Let $Ω=\{r<0\}\subset\mathbb C^2$, with $r$ plurisubharmonic on $bΩ=\{r=0\}$. Let $ρ$ be another defining function for $Ω$. A formula for the determinant of the complex Hessian of $ρ$ in terms of $r$ is computed. This formula is used to give necessary and sufficient conditions that make $ρ$ (locally) plurisubharmonic.
Necessary conditions for a domain $Ω\subset \mathbb C^n$ admitting a local plurisubharmonic defining function on the boundary are given. In tandem, we give an algorithm to construct a local plurisubharmonic defining function on the boundary when one exists. In some cases we show that the necessary conditions are also sufficient.
We investigate the question of existence of plurisubharmonic defining functions for smoothly bounded, pseudoconvex domains in $\mathbb{C}^2$. In particular, we construct a family of simple counterexamples to the existence of plurisubharmonic smooth local defining functions. Moreover, we give general criteria equivalent to the existence of plurisubharmonic smooth defining functions on or near the boundary of the domain. These equivalent characterizations are then explored for some classes of domains.
Let D be a smoothly bounded domain in C^2. Suppose that D admits a smooth defining function which is plurisubharmonic on the boundary of D. Then the Diederich-Fornaess exponent can be chosen arbitrarily close to 1, and the closure of D admits a Stein neighborhood basis.
Let D be a smoothly bounded domain in complex space of dimension larger than 2. Suppose that D admits a smooth defining function which is plurisubharmonic on the boundary of D. Then the Diederich-Fornaess exponent can be chosen arbitrarily close to 1, and the closure of D admits a Stein neighborhood basis.
We show that every strictly pseudoconvex domain $Ω$ with smooth boundary in a complex manifold $\mathcal{M}$ admits a global defining function, i.e., a smooth plurisubharmonic function $φ\colon U \to \mathbb R$ defined on an open neighbourhood $U \subset \mathcal{M}$ of $\overlineΩ$ such that $Ω= \{φ< 0\}$, $dφ\neq 0$ on $bΩ$ and $φ$ is strictly plurisubharmonic near $bΩ$. We then introduce the notion of the core $\mathfrak{c}(Ω)$ of an arbitrary domain $Ω\subset \mathcal{M}$ as the set of all points where every smooth and bounded from above plurisubharmonic function on $Ω$ fails to be strictl…
We show that the approaches to global regularity of the d-bar Neumann problem via the methods listed in the title are equivalent when the conditions involved are suitably modified. These modified conditions are also equivalent to one that is relevant in the context of Stein neighborhood bases and Mergelyan type approximation.
We show that every bounded domain $D$ in $\mathbb R^n$ with smooth $p$-convex boundary for $2\le p < n$ admits a smooth defining function $ρ$ which is $p$-plurisubharmonic on $\overline D$; if in addition $bD$ has no $p$-flat points then $ρ$ can be chosen strongly $p$-plurisubharmonic on $D$. If $bD$ is $2$-convex then for any open connected conformal surface $M$ and conformal harmonic map $f:M\to \overline D$, either $f(M)\subset D$ or $f(M)\subset bD$. In particular, every conformal harmonic map $\mathbb D^*\to D$ from the punctured disc extends to a conformal harmonic map $\mathbb D\to D$.
We prove several results on homogeneous plurisubharmonic polynomials on $\mathbb{C}^n$, $n\in\mathbb{Z}_{\geq 2}$. Said results are relevant to the problem of constructing local bumpings at boundary points of pseudoconvex domains of finite D'Angelo $1$-type in $\mathbb{C}^{n+1}$.
We show that in $\mathbb{C}^2$ if the set of strongly regular points are closed in the boundary of a smooth bounded pseudoconvex domain, then the domain is c-regular, that is, the plurisubharmonic upper envelopes of functions continuous up to the boundary are continuous on the closure of the domain. Using this result we prove that smooth bounded pseudoconvex Reinhardt domains in $\mathbb{C}^{2}$ are $c$-regular.
Local-to-global maximality for plurisubharmonic functions with locally analytic singularities
Institute for Artificial Intelligence, VNU University of Engineering and Technology(越南国立大学工程技术大学人工智能研究所);Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore(新加坡国立大学数学系)
In this paper, we use Takeuchi's Theorem to show that for every Lipschitz pseudoconvex domain $Ω$ in $\mathbb{CP}^n$ there exists a Lipschitz defining function $ρ$ and an exponent $0<η<1$ such that $-(-ρ)^η$ is strictly plurisubharmonic on $Ω$. This generalizes a result of Ohsawa and Sibony for $C^2$ domains. In contrast to the Ohsawa-Sibony result, we provide a counterexample demonstrating that we may not assume $ρ=-δ$, where $δ$ is the geodesic distance function for the boundary of $Ω$.
