We study how the degrees of irrationality of moduli spaces of polarized K3 surfaces grow with respect to the genus $g$. We prove that the growth is bounded by a polynomial function of degree $14+\varepsilon$ for any $\varepsilon>0$ and, for three sets of infinitely many genera, the bounds can be refined to polynomials of degree $10$. The main ingredients in our proof are the modularity of the generating series of Heegner divisors due to Borcherds and its generalization to higher codimensions due to Kudla, Millson, Zhang, Bruinier, and Westerholt-Raum. For special genera, the proof is also built upon the existence of K3 surfaces associated Hodge theoretically with certain cubic fourfolds, Gushel-Mukai fourfolds, and hyperkähler fourfolds.
The degree of irrationality of a smooth projective variety $X$ is the minimal degree of a dominant rational map $X\dashrightarrow \mathbb{P}^{\dim X}$. We show that if an abelian surface $A$ over $\mathbb{C}$ is such that the image of the intersection pairing $\text{Sym}^2NS(A)\to \mathbb{Z}$ does not contain $12$, then it has degree of irrationality $4$. In particular, a very general $(1,d)$-polarized abelian surface has degree of irrationality $4$ provided that $d\nmid 6$. This answers two questions of Yoshihara by providing the first examples of abelian surfaces with degree of irrationality…
The degree of irrationality of a projective variety $X$ is defined to be the smallest degree rational dominant map to a projective space of the same dimension. For abelian surfaces, Yoshihara computed this invariant in specific cases, while Stapleton gave a sublinear upper bound for very general polarized abelian surfaces $(A, L)$ of degree $d$. Somewhat surprisingly, we show that the degree of irrationality of a very general polarized abelian surface is uniformly bounded above by $4$, independently of the degree of the polarization. This result disproves part of a conjecture of Bastianelli, D…
The degree of irrationality $irr(X)$ of a $n$-dimensional complex projective variety $X$ is the least degree of a dominant rational map $X\dashrightarrow \mathbb{P}^n$. It is a well-known fact that given a product $X\times \mathbb{P}^m$ or a $n$-dimensional variety $Y$ dominating $X$, their degrees of irrationality may be smaller than the degree of irrationality of $X$. In this paper, we focus on smooth surfaces $S\subset\mathbb{P}^3$ of degree $d\geq 5$, and we prove that $irr(S\times\mathbb{P}^{m})=irr(S)$ for any positive integer $m$, whereas $irr(Y)<irr(S)$ occurs for some $Y$ dominating $…
For $X$ a smooth cubic threefold we study the Plücker embedding of the Fano surface of lines $S$ of $X$. We prove that if $X$ is general then the minimal gonality of a covering family of curves of $S$ is four and that this happens for a unique family of curves. The analysis also shows that there is a unique pentagonal connecting family of curves, which leads to the fact that the connecting gonality of $S$ is five whereas the degree of irrationality, i.e.\ the minimal degree of a rational map from $S$ to $\mathbb{P}^2$, is six.
Let $S$ be a smooth projective surface on a smooth threefold $X$ such that $X$ has Picard rank 1 and NS$(S)$ is generated by the restriction of divisors from X. We show that if $X$ satisfies the Bogomolov-Gieseker type inequality for tilt semistable objects conjectured by Bayer-Macrì-Stellari, then the minimum degree of a dominant rational map $S\dashrightarrow\mathbb{P}^2$ is either relatively large or determined by a net of curves of low degree on $S$. As one application, we prove that the complete intersection of three very general quadrics in $\mathbb{P}^5$ has degree of irrationality 4.
We show that measures of irrationality on very general codimension two complete intersections and very general complete intersection surfaces are multiplicative in the degrees of the defining equations. This confirms some cases of a conjecture of Bastianelli, De Poi, Ein, Lazarsfeld, and Ullery. Our methods involve studying the numerical invariants of curves on complete intersections.
