Joao Paulo Santos
We examine the moduli of framed holomorphic bundles over the blowup of a complex surface, by studying a filtration induced by the behavior of the bundles on a neighborhood of the exceptional divisor.
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Interpolation and moduli spaces of vector bundles on very general blowups of the projective plane
本文研究在至少10个极一般点的射影平面吹起上，向量丛模空间可能不连通且具有不同维数分支的现象，并假设SHGH猜想可构造任意多分支的模空间。
This is the first part of two papers. In this part, we prove the blowup formulae for virtual Hodge polynomials of Gieseker moduli spaces of rank-2 stable sheaves and Uhlenbeck compactification spaces over algebraic surfaces. In particular, we verify the blowup formulae for the S-duality conjecture of Vafa-Witten, i.e. the blowup formulae for the Euler numbers of instanton moduli spaces over algebraic surfaces.
We construct a moduli scheme $F[n]$ that parametrizes tuples $(S_1, S_2, \dots, S_{n+1}, p_1, p_2, \dots, p_n)$ in which $S_1$ is a fixed smooth surface over $\text{Spec } R$ and $S_{i+1}$ is the blowup of $S_i$ at a point $p_i$, $\forall 1\leq i\leq n$. We show that this moduli scheme is smooth and projective. We prove that $F[n]$ has smooth divisors $D_{i,j}^{(n)}$, $\forall 1\leq i<j\leq n$, which correspond to tuples that map $p_j\mapsto p_i$ under the projection morphism $S_j\to S_i$. When $R=k$ is an algebraically closed field, we demonstrate that the Chow ring $\mathbb{A}^*(F[n])$ is ge…
A case study of intersections on blowups of the moduli of curves
本文利用对数爆裂与虚拟严格变换，证明曲线模空间中的环面接触环位于tautological环中，并给出其计算方法，推广了Faber–Pandharipande的经典结果。
We construct a smooth Artin stack parameterizing the stable weighted curves of genus one with twisted fields and prove that it is isomorphic to the blowup stack of the moduli of genus one weighted curves studied by Hu and Li. This leads to a blowup-free construction of Vakil-Zinger's desingularization of the moduli of genus one stable maps to projective spaces. This construction provides the cornerstone of the theory of stacks with twisted fields, which is thoroughly studied in arXiv:2005.03384 and leads to a blowup-free resolution of the stable map moduli of genus two.
We give two recursions for computing top intersections of tautological classes on blowups of moduli spaces of genus-one curves. One of these recursions is analogous to the well-known string equation. As shown in previous papers, these numbers are useful for computing genus-one enumerative invariants of projective spaces and Gromov-Witten invariants of complete intersections.
Blowups, Gale duality, and moduli spaces
本文通过Gale对偶将一般位置n+4个点的射影空间Pn的爆破与曲面上秩2向量丛的Gieseker模空间联系起来，并研究极化变化导致的模空间变化，从而部分描述X的双有理几何。
We apply virtual localization to the problem of finding blowup formulae for virtual sheaf-theoretic invariants on a smooth projective surface. This leads to a general procedure that can be used to express virtual enumerative invariants on the blowup in terms of those on the original surface. We use an enhanced master space construction over the moduli spaces of $m$-stable sheaves introduced by Nakajima and Yoshioka. Our work extends their analogous results for the equivariant moduli spaces of framed sheaves on $\mathbb{P}^2$. In contrast to their work, we make no use of GIT methods and work wi…
We formulate conjectural blowup formulas for Segre and Verlinde numbers on moduli spaces of sheaves on projective surfaces $S$ with $p_g(S)>0$ and $b_1(S)=0$. As applications we give a give a conjectural formula for the Donaldson invariants of $S$ in arbitrary rank, as well as for the $K$-theoretic Donaldson invariants, and some Donaldson invariants with fundamental matters.
A degree one del Pezzo surface is the blowup of P^2 at 8 general points. By the classical Cayley-Bacharach Theorem, there is a unique 9th point whose blowup produces a rational elliptic surface with a section. Via this relationship, we construct a stable pair compactification of the moduli space of anti-canonically polarized degree one del Pezzo surfaces.