Each extreme edge of the Newton diagram of a plurisubharmonic polynomial on $\mathbb{C}^2$ gives rise to a plurisubharmonic polynomial. It is tempting to believe that the union of the extreme edges or the convex hull of said union will do the same. We construct a plurisubharmonic polynomial $P$ on $\mathbb{C}^2$ with precisely two extreme edges $E_1$ and $E_2$, such that neither $E_1\cup{E_2}$ nor $\text{Conv}({E_1\cup{}E_2})$ yields a plurisubharmonic polynomial.
In this paper we solve the Dirichlet problems for different classes of plurisubharmonic functions on compact sets in $\mathbb C^n$ including continuous, pluriharmonic and maximal functions.
In this paper we derive formulas for the Monge-Ampère measures of functions of the form $\log|Φ|_c$, where $Φ$ is a holomorphic map on a complex manifold $X$ of dimension $n$ with values in $\mathbb{C}^{n+1}\setminus\{0\}$ and $|\cdot|_c$ is the Lie norm on $\mathbb{C}^{n+1}$.
In this paper, we prove that a continuous $\mathcal F$-plurisubharmonic functions defined in an $\mathcal F$-open set in $\mathbb C^n$ is $\mathcal F$-maximal if and only if it is $\mathcal F$-locally $\mathcal F$-maximal.
In this note we study the plurifinely locally maximal plurifinely plurisubharmonic functions and improve some known results on these functions. We prove in particular that any locally bounded plurifinely locally maximal plurifinely plurisubharmonic function is maximal, and that any finite plurisubharmonic function on an open subset of $\mathbb{C}^n$ is maximal if and only if it is plurifinely locally maximal.
Our interest is the behavior of weak geodesics between two plurisubharmonic functions on pseudoconvex domains. We characterize the convergence condition along the geodesic between toric psh functions with a pole at origin on a unit ball in $\mathbb{C}^n$ by means of Lelong numbers.
In this paper, we extend some recent results of Guedj-Lu-Zeriahi about psh envelopes of bounded functions on bounded domains in $\mathbb{C}^n$. We also present a result on the regularity of psh envelopes.
We prove that for every $n \ge 2$, there exists a pseudoconvex domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{C}^n$ such that $\mathfrak{c}^0(Ω) \subsetneq \mathfrak{c}^1(Ω)$, where $\mathfrak{c}^k(Ω)$ denotes the core of $Ω$ with respect to $\mathcal{C}^k$-smooth plurisubharmonic functions on $Ω$. Moreover, we show that there exists a bounded continuous plurisubharmonic function on $Ω$ that is not the pointwise limit of a sequence of $\mathcal{C}^1$-smooth bounded plurisubharmonic functions on $Ω$.
We construct examples of plurisubharmonic functions with isolated singularities at $0\in \mathbb{C}^n$, whose residual Monge-Ampère masses at the origin can not be approximated by masses of analytic approximations obtained via multiplier ideals. This answers negatively a conjecture of Demailly.
Given a negative plurisubharmonic function $ϕ$ in a bounded pseudoconvex domain of ${\mathbb C}^n$, we introduce and study its residual function $g_ϕ$ determined by the asymptotic behavior of $ϕ$ near its singularity points, both inside the domain and on its boundary. For certain choices of $ϕ$, the function $g_ϕ$ coincides with different versions of pluricomplex Green functions. The considerations are motivated by a problem on when two given plurisubharmonic functions can be connected by a plurisubharmonic geodesic.
We characterise in this work the $q$-plurisubharmonic functions in terms of the theory of viscosity solutions. We show that an upper semicontinuous function is $q$-plurisubharmonic if and only if its complex Hessian has at most $q$ strictly negative eigenvalues in the viscosity sense. This characterisation is then used to prove that the supremum convolution of a (strictly) $q$-plurisubharmonic function is again (strictly) $q$-plurisubharmonic on a maybe different set of definition. Finally, we use the supremum convolution to deduce a new characterisation for the $q$-pseudoconvex subsets in $\m…
Let $X$ be an algebraic subvariety of $\mathbb C^n$ and $\bar X$ be its closure in $\mathbb P^n.$ In their paper \cite{CGZ} Coman-Guedj-Zeriahi proved that any plurisubharmonic function with logarithmic growth on $X$ extends to a plurisubharmonic function with logarithmic growth on $\mathbb C^n$ when the germs $(\bar X,a)$ in $\mathbb P^n$ are irreducible for all $a\in \bar X\setminus X.$ In this paper we consider $X$ for which the germ $(\bar X,a)$ is reducible for some $a\in \bar X\setminus X$ and we give a necessary and sufficient condition for $X$ so that any plurisubharmonic function with…
Let $φ$ be a plurisubharmonic function on a pseudoconvex domain $D \subset \mathbb C^n$. We show that there exists a nonzero holomorphic function $f$ on $D$ such that some local mean value of $φ$ with logarithmic additional terms majorizes $\log |f|$. A similar problem is discussed for a locally integrable function on $D$ in terms of balayage of positive measures. Key words: holomorphic function, plurisubharmonicity, minorant, balayage, Jensen inequality, mean value in the ball.
