The join of algebraic curves

Real algebraic curves, the moment map and amoebas

In this paper we prove the topological uniqueness of maximal arrangements of a real plane algebraic curve with respect to three lines. More generally, we prove the topological uniqueness of a maximally arranged algebraic curve on a real toric surface. We use the moment map as a tool for studying the topology of real algebraic curves and their complexifications.

Clifford Theorem for real algebraic curves

We establish for smooth projective real curves the equivalent of the classical Clifford inequality known for complex curves. We also study the cases when equality holds.

A Compactness Criterion for Real Plane Algebraic Curves

Two sets of conditions are presented for the compactness of a real plane algebraic curve, one sufficient and one necessary, in terms of the Newton polygon of the defining polynomial.

A Theory of Duality for Algebraic Curves

We formulate a refined theory of linear systems, using the methods of a previous paper, "A Theory of Branches for Algebraic Curves", and use it to give a geometric interpretation of the genus of an algebraic curve. Using principles of duality, we prove generalisations of Plucker's formulae for algebraic curves. The results hold for arbitrary characteristic of the base field L, with some occasional exceptions when characteristic(L)=2, which we observe in the course of the paper.

在OSCAR中绘制实平面代数曲线

Drawing real plane algebraic curves in OSCAR

本文展示如何利用OSCAR计算机代数系统生成拓扑正确或视觉美观的实平面代数曲线图示。

A note about invariants of algebraic curves

For affine algebraic plane curves we reduce a calculation of its invariants to calculation of the intersection of kernels of some derivations.

Lipschitz geometry of complex plane algebraic curves

We present a complete classification of complex plane algebraic curves, equipped with the induced Euclidean, up to global bilipschitz homeomorphism.

A non-hyperelliptic curve with torsion Ceresa cycle modulo algebraic equivalence

We exhibit a non-hyperelliptic curve C of genus 3 such that the class of the Ceresa cycle [C]-[(-1)*C] in JC modulo algebraic equivalence is torsion.

Algebraic curves with automorphism groups of large prime order

Let $\mathcal{X}$ be an algebraic curve of genus $g$ defined over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic $p \geq 0$, and $q$ a prime dividing $|\mbox{Aut}(\mathcal{X})|$. We say that $\mathcal{X}$ is a $q$-curve. Homma proved that either $q \leq g+1$ or $q = 2g+1$, and classified $(2g+1)$-curves. In this note, we classify $(g+1)$-curves, and fully characterize the automorphism groups of $q$-curves for $q= 2g+1, g+1$. We also give some partial results on $q$-curves for $q = g, g-1$.

On algebraic equivalences among the 27 Abel-Prym curves on a generic abelian 5-fold

This article shows that on a generic principally polarized abelian variety of dimension five the $\mathbb{Q}$-vector space of algebraic equivalences among the 27 Abel-Prym curves has dimension 20.

Tropical and algebraic curves with multiple points

Patchworking theorems serve as a basic element of the correspondence between tropical and algebraic curves, which is a core of the tropical enumerative geometry. We present a new version of a patchworking theorem which relates plane tropical curves with complex and real algebraic curves having prescribed multiple points. It can be used to compute Welschinger invariants of non-toric Del Pezzo surfaces.

Generic symmetry defect set of an algebraic curve

Let $X \subset \mathbb{C}^{2n}$ be an $n$-dimensional algebraic variety. We define the algebraic version of the generic symmetry defect set (Wigner caustic) of $X$. Moreover, we compute its singularities for $X_d$ being a generic curve of degree $d$ in $\mathbb{C}^2$.

代数曲线的利普希茨嵌入

Lipschitz embeddings of algebraic curves

研究实代数曲线利普希茨分类，证明其内部与\(\mathbb{R}^3\)中具LNE连通分量的外部分类等价，找到实仿射代数曲线的LNE模型，还指出复范畴不成立此结论。

Injective linear series of algebraic curves on quadrics

We study linear series on curves inducing injective morphisms to projective space, using zero-dimensional schemes and cohomological vanishings. Albeit projections of curves and their singularities are of central importance in algebraic geometry, basic problems still remain unsolved. In this note, we study cuspidal projections of space curves lying on irreducible quadrics (in arbitrary characteristic).

