent by emphasizing the underlying geometry in the proof and its key structural features.
We prove that the moduli space C(d) of plane curves of degree d (for projective equivalence) is rational except possibly if d= 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 23, 24, 26, 32, 48.
Vanishing theorems for projective morphisms between complex analytic spaces
本文讨论复解析空间射影态射的消失定理，从最小模型理论观点建立了Kollár纲领的终极推广，对最小模型理论起关键作用。
We study a double solid X branched along a nodal sextic surface in a projective space and the 2-torsion subgroup in the third integer cohomology group of a resolution of singularities of X. This group can be considered as an obstruction to rationality of X. Studying this group we conclude that all sextic double solids admitting non-trivial obstructions to rationality are branched along determinantal surfaces of very specific type and we provide an explicit list of them.
Motivic obstruction to rationality of a general cubic hypersurface in $\mathbb P^5$
研究$\mathbb{P}^5$中一般三次超曲面合理性问题，引入整本质不可分解动机，证明相关动机性质及提升定理，为将三次四维形猜想归结为正特征下算术现象提供可能。
We show that a nonsingular complex projective variety admitting a holomorphic vector field with nonempty isolated zeroes, is rational using a key technique by Harvey-Lawson on finite volume flows. This statement was conjectured by J. Carrell. By the same technique, we obtain a uniform upper bound of Betti numbers of nonsingular complex projective variety admitting a holomorphic vector field with exact one zero point. Such an upper bound depends only on the dimension of the variety, which is a stronger version of a result of Akyildiz and Carrell.
We consider moduli spaces of dynamical systems of correspondences over the projective line as a generalization of moduli spaces of dynamical systems of endomorphisms on the projective line. We obtain the rationality of the moduli spaces. The rationality of the moduli space of degree $(d,e)$ correspondences is obtained from a representation-theoretic projection to the one for the usual dynamical systems of degree $d+e-1$. We also show that the multiplier maps for the fixed points and the multiplier index theorem (Woods Hole formula) are also reduced through the projection and obtain the reduced…
We consider the problem of comparing t-structures under the derived McKay correspondence and for tilting equivalences. We relate the t-structures using certain natural torsion theories. As an application, we give a criterion for rationality for surfaces with a tilting bundle. In particular we show that every smooth projective surface which admits a full, strong, exceptional collection of line bundles is rational.
For a quasi-projective scheme M which carries a perfect obstruction theory, we construct the virtual cobordism class of M. If M is projective, we prove that the corresponding Chern numbers of the virtual cobordism class are given by integrals of the Chern classes of the virtual tangent bundle. Further, we study cobordism invariants of the moduli space of stable pairs introduced by Pandharipande-Thomas. Rationality of the partition function is conjectured together with a functional equation, which can be regarded as a generalization of the rationality and 1/q <-> q symmetry of the Calabi-Yau ca…
Zeros of one-forms and the topology of algebraic maps
研究构造光滑复射影簇，一种基于特定同调纤维丛，另一种基于有理上同调环面，通过这两种构造反驳了科奇克猜想、博瓦迪利亚 - 科拉尔猜想剩余蕴含关系及第一作者的一个猜想。
Quot schemes of quotients of a trivial bundle of arbitrary rank on a nonsingular projective surface X carry perfect obstruction theories and virtual fundamental classes whenever the quotient sheaf has at most 1-dimensional support. The associated generating series of virtual Euler characteristics was conjectured to be a rational function when X is simply connected. We conjecture here the rationality of more general descendent series with insertions obtained from the Chern characters of the tautological sheaf. We prove the rationality of descendent series in Hilbert scheme cases for all curve c…
Let X -> Y be a fibration whose fibers are complete intersections of two quadrics. We develop new categorical and algebraic tools---a theory of relative homological projective duality and the Morita invariance of the even Clifford algebra under quadric reduction by hyperbolic splitting---to study semiorthogonal decompositions of the bounded derived category of X. Together with new results in the theory of quadratic forms, we apply these tools in the case where X -> Y has relative dimension 1, 2, or 3, in which case the fibers are curves of genus 1, Del Pezzo surfaces of degree 4, or Fano three…
Rationality of weighted hypersurfaces of special degree
本文结合全维有效的有理性代数证明与数值半群新结果，刻画了次数被权重最小公倍数整除时三维加权射影超曲面的有理性，并给出有理簇新例及仿射 Pham-Brieskorn 三维簇的精确判定。
Variation of mixed Hodge structure and its applications
本文研究复解析空间射影态射诱导的混合霍奇结构变化，并将其用于推广 Kollár 无挠定理与消失定理，为复解析空间射影态射的极小模型理论奠定基础。
We study the relations between the finite generation of Cox ring, the rationality of Euler-Chow series and Poincaré series and Zariski's conjecture on dimensions of linear systems. We prove that if the Cox ring of a smooth projective variety is finitely generated, then all Poincaré series of the variety are rational. We also prove that the multi-variable Poincaré series associated to big divisors on a smooth projective surface are rational, assuming the rationality of multi-variable Poincare series on curves.