The relationship between stable holomorphic vector bundles on a compact complex surface and the same such objects on a blowup of the surface is investigated, where "stability" is with respect to a Gauduchon metric on the surface and naturally derived such metrics on the blowup. The main results are: descriptions of holomorphic vector bundles on a blowup; conditions relating (semi)-stability of these to that of their direct images on the surface; sheaf-theoretic constructions for "stabilising" unstable bundles and desingularising moduli of stable bundles; an analysis of the behaviour of Hermiti…
We construct quasi-projective moduli spaces of $K$-general lattice polarized irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds. Moreover, we study their Baily--Borel compactification and investigate a relation between one-dimensional boundary components and equivalence classes of rational Lagrangian fibrations defined on mirror manifolds.
We study moduli of holomorphic vector bundles on non-compact varieties. We discuss filtrability and algebraicity of bundles and calculate dimensions of local moduli. As particularly interesting examples, we describe numerical invariants of bundles on some local Calabi-Yau threefolds.
A holomorphic chain on a compact Riemann surface is a tuple of vector bundles together with homomorphisms between them. We show that the moduli space of holomorphic chains of rank one is identified with a fiber product of projective space bundles. We compute the Euler characteristic of the moduli space. The stability of chains involves real vector parameters. We also show that the variation of parameters corresponds to the characters of Gm.
Oriented Cohomology Rings of Some Moduli Spaces via Blowups
本文通过定向余弦理论的加法吹胀公式，研究了光滑方案沿光滑中心的吹胀的定向余弦环，并给出了del Pezzo表面、P^3沿扭曲三次曲线的吹胀以及P^5沿Veronese面的吹胀的显式例子，展示了如何用任意定向余弦理论解决经典枚举几何问题。
This article describes some complex-analytic aspects of the moduli space of the finite-dimensional complex representations of a finite quiver, which are stable with respect to a fixed rational weight. We construct a natural structure of a complex manifold on this moduli space, and a Kähler metric on the complex manifold. We then define a Hermitian holomorphic line bundle on the moduli space, and show that its curvature is a rational multiple of the Kähler form.
There is an isomorphism between the moduli spaces of $σ$-stable holomorphic triples and some of the critical submanifolds of the moduli space of $k$-Higgs bundles of rank three, whose elements $(E,φ^k)$ correspond to variations of Hodge structure, VHS. There are special embeddings on the moduli spaces of $k$-Higgs bundles of rank three. The main objective here is to study the cohomology of the critical submanifolds of such moduli spaces, extending those embeddings to moduli spaces of holomorphic triples.
Let $X$ be a compact Riemann surface of genus $g \geq 3$. We consider the moduli space of holomorphic connections over $X$ and the moduli space of logarithmic connections singular over a finite subset of $X$ with fixed residues. We determine the Chow group of these moduli spaces. We compute the global sections of the sheaves of differential operators on ample line bundles and their symmetric powers over these moduli spaces, and show that they are constant under certain condition. We show the Torelli type theorem for the moduli space of logarithmic connections. We also describe the rational con…
We describe sequences of blowups of $\overline{M}_{0,5} \times \overline{M}_{0,5}$ and $\mathbf{P}^2 \times \mathbf{P}^2$ yielding a small resolution of the stable pair compactification $\overline{M}(3,6)$ of the moduli space $M(3,6)$ of six lines in $\mathbf{P}^2$. These blowup sequences can be viewed, respectively, as generalizations of Keel's and Kapranov's constructions of $\overline{M}_{0,n}$. We use these blowup sequences to describe the intersection theory of $\overline{M}(3,6)$. In particular, we show that the Chow ring of any small resolution of $\overline{M}(3,6)$ has a presentation …
In this paper we consider unramified coverings of the moduli space $\mathcal{M}_g$ of smooth projective complex curves of genus $g$. Under some hypothesis on the branch locus of the finite extended map to the Deligne-Mumford compactification, we prove the vanishing of the vector space of holomorphic 1-forms on the preimage of the smooth locus of $\mathcal{M}_g$. This applies to several moduli spaces, as the moduli space of curves with 2-level structures, of spin curves and of Prym curves. In particular, we obtain that there are no non-trivial holomorphic 1-forms on the smooth open set of the P…
Moduli spaces of polarised (with fixed polarisation type) irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds deformation equivalent to Hilbert schemes of points on $K3$ surfaces are not connected in general and A. Apostolov counted the number of their components. We extend Apostolov's results to the case of manifolds deformation equivalent to generalised Kummer varieties.