We study dominant rational maps from a product of two curves to surfaces with $p_{g} = q = 0$. Given two curves which satisfy a mild genericity assumption and have large genus relative to their gonality, we show that the degree of irrationality of their product is equal to the product of their gonalities. Moreover, we prove that the degree of irrationality of a product of two hyperelliptic curves is 4.
It is well known since Noether that the gonality of a smooth plane curve of degree d>3 is d-1. Given a k-dimensional complex projective variety X, the most natural extension of gonality is probably the degree of irrationality, that is the minimum degree of a dominant rational map from X to $\mathbb{P}^k$. In this paper we are aimed at extending the assertion on plane curves to smooth hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{P}^n$ in terms of degree of irrationality. We prove that both surfaces in $\mathbb{P}^3$ and threefolds in $\mathbb{P}^4$ of sufficiently large degree d have degree of irrationality d-1, …
In this paper, we will apply the ideas from the mirror symmetry of Calabi-Yau threefolds to study the modular forms and one-parameter family of K3 surfaces found by Beukers and Peters, which provide enlightenment to the two mysterious sequences constructed by Apéry in his proof of the irrationality of $ζ(3)$. We will construct a fourth order differential operator and a prepotential from the canonical solutions of this differential operator. The third derivative of this prepotential with respect to the mirror map defines a Yukawa coupling that is a weight-4 modular form. The instanton expansion…
The moduli spaces of stable surfaces serve as compactifications of the moduli spaces of canonical models of smooth surfaces in the same way the moduli spaces of stable curves compactify the moduli spaces of smooth curves. However, the natural definition of the moduli functor of stable surfaces allows in extra components parameterizing surfaces which do not smooth. This article verifies that these components are also proper.
Periods of moduli spaces of stable sheaves on K3 surfaces were computed by Mukai, O'Grady and the author. In this paper, we shall treat moduli spaces of stable sheaves on abelian surfaces.
We discuss some relations of moduli of sheaves on rational surfaces by using universal extensions. These are a generalization of Maruyama's method to construct Uhlenbeck compactification of moduli of vector bundles.
In this paper we consider moduli spaces of polarized and numerically polarized Enriques surfaces. The moduli spaces of numerically polarized Enriques surfaces can be described as open subsets of orthogonal modular varieties of dimension 10. One of the consequences of our description is that there are only finitely many isomorphism classes of moduli spaces of polarized and numerically polarized Enriques surfaces. We use modular forms to prove for a number of small degrees that the Kodaira dimension of the moduli space of numerically polarized Enriques surfaces is negative. Finally we prove that…
Motivated by the relation between (twisted) K3 surfaces and special cubic fourfolds, we construct moduli spaces of polarized twisted K3 surfaces of any fixed degree and order. We do this by mimicking the construction of the moduli space of untwisted polarized K3 surfaces as a quotient of a bounded symmetric domain.
We describe compactifications of moduli spaces of Burniat surfaces with $2\leq K_{X}^{2}\leq5$ obtained by adding KSBA surfaces, i.e. slc surfaces $X$ with ample canonical class $K_{X}$.
The Hessian of a general cubic surface is a nodal quartic surface, hence its desingularisation is a K3 surface. We determine the transcendental lattice of the Hessian K3 surface for various cubic surfaces (with nodes and/or Eckardt points for example). Classical invariant theory shows that the moduli space of cubic surfaces is a weighted projective space. We describe the singular locus and some other subvarieties of the moduli space.
We construct a moduli space of adequately marked Enriques surfaces that have a supersingular K3 cover over fields of characteristic $p \geq 3$. We show that this moduli space exists as a scheme locally of finite type over $\mathbb{F}_p$. Moreover, there exists a period map from this moduli space to a period scheme and we obtain a Torelli theorem for supersingular Enriques surfaces.
We prove that the moduli spaces of K3 surfaces with non-symplectic involution are rational for four deformation types. With the previous results, this establishes the rationality of those moduli spaces except two classical cases.
We shall show the existence of 15 automorphic forms of weight 8 on the moduli space of marked Hessian quartic surfaces of cubic surfaces. These automorphic forms can be interpreted in terms of the coefficients of the Sylvester form of a general cubic surface.