Let $u$ be a maximal plurisubharmonic function in a domain $Ω\subset\mathbb{C}^n$ ($n\geq 2$). It is classical that, for any $U\SubsetΩ$, there exists a sequence of bounded plurisubharmonic functions $PSH(U)\ni u_j\searrow u$ satisfying the property: $(dd^c u_j)^n$ is weakly convergent to $0$ as $j\rightarrow\infty$. In general, this property does not hold for arbitrary sequence. In this paper, we show that for any sequence of bounded plurisubharmonic functions $PSH(U)\ni u_j\searrow u$, $(|u_j|+1)^{-a} (dd^cu_j)^n$ is weakly convergent to $0$ as $j\rightarrow\infty$, where $a>n-1$. We also ge…
In this paper, we study a geometric property of a continuous plurisubharmonic function which is a solution of the Monge-Ampère equation and has a convex level set. To prove our main theorem, we show a minimum principle of a maximal plurisubharmonic function. By using our results and Lempert's results, we show a relation between the supports of the Monge-Ampère currents and complex $k$-extreme points of closed balls for the Kobayashi distance in a bounded convex domain in $\mathbb{C}^{n}$.
We study geodesics for plurisubharmonic functions from the Cegrell class ${\mathcal F}_1$ on a bounded hyperconvex domain of ${\mathbb C}^n$ and show that, as in the case of metrics on Kähler compact menifolds, they linearize an energy functional. As a consequence, we get a uniqueness theorem for functions from ${\mathcal F}_1$ in terms of total masses of certain mixed Monge-Ampère currents. Geodesics of relative extremal functions are considered and a reverse Brunn-Minkowski inequality is proved for capacities of multiplicative combinations of multi-circled compact sets. We also show that fun…
We study the plurisubharmonic envelopes of functions in the setting of domains in $\mathbb C^n$. In particular we prove a complex analogue of a result of De Philippis and Figalli concerning the optimal regularity of such envelopes in smooth strictly pseudoconvex domains.
Many fundamental results of pluripotential theory on the quaternionic space $\mathbb{H}^n$ are extended to the Heisenberg group. We introduce notions of a plurisubharmonic function, the quaternionic Monge-Ampère operator, differential operators $d_0$ and $d_1$ and a closed positive current on the Heisenberg group. The quaternionic Monge-Ampère operator is the coefficient of $ (d_0d_1u)^n$. We establish the Chern-Levine-Nirenberg type estimate, the existence of quaternionic Monge-Ampère measure for a continuous quaternionic plurisubharmonic function and the minimum principle for the quaternioni…
The Minkowski function is a crucial tool used in the study of balanced domains and, more generally, quasi-balanced domains in several complex variables. If a quasi-balanced domain is bounded and pseudoconvex then it is well-known that its Minkowski function is plurisubharmonic. In this short note, we prove that under the additional assumption of smoothness of the boundary, the Minkowski function of a quasi-balanced domain is in fact smooth away from the origin. This allows us to construct a smooth plurisubharmonic defining function for such domains. Our result is new even in the case of balanc…
Comparison principles for local plurisubharmonic potentials on complex manifolds and applications
Institute for Artificial Intelligence, VNU University of Engineering and Technology(越南国立大学工程技术大学人工智能研究所);Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore(新加坡国立大学数学系)
In this paper, we establish the quaternionic versions of the potential description of various "small" sets related to the quaternionic plurisubharmonic functions in $\mathbb{H}^n$. We use the quaternionic capacity introduced in \cite{wan4} to characterize the $(-\infty)$-sets of plurisubharmonic functions, as the sets of the vanishing capacity. The latter requirement is also equivalent to the negligibility of the set. We also prove the Josefson's theorem on the equivalence of the locally and globally quaternionic polar sets in $\mathbb{H}^n$, following the method of Bedford-Taylor.
Consider a compact Kähler manifold $(X,ω)$ and the space $\cal E(X,ω)=\cal E$ of $ω$--plurisubharmonic functions of full Monge--Ampère mass on it. We introduce a quantity $ρ[u,v]$ to measure the distance between $u, v\in\cal E$; $ρ[u,v]$ is not a number but rather a decreasing function on a certain interval $(0,V)\subset\mathbb R$. We explore properties of $ρ[u,v]$, and using them we study Lagrangians and associated energy spaces of $ω$--plurisubharmonic functions. Many results here generalize Darvas's findings about his metrics $d_χ$.