Counts of holomorphic disks are at the heart of the SYZ approach to mirror symmetry. In the non archimedean framework, these counts are expressed as counts of analytic cylinders. In simple cases, such as cluster varieties, these counts can be extracted from a combinatorial algorithm encoded by a scattering diagram. The relevant scattering diagram encodes information about infinitesimal analytic cylinders. In this paper, we give a formula relating counts of a restricted class of cylinders on affine log Calabi Yau surfaces to counts on a single blowup of a toric surface, using non archimedean Gr…
We prove that the moduli stack of Bridgeland semistable holomorphic triples over a curve of $g(C)\geq 1$ with a fixed numerical class and phase is an algebraic stack of finite type over $\mathbb{C}$ and admits a proper good moduli space. We prove that this also holds for a class of Bridgeland stability conditions on the category of holomorphic chains $\mathcal{T}_{C,n}$. In the process, we construct an explicit geometric realisation of $\mathcal{T}_{C,n}$ and prove the open heart property for noetherian hearts in admissible categories of $D^b(X)$, where $X$ is a smooth projective variety over …
Holomorphic differential forms on moduli spaces of stable curves
本文证明稳定曲线模空间上的全纯$p$-形式在$p=14,16,18$时无条件消失，$p=20$时在$g=3$的自然假设下消失，结果与朗兰兹纲领一致，采用Arbarello-Cornalba归纳方法。
The naive blow-up algebras developed by Keeler-Rogalski-Stafford, after examples of Rogalski, are the first known class of connected graded algebras that are noetherian but not strongly noetherian. This failure of the strong noetherian property is intimately related to the failure of the point modules over such algebras to behave well in families: puzzlingly, there is no fine moduli scheme for such modules, although point modules correspond bijectively with the points of a projective variety X. We give a geometric structure to this bijection and prove that the variety X is a coarse moduli spac…
The cohomology ring of the moduli space of stable holomorphic vector bundles of rank n and degree d over a Riemann surface of genus g>1 has a standard set of generators when n and d are coprime. When n=2 the relations between these generators are well understood, and in particular a conjecture of Mumford, that a certain set of relations is a complete set, is known to be true. In this article generalisations are given of Mumford's relations to the cases when n>2 and also when the bundles are parabolic bundles, and these are shown to form complete sets of relations.
Let $X$ be a compact connected Riemann surface of genus at least two and $G$ a connected reductive complex affine algebraic group. The Riemann--Hilbert correspondence produces a biholomorphism between the moduli space ${\mathcal M}_X(G)$ parametrizing holomorphic $G$--connections on $X$ and the $G$--character variety $${\mathcal R}(G):= \text{Hom}(π_1(X, x_0), G)/\!\!/G\, .$$ While ${\mathcal R}(G)$ is known to be affine, we show that ${\mathcal M}_X(G)$ is not affine. The scheme ${\mathcal R}(G)$ has an algebraic symplectic form constructed by Goldman. We construct an algebraic symplectic for…
We prove that actions of complex reductive Lie groups on a holomorphic vector bundle over a complex compact manifold are locally extendable to its local moduli space.
Finite-dimensional construction of self-duality and related moduli spaces over a closed Riemann surface as stratified holomorphic symplectic spaces
本文通过有限维全纯辛约简，在闭黎曼曲面上构建自对偶性及相关模空间的分层全纯辛结构。
Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g\geq 2$ over the complex numbers. A holomorphic pair on $X$ is a couple $(E,ϕ)$, where $E$ is a holomorphic bundle over $X$ of rank $n$ and degree $d$, and $ϕ\in H^0(E)$ is a holomorphic section. In this paper, we determine the Hodge polynomials of the moduli spaces of rank 2 pairs, using the theory of mixed Hodge structures. We also deal with the case in which $E$ has fixed determinant.
We give a mathematically rigorous proof of Nekrasov's conjecture: the integration in the equivariant cohomology over the moduli spaces of instantons on $\mathbb R^4$ gives a deformation of the Seiberg-Witten prepotential for N=2 SUSY Yang-Mills theory. Through a study of moduli spaces on the blowup of $\mathbb R^4$, we derive a differential equation for the Nekrasov's partition function. It is a deformation of the equation for the Seiberg-Witten prepotential, found by Losev et al., and further studied by Gorsky et al.