Signatures of algebraic curves via numerical algebraic geometry

We apply numerical algebraic geometry to the invariant-theoretic problem of detecting symmetries between two plane algebraic curves. We describe an efficient equality test which determines, with "probability-one", whether or not two rational maps have the same image up to Zariski closure. The application to invariant theory is based on the construction of suitable signature maps associated to a group acting linearly on the respective curves. We consider two versions of this construction: differential and joint signature maps. In our examples and computational experiments, we focus on the compl…

The Fermat curve x^n+y^n+z^n: the most symmetric non-singular algebraic plane curve

A projective non-singular plane algebraic curve of degree d<=4 is called maximally symmetric if it attains the maximum order of the automorphism groups for complex non-singular plane algebraic curves of degree d. For d<=7, all such curves are known. Up to projectivities, they are the Fermat curve for d=5,7, see \cite{kmp1,kmp2}, the Klein quartic for d=4, see \cite{har}, and the Wiman sextic for d=6, see \cite{doi}. In this paper we work on projective plane curves defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and we extend this result to every d>=8 showing that the Fermat …

Asymptotic Behavior of an Implicit Algebraic Plane Curve

In this paper, we introduce the notion of infinity branches as well as approaching curves. We present some properties which allow us to obtain an algorithm that compares the behavior of two implicitly defined algebraic plane curves at the infinity. As an important result, we prove that if two plane algebraic curves have the same asymptotic behavior, the Hausdorff distance between them is finite.

Algebraic structures on the topology of moduli spaces of curves and maps

We discuss selected topics on the topology of moduli spaces of curves and maps, emphasizing their relation with Gromov--Witten theory and integrable systems.

Algebraic curves admitting non-collinear Galois points

A criterion for the existence of a birational embedding into a projective plane with non-collinear Galois points for algebraic curves is presented. A new example of a plane curve with non-collinear Galois points as an application is described. Furthermore, a new characterization of the Fermat curve in terms of non-collinear Galois points is presented.

Very special divisors on 4-gonal real algebraic curves

Given a real curve, we study special linear systems called "very special" for which the dimension does not satisfy a Clifford type inequality. We classify all these very special linear systems when the gonality of the curve is small.

On the equivariant algebraic Jacobian for curves of genus two

We present a treatment of the algebraic description of the Jacobian of a generic genus two plane curve which exploits an SL2(k) equivariance and clarifes the structure of E.V.Flynn's 72 defining quadratic relations. The treatment is also applied to the Kummer variety.

Algebraic cycles on the Jacobian of a curve with a $g^r_d$

We present relations between cycles with rational coefficients modulo algebraic equivalence on the Jacobian of a curve. These relations depend on the linear systems the curve admits. They are obtained in the tautological ring, the smallest subspace containing (an embedding of) the curve and closed under the basic operations of intersection, Pontryagin product and the pullback and pushdown induced by homotheties.

Flash Geometry of Algebraic Curves

In this paper, we develop the theory of flashes of an algebraic curve. We show that the theory is birationally invariant in a sense which we will make more precise below. We also show how the theory provides a foundation for the method of asymptotic degenerations, a particular class of degenerations of plane projective algebraic curves. In particular, we consider the geometrical technique in relation to the Severi problem of degenerating nodal curves to lines in general position, and correct Severi's original proof of his conjecture.

结点代数曲线上主$\Bbb C^*$-丛的模栈的上同调

Cohomology of Moduli Stacks of Principal $\Bbb C^*$-Bundles Over Nodal Algebraic Curves

研究结点曲线上主$\Bbb C^*$-丛模栈，用陈类确定其有理上同调代数。

无穷远处爆破球面同胚下实代数曲线的分类

Classification of real algebraic curves under blow-spherical homeomorphisms at infinity

该研究针对无穷远处爆破球面同胚下的实代数曲线，提出了带标准形式的完整分类结果。

Curve selection lemma in infinite dimensional algebraic geometry and arc spaces

We prove a Curve Selection Lemma valid in infinite-dimensional algebraic geometry and apply it, together with a structure theorem of Grinberg-Kahzdan and Drinfeld, to obtain a Curve Selection Lemma in arc spaces.

Applications of Level Curves to Some Problems on Algebraic Surfaces

In a previous work of the authors, a result to algorithmically compute the topology types of the level curves of an algebraic surface, is given. From this result, here we derive applications based on level curves to determine some topological features of surfaces (reality, compactness, connectivity) and to the problem of plotting.

Improvement on Parameters of Algebraic-Geometry Codes from Hermitian Curves

Motivated by Xing's method [7], we show that there exist [n,k,d] linear Hermitian codes over F_{q^2} with k+d>=n-3 for all sufficiently large q. This improves the asymptotic bound of Algebraic-Geometry codes from Hermitian curves given in [9,10].

具有固定j-不变量的热带与代数椭圆平面曲线

Tropical and algebraic elliptic plane curves with fixed j-invariant

该研究通过热带计数特定椭圆曲线，结合对应定理，给出代数计数的另一种证明，拓展了枚举几何的相关方法。

A birational embedding of an algebraic curve into a projective plane with two Galois points

A criterion for the existence of a birational embedding of an algebraic curve into a projective plane with two Galois points is presented. Several novel examples of plane curves with two inner Galois points as an application are described.