In this paper we construct for every integer $n>1$ a complex manifold of dimension $n$ which is exhausted by an increasing sequence of biholomorphic images of $\mathbb C^n$ (i.e., a long $\mathbb C^n$), but it does not admit any nonconstant holomorphic or plurisubharmonic functions. Furthermore, we introduce new biholomorphic invariants of a complex manifold $X$, the stable core and the strongly stable core, that are based on the long term behavior of hulls of compact sets with respect to an exhaustion of $X$. We show that every compact polynomially convex set $B\subset \mathbb C^n$ which is t…
Let $M$ be a compact, pseudoconvex-oriented, $(2n+1)$-dimensional, abstract CR manifold of hypersurface type, $n\geq 2$. We prove the following: (i) If $M$ admits a strictly CR-plurisubharmonic function on $(0,q_0)$-forms, then the complex Green operator $G_q$ exists and is continuous on $L^2_{0,q}(M)$ for degrees $q_0\le q\le n-q_0$. In the case that $q_0=1$, we also establish continuity for $G_0$ and $G_n$. Additionally, the $\bar\partial_b$-equation on $M$ can be solved in $C^\infty(M)$. (ii) If $M$ satisfies "a weak compactness property" on $(0,q_0)$-forms, then $G_q$ is a continuous opera…
The aim of this paper is to study the Lelong number, the integrability index and the Monge-Ampère mass at the origin of an $S^1$-invariant plurisubharmonic function on a balanced domain in $\mathbb{C}^n$ under the Schwarz symmetrization. We prove that $n$ times the integrability index is exactly the Lelong number of the symmetrization, and if the function is further toric with a single pole at the origin, then the Monge-Ampère mass is always decreasing under the symmetrization
On the Ohsawa-Takegoshi $L^2$ extension theorem and removable singularities of plurisubharmonic functions
CAS Wu Wen-Tsun Key Laboratory of Mathematics and School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学数学科学学院、中国科学院吴文俊数学重点实验室)
We construct a special plurisubharmonic defining function for a smoothly bounded strictly pseudoconvex domain so that the determinant of the complex Hessian vanishes to high order on the boundary. This construction, coupled with regularity of solutions of complex Monge-Ampere equation and the reflection principle, enables us to give a new proof of the Fefferman mapping theorem.
Let $K$ be a compact subset of a totally-real manifold $M$, where $M$ is either a $\mathcal{C}^2$-smooth graph in $\mathbb{C}^{2n}$ over $\mathbb{C}^n$, or $M=u^{-1}\{0\}$ for a $\mathcal{C}^2$-smooth submersion $u$ from $\mathbb{C}^n$ to $\mathbb{R}^{2n-k}$, $k\leq n$. In this case we show that $K$ is polynomially convex if and only if for a fixed neighbourhood $U$, defined in terms of the defining functions of $M$, there exists a plurisubharmonic function $Ψ$ on $\mathbb{C}^n$ such that $K\subset \{Ψ<0\}\subset U$.
Let $f$ be a Hénon-Sibony map (regular polynomial automorphism) of $\mathbb{C}^k$ and let $μ$ be the equilibrium measure of $f$. In this paper we prove that $μ$ is exponentially mixing for plurisubharmonic test functions.
In this paper we study the boundary values of harmonic and holo- morphic functions in the weighted Hardy spaces on the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$. These spaces were introduced by Poletsky and Stessin in [6] for plurisubharmonic functions on hyperconvex domains $D \subset \mathbb{C}^n$ as generalizations of classical Hardy spaces. We show that in the case when $D$ is the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ the theory of boundary values for functions in these spaces is analogous to the classical one.
Characterization of Sobolev regularity of plurisubharmonic functions
School of Mathematics (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University(中山大学数学学院(珠海));Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院)
We extend certain classical theorems in pluripotential theory to a class of functions defined on the support of a $(1,1)$-closed positive current $T$, analogous to plurisubharmonic functions, called $T$-plurisubharmonic functions. These functions are defined as limits, on the support of $T$, of sequences of plurisubharmonic functions decreasing on this support. In particular, we show that the poles of such functions are pluripolar sets. We also show that the maximum principle and the Hartogs's theorem remain valid in a weak sense. We study these functions by means of a class of measures, so-ca…
Let $(V,ω)$ be a compact Kähler manifold such that $V$ admits a cover by Zariski-open Stein sets with the property that $ω$ has a strictly plurisubharmonic exhaustive potential on each element of the cover. If $X\subset V$ is an analytic subvariety, we prove that any $ω|_X$-plurisubharmonic function on $X$ extends to a $ω$-plurisubharmonic function on $V$. This result generalizes a previous result of ours on the extension of singular metrics of ample line bundles. It allows one to show that any transcendental Kähler class in the real Neron-Severi space $NS_{\mathbb R}(V)$ has this extension pr…