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arXiv 2501.00580math.NTmath.CO
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素数分布的分拆理论模型

Partition-theoretic model of prime distribution

Aidan Botkin, Madeline L. Dawsey, David J. Hemmer, Matthew R. Just, Robert Schneider

AI总结:

本研究将分拆理论应用于乘性数论,提出基于整数分拆性质的确定性素数分布模型,可推导素数定理与孪生素数猜想,细化误差项后素数计数估计在10000以内精度优于对数积分,计算测试发现素数间隙可预测变化的有限证据。

摘要:

我们将分拆理论的思想应用于乘性数论中的一个问题。基于与整数分拆性质相关的基本原理,我们提出了一个确定性的素数分布模型,该模型能自然地推导出素数定理以及孪生素数猜想。该模型假定,对于$n\geq 2$,有$$p_{n}\\ =\\ 1\\ +\\ 2\sum_{j=1}^{n-1}\left\lceil \frac{d(j)}{2}\right\rceil\\ +\\ \varepsilon(n),$$其中$p_k$是第$k$个素数,$d(k)$是除数函数,$\varepsilon(k)$是一个渐近可忽略的显式误差项;主项和误差项都代表我们概念模型中的计数函数。我们对误差项进行了细化,以给出$\pi(n)$的数值估计,其结果与对数积分提供的估计相近,且在$n=10{,}000$以内的精度远高于$\operatorname{li}(n)$,在该范围内估计值“几乎完全准确”。随后我们对模型的特殊预测进行了计算测试,发现了素数间隙中存在可预测变化的有限证据。

英文摘要:

We make an application of ideas from partition theory to a problem in multiplicative number theory. We propose a deterministic model of prime number distribution, from first principles related to properties of integer partitions, that naturally predicts the prime number theorem as well as the twin prime conjecture. The model posits that, for $n\geq 2$, $$p_{n}\ =\ 1\ +\ 2\sum_{j=1}^{n-1}\left\lceil \frac{d(j)}{2}\right\rceil\ +\ \varepsilon(n),$$ where $p_k$ is the $k$th prime number, $d(k)$ is the divisor function, and $\varepsilon(k)$ is an explicit error term that is negligible asymptotically; both the main term and error term represent enumerative functions in our conceptual model. We refine the error term to give numerical estimates of $π(n)$ similar to those provided by the logarithmic integral, and much more accurate than $\operatorname{li}(n)$ up to $n=10{,}000$ where the estimates are {\it almost exact}. We then perform computational tests of unusual predictions of the model, finding limited evidence of predictable variations in prime gaps.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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