Let $\mathcal{M}$ be a moduli space of polystable rank 2-bundles bundles with fixed determinant (a moduli space of $\mathrm{PU}(2)$-instantons) on a Gauduchon surface with $p_g=0$ and $b_1=1$. We study the holomorphic structure of $\mathcal{M}$ around a circle $\mathcal{T}$ of regular reductions. Our model space is a "blowup flip passage", which is a manifold with boundary whose boundary is a projective fibration, and whose interior comes with a natural complex structure. We prove that a neighborhood of the boundary of the blowup $\hat{\mathcal{M}}_{\mathcal{T}}$ of $\mathcal{M}$ at $\mathcal{…
This is the first of two papers studying moduli spaces of a certain class of coherent sheaves, which we call {\it stable perverse coherent sheaves}, on the blowup of a projective surface. They are used to relate usual moduli spaces of stable sheaves on a surface and its blowup. In this first part, we give a quiver (or ADHM) description of moduli spaces for framed perverse coherent sheaves on the blowup of the projective plane.
We complete the holomorphic anomaly equations for topological strings with their dependence on open moduli. We obtain the complete system by standard path integral arguments generalizing the analysis of BCOV (Commun. Math. Phys. 165 (1994) 311) to strings with boundaries. We study both the anti-holomorphic dependence on open moduli and on closed moduli in presence of Wilson lines. By providing the compactification a' la Deligne-Mumford of the moduli space of Riemann surfaces with boundaries, we show that the open holomorphic anomaly equations are structured on the (real codimension one) bounda…
On moduli spaces of vector bundles on $K3^{[n]}$-type IHS manifolds
研究$K3^{[n]}$型不可约辛流形上模向量丛的模空间，在数值条件下证明其连通分支仍为$K3^{[n]}$型辛流形，且万有族诱导与原流形的导出等价。
We study anti-holomorphic involutions of the moduli space of principal $G$-Higgs bundles over a compact Riemann surface $X$, where $G$ is a complex semisimple Lie group. These involutions are defined by fixing anti-holomorphic involutions on both $X$ and $G$. We analyze the fixed point locus in the moduli space and their relation with representations of the orbifold fundamental group of $X$ equipped with the anti-holomorphic involution. We also study the relation with branes. This generalizes work by Biswas--Garc\'ıa-Prada--Hurtubise and Baraglia--Schaposnik.
The new compactification of moduli scheme of Gieseker-stable vector bundles with the given Hilbert polynomial on a smooth projective polarized surface (S;H), over the field k = \bar k of zero characteristic, is constructed in previous papers of the author. Families of locally free sheaves on the surface S are completed by the locally free sheaves on the schemes which are certain modifications of S. We obtain the class of modified surfaces to appear in the construction. Keywords: moduli space, semistable coherent sheaves, blowup algebra, algebraic surface.
We regard the pre-hyperkähler structure on the moduli space of framed flags of sheaves $\mathcal{F}(1,3,1)$ on the projective plane $\mathbb{P}^2$ via an adaptation of the ADHM construction of framed sheaves. Then, we study and categorize the degenerate points of the holomorphic pre-symplectic form presented in the moduli space.