This is the first in a series of articles on the moduli spaces of Burniat surfaces. We prove that Burniat surfaces are Inoue surfaces and we calculate their fundamental groups. As a main result of this paper we prove that every smooth projective surface which is homotopically equivalent to a primary Burniat surface (i.e., a Burniat surface with K^2 = 6) is indeed a primary Burniat surface.
We prove that the coarse moduli space of curves of genus 6 is birational to an arithmetic quotient of a bounded symmetric domain of type IV by giving a period map to the moduli space of some lattice-polarized K3 surfaces.
We construct explicitly a finite cover of the moduli stack of compact Riemann surfaces with a given group of symmetries by a smooth quasi-projective variety.
This paper studies deformations and birational maps between singular moduli spaces of semistable sheaves with 2-divisible Mukai vectors on K3 surfaces. It is showed that under certain conditions, two such moduli spaces of the same dimension can be connected by deformations and birational maps.
We examine the moduli of framed holomorphic bundles over the blowup of a complex surface, by studying a filtration induced by the behavior of the bundles on a neighborhood of the exceptional divisor.
We use hypersurfaces containing unexpected linear spaces to construct interesting vector bundles on complete intersection surfaces in projective space. We discover examples of moduli spaces of rank 2 stable bundles on surfaces of Picard rank one with arbitrarily many connected components.
Using the connection discovered by Hassett between the Noether-Lefschetz moduli space of special cubic fourfolds of discriminant 42 and the moduli space F_{22} of polarized K3 surfaces of genus 22, we show that the universal K3 surface over F_{22} is unirational.
We study birational geometry of the moduli space of stable sheaves on a quadric surface with Hilbert polynomial $5m + 1$ and $c_{1} = (2, 3)$. We describe a birational map between the moduli space and a projective bundle over a Grassmannian as a composition of smooth blow-ups/downs.
We study the moduli space of rank 0 semistable sheaves on some rational surfaces. We show the irreducibility and stable rationality of them under some conditions. We also compute several (virtual) Betti numbers of those moduli spaces by computing their motivic measures.
We investigate the moduli spaces of one- and two-dimensional sheaves on projective K3 and abelian surfaces that are semistable with respect to a nongeneral ample divisor with regard to the symplectic resolvability. We can exclude the existence of new examples of projective irreducible symplectic manifolds lying birationally over components of the moduli spaces of one-dimensional semistable sheaves on K3 surfaces, and over components of many of the moduli spaces of two-dimensional sheaves on K3 surfaces, in particular, of those for rank two sheaves.
In this note we prove that the moduli space of torsion-free modules of rank one over an Azumaya algebra on a K3-surface is an irreducible symplectic variety deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of points on the K3-surface.
We construct explicitly moduli curves of polarized supersingular K3 surfaces in characteristic 2 with Artin invariant 2. As an application, we detect a "jump" phenomenon in a family of automorphism groups of supersingular K3 surfaces with a constant Néron-Severi lattice.
We consider the singuralities of 2-dimensional moduli spaces of semi-stable sheaves on K3 surfaces. We show that the moduli space is normal, in particular the singuralities are rational double points. We also describe the exceptional locus on the resolution in terms of exceptional sheaves.
The moduli space of abelian surfaces with polarisation of type (1,6) and a bilevel structure has positive Kodaira dimension. By contrast, Mukai has shown that the moduli space of bilevel-t abelian sufaces is rational for t=2,3,4,5.
We give a short and "classical" proof of Borcherds' theorem that the moduli space of Enriques surfaces is quasi-affine. The use of the Borcherds' product is replaced in our proof by an application of the Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch theorem.
K3 surfaces with non-symplectic involution are classified by open sets of seventy-five arithmetic quotients of type IV. We prove that those moduli spaces are rational except two classical cases.
We study the moduli space of stable sheaves of Euler characteristic 1 supported on curves of bidegree (3, 3) contained in a smooth quadric surface. We show that this moduli space is rational. We compute its Betti numbers by studying the variation of the moduli spaces of alpha-semi-stable pairs.