Algebraic curves admitting the same Galois closure for two projections

A criterion for the existence of a plane model of an algebraic curve such that the Galois closures of projections from two points are the same is presented. As an application, it is proved that the Hermitian curve in positive characteristic coincides with the Galois closures of projections of some plane curve from some two non-uniform points.

On large automorphism groups of algebraic curves in positive characteristic

In his investigation on large $K$-automorphism groups of an algebraic curve, Stichtenoth obtained an upper bound on the order of the first ramification group of an algebraic curve $\cX$ defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p$. Stichtenoth's bound has raised the problem of classifying all $\K$-automorphism groups $G$ of $\cX$ with the following property: There is a point $P\in \cX$ for which \begin{equation} |G_P^{(1)}|>\frac{p}{p-1}g. \end{equation} Such a classification is obtained here by proving Theorem 1.3

最小的代数空间填充曲线在射影线的积上

Minimal algebraic space filling curves on the product of projective lines

本文研究了射影线积上最小次数的光滑代数空间填充曲线，证明了存在大量例子并扩展了Homma和Kim的结果。

On automorphisms of algebraic curves

An irreducible, algebraic curve $\mathcal X_g$ of genus $g\geq 2$ defined over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $\mbox{char } \, k = p \geq 0$, has finite automorphism group $\mbox{Aut} (\mathcal X_g)$. In this paper we describe methods of determining the list of groups $\mbox{Aut} (\mathcal X_g)$ for a fixed $g\geq 2$. Moreover, equations of the corresponding families of curves are given when possible.

Calculating cohomology groups of moduli spaces of curves via algebraic geometry

We compute the first, second, third, and fifth rational cohomology groups of the moduli space of stable n-pointed genus g curves, for all g and n, using (mostly) algebro-geometric techniques.

Algebraic curves with collinear Galois points

A criterion for the existence of a birational embedding into a projective plane with three collinear Galois points for algebraic curves is presented. The extendability of an automorphism induced by a Galois point to a linear transformation of the projective plane is also discussed, under the assumption that two Galois points exist.

Subcanonical points on algebraic curves

A point of an algebraic curve of genus g is subcanonical if some regular differential vanishes only at that point, with multiplicity 2g-2. Subcanonical points are Weierstrass points, and we compute the associated gap sequence at a general point of each component of the moduli space of curves with marked subcanonical point. We also construct subcanonical points with other gap sequences as ramification points of certain cyclic covers.

Non-homotopicity of the linking set of algebraic plane curves

The linking set is an invariant of algebraic plane curves introduced by Meilhan and the first author. It has been successfully used to detect several examples of Zariski pairs, i.e. curves with the same combinatorics and different embedding in $\mathds{CP}^2$. Differentiating Shimada's $π_1$-equivalent Zariski pair by the linking set, we prove, in the present paper, that this invariant is not determined by the fundamental group of the curve.

Geometric Construction of Generalized Local Symbols on Algebraic Curves

The aim of this work is to provide a construction of generalized local symbols on algebraic curves as morphisms of group schemes. From a closed point of a complete, irreducible and non-singular curve $C$ over a perfect field $k$ as the only data, using theta groups over Picard schemes of curves, we offer a geometric construction that allows us to define generalizations of the tame symbol and the Hilbert norm residue symbol.

A criterion for the existence of a plane model with two inner Galois points for algebraic curves

A criterion for the existence of a plane model with two non-smooth Galois points for algebraic curves is presented, which is a generalization of Fukasawa's criterion for two smooth Galois points. Owing to this generalized criterion, multiplicities and order sequences at Galois points can be described in detail.

Tau functions and KP solutions on families of algebraic curves

Using abelian differentials and periods of the universal Mumford curve, we study the universal expression and asymptotic behavior of tau functions defined for stably degenerating families of algebraic curves with additional data. Furthermore, we apply this study to constructing solutions to the KP hierarchy which are expressed by nonarchimedean theta functions and by mixtures of quasi-periodic solutions with solitons containing real solutions defined on families of M-curves.

Moduli of algebraic and tropical curves

This is mostly* a non-technical exposition of the joint work arXiv:1212.0373 with Caporaso and Payne. Topics include: Moduli of Riemann surfaces / algebraic curves; Deligne-Mumford compactification; Dual graphs and the combinatorics of the compactification; Tropical curves and their moduli; Non-archimedean geometry and comparison. * Maybe the last section is technical.