We compute the asymptotics of the number of connected branched coverings of a torus as their degree goes to infinity and the ramification type stays fixed. These numbers are equal to the volumes of the moduli spaces of pairs (curve, holomorphic differential) with fixed multiplicities of zeros of the differential and have several applications in ergodic theory.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g\geq 2$ over the complex numbers. A holomorphic triple $(E_1,E_2,ϕ)$ on $X$ consists of two holomorphic vector bundles $E_{1}$ and $E_{2}$ over $X$ and a holomorphic map $ϕ\colon E_{2} \to E_{1}$. There is a concept of stability for triples which depends on a real parameter $σ$. In this paper, we determine the Hodge polynomials of the moduli spaces of $σ$-stable triples with $\mathrm{rk}(E_1)=\mathrm{rk}(E_2)=2$, using the theory of mixed Hodge structures (in the cases that they are smooth and compact). This gives in particular the Poincar{é} pol…
In this note we identify two complex structures (one is given by algebraic geometry, the other by gauge theory) on the set of isomorphism classes of holomorphic bundles with section on a given compact complex manifold. In the case of line bundles, these complex spaces are shown to be isomorphic to a space of effective divisors on the manifold.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g\geq 2$ over the complex numbers. A holomorphic triple $(E_1,E_2,ϕ)$ on $X$ consists of two holomorphic vector bundles $E_1$ and $E_2$ over $X$ and a holomorphic map $ϕ:E_2 \to E_1$. There is a concept of stability for triples which depends on a real parameter $σ$. In this paper, we determine the Hodge polynomials of the moduli spaces of $σ$-stable triples with $\rk(E_1)=3$, $\rk(E_2)=1$, using the theory of mixed Hodge structures. This gives in particular the Poincaré polynomials of these moduli spaces. As a byproduct, we recover the Hodge polyn…
We study the moduli space of $J$-holomorphic subvarieties in a $4$-dimensional symplectic manifold. For an arbitrary tamed almost complex structure, we show that the moduli space of a sphere class is formed by a family of linear system structures as in algebraic geometry. Among the applications, we show various uniqueness results of $J$-holomorphic subvarieties, e.g. for the fiber and exceptional classes in irrational ruled surfaces. On the other hand, non-uniqueness and other exotic phenomena of subvarieties in complex rational surfaces are explored. In particular, connected subvarieties in a…
Using the $L^2$ norm of the Higgs field as a Morse function, we study the moduli spaces of $U(p,q)$-Higgs bundles over a Riemann surface. We require that the genus of the surface be at least two, but place no constraints on $(p,q)$. A key step is the identification of the function's local minima as moduli spaces of holomorphic triples. We prove that these moduli spaces of triples are irreducible and non-empty. Because of the relation between flat bundles and fundamental group representations, we can interpret our conclusions as results about the number of connected components in the moduli spa…
A smooth but non-symplectic moduli of sheaves on a hyperkähler variety
该数学研究针对n>1的广义Kummer簇上的稳定向量丛，证明了含0次线丛相关 tautological 丛的模空间连通分支同构于对偶阿贝尔曲面的单点爆破，给出首个具非平凡典范丛的光滑模分支显式例。
A holomorphic triple over a compact Riemann surface consists of two holomorphic vector bundles and a holomorphic map between them. After fixing the topological types of the bundles and a real parameter, there exist moduli spaces of stable holomorphic triples. In this paper we study non-emptiness, irreducibility, smoothness, and birational descriptions of these moduli spaces for a certain range of the parameter. Our results have important applications to the study of the moduli space of representations of the fundamental group of the surface into unitary Lie groups of indefinite signature, whic…
Several situations are known when a holomorphic 2-form on a moduli space of sheaves over some base S is induced by a holomorphic 2-form on S. Moreover, the closedness of the 2-form on the base implies the closedness on the moduli space, which provides a stock of symplectic structures on moduli spaces (Mukai, Kobayashi, O'Grady, Tyurin, Huybrechts--Lehn). A parallel theory was developed for bivector fields and Poisson structures (Bottacin). However, there exist symplectic moduli spaces of sheaves over bases that have no holomorphic forms at all. A well-known example (Beauville--Donagi) is the f…
A holomorphic torsion invariant of K3 surfaces with involution was introduced by the second-named author. In this paper, we completely determine its structure as an automorphic function on the moduli space of such K3 surfaces. On every component of the moduli space, it is expressed as the product of an explicit Borcherds lift and a classical Siegel modular form. We also introduce its twisted version. We prove its modularity and a certain uniqueness of the modular form corresponding to the twisted holomorphic torsion invariant. This is used to study an equivariant analogue of Borcherds' conject…