Let k be a field, and let π:\tilde{X} -> X be a proper birational morphism of irreducible k-varieties, where \tilde{X} is smooth and X has at worst quotient singularities. When the characteristic of k is zero, a theorem of Kollár in [Ko1] says that π induces an isomorphism of etale fundamental groups. We give a proof of this result which works for all characteristics. As an application, we prove that for a smooth projective irreducible surface X over an algebraically closed field k, the etale fundamental group of the Hilbert scheme of n points of X, where n > 1, is canonically isomorphic to th…
Refereed version to appear in Michigan Mathematical Journal. A mistake in the last section of the previous version has been corrected. The new title exactly describes the main result obtained. Building on the geometry of cubic surfaces and on a theorem of Dolgachev, the rationality of the moduli space R mentioned in the title is proved. Let M be the moduli space of 6 points in the plane, modulo the natural involution induced by double-six configurations on cubic surfaces. It is proved that R is birational to a tower of locally trivial projective bundles ending onto M. The rationality of R then…
For any positive integer m and any dimension n, we show that any n-dimensional Hodge diamond with values in Z/mZ is attained by the Hodge numbers of an n-dimensional smooth complex projective variety. As a corollary, there are no polynomial relations among the Hodge numbers of n-dimensional smooth complex projective varieties besides the ones induced by the Hodge symmetries, which answers a question raised by Kollár in 2012.
Our primary result is that a demi-normal quasi-projective variety can be embedded in a demi-normal projective variety. Recall that a demi-normal variety $X$ is a variety with properties $S_2$, $G_1$, and seminormality. Equivalently, $X$ has Serre's $S_2$ property and there is an open subvariety $U$ with complement of codimension at least 2 in $X$, such that the only singularities of $U$ are (analytically) double normal crossings. The term demi-normal was coined by Kollár in \cite{Kol13}. As a consequence of this embedding theorem, we prove a semi-smooth Grauert-Riemenschneider vanishing theore…
Invisible singularities in complex algebraic geometry
该研究在光滑复射影簇间构造具奇异纤维但拓扑光滑的态射，借此否定了四个代数几何领域的猜想与问题。
In this paper we work with a series whose coefficients are the Euler characteristic of Chow varieties of a given projective variety. For varieties where the Cox ring is defined, it is easy to see that in this case the ring associated to the series is the Cox ring. If this ring is noetherian then the series is rational. It is an open question whether the converse holds. In this paper we give an example showing the converse fails. However we conjecture that it holds when the variety is rationally connected. As an evidence of this conjecture, It is proved that the series is not rational, and in a…
In this note we relate the SHGH Conjecture to the rationality of one-point Seshadri constants on blow ups of the projective plane, and explain how rationality of Seshadri constants can be tested with the help of functions on Newton--Okounkov bodies.
A threefold violating a local-to-global principle for rationality
本文构造了一个在 $\mathbb Q$ 上非有理但在所有局部处均有理的光滑射影三维簇，通过在相关亏格 $2$ 曲线的 Jacobian 的 Tate--Shafarevich 群中构造阶为 $4$ 的显式元素证明其有理性。
We study semistable extremal threefold neighborhoods following earlier work of Mori, Kollár, and Prokhorov. We classify possible flips and extend Mori's algorithm for computing flips of extremal neighborhoods of type k2A to more general neighborhoods of type k1A. In fact we show that they belong to the same deformation family as k2A, and we explicitly construct the universal family of extremal neighborhoods. This construction follows very closely Mori's division algorithm, which we interpret as a sequence of mutations in the cluster algebra of rank 2 with general coefficients. We identify, in …
Let $X$ be a projective surface and let $L$ be an ample line bundle on $X$. The global Seshadri constant $\varepsilon(L)$ of $L$ is defined as the infimum of Seshadri constants $\varepsilon(L,x)$ as $x\in X$ varies. It is an interesting question to ask if $\varepsilon(L)$ is a rational number for any pair $(X, L)$. We study this question when $X$ is a blow up of $\mathbb{P}^2$ at $r \ge 0$ very general points and $L$ is an ample line bundle on $X$. For each $r$ we define a $\textit{submaximality threshold}$ which governs the rationality or irrationality of $\varepsilon(L)$. We state a conjectu…
We study Brauer-Severi surface bundles over smooth projective varieties via root stacks, with a view towards applications to failure of stable rationality.
We prove the rationality of a $\k$-form $X$ of the product $S$ of projective spaces provided the existence of a $\k$-point on $X$. The method of the proof is to find a Galois-invariant birational projection of $S$ to the projective space. This method also allows to prove the quasitriviality of the forms of the hyperplane sections of some Segre varieties.
Let $C$ be a smooth, projective, geometrically irreducible curve defined over $\mathbb{R}$ such that $C(\mathbb{R}) = \emptyset$. Let $r>0$ and $d$ be integers which are coprime. Let $L$ be a line bundle on $C$ which corresponds to an $\mathbb{R}$ point of ${\rm Pic}^d_{C/\mathbb{R}}$. Let $\mathcal{M}_{r,L}$ be the moduli space of stable bundles on the complexification of $C$ of rank $r$ and determinant $L$. We classify birational types of $\mathcal{M}_{r,L}$ over $\mathbb{R}$.
Consequences of the existence of exceptional collections in arithmetic and rationality
本文证明了Orlov猜想对一般域上的算术toric varieties成立，并通过构造有理数域上的反例否定了该猜想的推广版本。
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