Approximate Parametrization of Plane Algebraic Curves by Linear Systems of Curves

It is well known that an irreducible algebraic curve is rational (i.e. parametric) if and only if its genus is zero. In this paper, given a tolerance $ε>0$ and an $ε$-irreducible algebraic affine plane curve $\mathcal C$ of proper degree $d$, we introduce the notion of $ε$-rationality, and we provide an algorithm to parametrize approximately affine $ε$-rational plane curves, without exact singularities at infinity, by means of linear systems of $(d-2)$-degree curves. The algorithm outputs a rational parametrization of a rational curve $\bar{\mathcal C}$ of degree at most $d$ which has the same…

穿孔椭圆曲线的动机基本群与代数闭链

The motivic fundamental group of a punctured elliptic curve and algebraic cycles

本文在椭圆动机DG范畴中研究穿孔椭圆曲线的动机基本群，利用Schur复形给出其消解，并构造出类似于Bloch-Totaro闭链的代数闭链。

Real algebraic curves with large finite number of real points

We address the problem of the maximal finite number of real points of a real algebraic curve (of a given degree and, sometimes, genus) in the projective plane. We improve the known upper and lower bounds and construct close to optimal curves of small degree. Our upper bound is sharp if the genus is small as compared to the degree. Some of the results are extended to other real algebraic surfaces, most notably ruled.

Algebraic and tropical curves: comparing their moduli spaces

We construct the moduli space for equivalence classes of n-pointed tropical curves of genus g, together with its compactification given by weighted tropical curves, and establish some of its basic topological properties. We compare it to the moduli spaces of smooth and stable algebraic curves, from the combinatorial, the topological, and the Teichmüller point of view. The paper is written in an expository style, and it generalizes some results contained in sections 4-6 of arXiv:1001.2815v3.

Moduli of Curves and Spin Structures via Algebraic Geometry

Here we investigate some birational properties of two collections of moduli spaces, namely moduli spaces of (pointed) stable curves and of (pointed) spin curves. In particular, we focus on vanishings of Hodge numbers of type (p,0) and on computations of the Kodaira dimension. Our methods are purely algebraic geometric and rely on an induction argument on the number of marked points and the genus of the curves (cf. mathAG/9803001).

Existence of α-stable coherent systems on algebraic curves

This survey article is a much extended version of a lecture given at a Clay Institute workshop in October 2006. It describes all known results on the existence of stable coherent systems on algebraic curves.

Fixed points of automorphisms of real algebraic curves

We bound the number of fixed points of an automorphism of a real curve in terms of the genus and the number of connected components of the real part of the curve. Using this bound, we derive some consequences concerning the maximum order of an automorphism and the maximum order of an abelian group of automorphisms of a real curve. We also bound the full group of automorphisms of a real hyperelliptic curve.

低亏格带点代数曲线模空间的维数

The Dimension of the Moduli Space of Pointed Algebraic Curves of Low Genus

本文针对亏格不超过7的多种情形，显式计算了以给定数值半群为Weierstrass半群的带点代数曲线的模空间，并确定了所有亏格7半群的维数。

On the halphen transform of algebraic space curves

The Halphen transform of a plane curve is the curve obtained by intersecting the tangent lines of the curve with the corresponding polar lines with respect to some conic. This transform has been introduced by Halphen as a branch desingularization method and has also been studied by Coolidge and by Josse. We extend this notion to Halphen transform of a space curve and study several of its properties (birationality, degree, rank, class, desingularization).

Radical Parametrization of Algebraic Curves by Adjoint Curves

We present algorithms for parametrizing by radicals an irreducible curve, not necessarily plane, when the genus is less o equal to 4 and they are defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. In addition, we also present an algorithm for parametrizing by radicals any irreducible plane curve of degree $d$ having at least a point of multiplicity $d-r$, with $1\leq r \leq 4$ and, as a consequence, every irreducible plane curve of degree $d \leq 5$ and every irreducible singular plane curve of degree 6.

Tropical methods in the moduli theory of algebraic curves

In recent years a series of remarkable advances in tropical geometry and in non-archimedean geometry have brought new insights to the moduli theory of algebraic curves and their Jacobians. The goal of this survey, an expanded version of my talks at the 2015 AMS symposium in algebraic geometry and at AGNES 2016, is to present some of the results in this area.

Special Weierstrass points on algebraic curves in $\mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1$

In this paper we demonstrate that the notion of inflection points and extactic points on plane algebraic curves can be suitably transferred to curves in $\mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1$. More precisely, we describe osculating curves and study Weierstrass points of algebraic curves in the surface $\mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1$ with respect to certain linear systems. In particular, we study points where a fiber of $\mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1$ is tangent, and points with a hyperosculating $(1,1)$-curve. In the first case we find Hessian-like curves that intersect the curve in these point…