We study holomorphic $(n+1)$-chains $E_n\to E_{n-1} \to >... \to E_0$ consisting of holomorphic vector bundles over a compact Riemann surface and homomorphisms between them. A notion of stability depending on $n$ real parameters was introduced in the work of the first two authors and moduli spaces were constructed by the third one. In this paper we study the variation of the moduli spaces with respect to the stability parameters. In particular we characterize a parameter region where the moduli spaces are birationally equivalent. A detailed study is given for the case of 3-chains, generalizing…
Non-isomorphic smooth compactifications of the moduli space of cubic surfaces
针对复三次曲面模空间的Kirwan爆破与环面紧化因上同调相同是否同构的问题，证明二者在Grothendieck环中等价但非同构、非$K$-等价，并建立相关奇点与典范类的研究技术。
Moduli spaces of stable objects in the derived category of a $K3$ surface provide a large class of holomorphic symplectic varieties. In this paper, we study the interplay between Chern classes of stable objects and zero-cycles on holomorphic symplectic varieties which arise as moduli spaces. First, we show that the second Chern class of any object in the derived category lies in a suitable piece of O'Grady's filtration on the $\mathrm{CH}_0$-group of the $K3$ surface. This solves a conjecture of O'Grady and improves on previous results of Huybrechts, O'Grady, and Voisin. Then we propose a cand…
The sign of scalar curvature on Kähler blowups
该研究证明了Kähler吹胀后度量的标量曲率可任意接近原度量的标量曲率，并完善了正标量曲率Kähler曲面的分类。
Holomorphic maps between moduli spaces II
本文证明当g≥4且g'≤3·2^(g-3)时，遗忘映射是模空间ℳ_(g,r)到ℳ_(g',r')之间唯一的非常数全纯映射，解决了模空间全纯映射的唯一性问题。
Holomorphic forms and non-tautological cycles on moduli spaces of curves
本文利用曲线模空间上的全纯形式构造新的非重言代数上同调类，推广了Graber–Pandharipande和van Zelm关于双椭圆闭链的工作，证明了无穷多个$\mathcal{M}_{g,n}$及$g=12$和$g\geq16$时$\mathcal{M}_g$上存在非重言类。
In this note we derive from deep results due to Clozel-Ullmo the density of Noether-Lefschetz loci inside the moduli space of marked (polarized) irreducible holomorphic symplectic (IHS) varieties. In particular we obtain the density of Hilbert schemes of points on projective $K3$ surfaces and of projective generalized Kummer varieties in their moduli spaces. We present applications to the existence of rational curves on projective deformations of such varieties, to the study of relevant cones of divisors, and a refinement of Hassett's result on cubic fourfolds whose Fano variety of lines is is…
We study the curvature of the moduli space M_g of curves of genus g with the Siegel metric induced by the period map. We give an explicit formula for the holomorphic sectional curvature of M_g along a Schiffer variation at a point P on the curve X, in terms of the holomorphic sectional curvature of A_g and the second Gaussian map. Finally we extend the Kaehler form of the Siegel metric as a closed current on the Deligne-Mumford compatification of M_g and we determine its cohomology class as a multiple of the first Chern class of the Hodge bundle.
We give a comparative description of the Poisson structures on the moduli spaces of flat connections on real surfaces and holomorphic Poisson structures on the moduli spaces of holomorphic bundles on complex surfaces. The symplectic leaves of the latter are classified by restrictions of the bundles to certain divisors. This can be regarded as fixing a "complex analogue of the holonomy" of a connection along a "complex analogue of the boundary" in analogy with the real case.
Moduli spaces of stably irreducible sheaves on Kodaira surfaces belong to the short list of examples of smooth and compact holomorphic symplectic manifolds, and it is not yet known how they fit into the classification of holomorphic symplectic manifolds by deformation type. This paper studies a natural Lagrangian fibration on these moduli spaces to determine that they are not Kähler or simply connected, ruling out most of the known deformation types of holomorphic symplectic manifolds.
We prove a formula for Chow groups of $Quot$-schemes which resolve degeneracy loci of a map between vector bundles, under expected dimension conditions. This result provides a unified way to understand known formulae for various geometric situations such as blowups, Cayley's trick, projectivizations, Grassmannian bundles, flops from Springer type resolutions, as well as provide new phenomena such as formulae for Grassmannain type flips/flops and virtual flips. We also give applications to blowups of determinantal ideals, moduli spaces of linear series on curves, and Hilbert schemes of points o…
We define a new family of open Gromov-Witten type invariants based on intersection theory on the moduli space of pseudoholomorphic curves of arbitrary genus with boundary in a Lagrangian submanifold. We assume the Lagrangian submanifold arises as the fixed points of an anti-symplectic involution and has dimension 2 or 3. In the strongly semi-positive genus 0 case, the new invariants coincide with Welschinger's invariant counts of real pseudoholomorphic curves. Furthermore, we calculate the new invariant for the real quintic threefold in genus 0 and degree 1 to be 30.
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