Sumit Kumar Jha
We derive two new identities involving the Bernoulli numbers, the Euler numbers, and the Stirling numbers of the first kind using analytic continuation of a well known identity for the Stirling numbers of the first kind.
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New formulas involving Bernoulli and Stirling numbers of both kinds
本文提出了几个涉及两类Bernoulli数和Stirling数的新公式。
By considering Eulerian numbers and ordered Stirling numbers of the second and third kinds over a multiset, we generalize identities of Eulerian numbers and Stirling numbers of the second and third kinds and provide $q$-analogs of these generalizations. Using these generalizations, we also compute Eulerian numbers and ordered Stirling numbers of the second kind over a multiset.
Stirling numbers of both kinds are linked to each other via two combinatorial identities due to Schläfli and Gould. Using q-analogs of Stirling numbers defined as inversion generating functions, we provide q-analogs of the two identities. The proof is computational and we leave open the problem of finding a more combinatorial one.
Convolution Identities of Stirling Numbers
本研究利用生成函数法求解线性递推关系，用两类斯特林数表示解，并推导出两组组合恒等式，涵盖了已知的斯特林数卷积公式，丰富了相关组合数学结论。
In the paper, the authors review some explicit formulas and establish a new explicit formula for Bernoulli and Genocchi numbers in terms of Stirling numbers of the second kind.
Using Reiner's definition of Stirling numbers of the second kind in types $B$ and $D$, we generalize two well-known identities concerning the classical Stirling numbers of the second kind. The first identity relates them with Eulerian numbers and the second identity interprets them as entries in a transition matrix between the elements of two standard bases of the polynomial ring $R[x]$. Finally, we generalize these identities to the group of colored permutations $G_{m,n}$.
In this paper, we introduce poly-Bernoulli numbers with level $2$, related to the Stirling numbers of the second kind with level $2$, and study several properties of poly-Bernoulli numbers with level $2$ from their expressions, relations, and congruences. Poly-Bernoulli numbers with level $2$ have strong connections with poly-Cauchy numbers with level $2$. In a special case, we can determine the denominators of Bernoulli numbers with level $2$ by showing a von Staudt-Clausen like theorem.
In this paper, we present a formula for generating various exotic series in the spirit of Ovidiu Furdui and Alina Sintamarian. Our new series (evaluated in closed form) involve Bernoulli, harmonic, and Catalan numbers. Also Stirling numbers of the second kind, other special numbers, and exponential polynomials. The results include series identities with Laguerre polynomials and derangement polynomials.
We study matrices which transform the sequence of Fibonacci or Lucas polynomials with even index to those with odd index and vice versa. They turn out to be intimately related to generalized Stirling numbers and to Bernoulli, Genocchi and tangent numbers and give rise to various identities between these numbers. There is also a close connection with the Akiyama-Tanigawa algorithm.
An explicit formula for Bernoulli numbers in terms of Stirling numbers of the second kind
该研究发现了一个以第二类Stirling数表示Bernoulli数的显式计算公式，为数论相关计算提供了新的显式表达工具。
In the paper, the authors establish an explicit formula for computing Bernoulli polynomials at non-negative integer points in terms of $r$-Stirling numbers of the second kind.
Some identities involving $q$-Stirling numbers of the second kind in type B
本文研究B型第二类q-Stirling数，给出联系其与Carlitz主q-Eulerian数的经典恒等式的B型q-类比，并用组合与解析方法证明相关恒等式，同时得到A、B、D型的一些q-恒等式。
In the paper, the authors provide four alternative proofs of an explicit formula for computing Bernoulli numbers in terms of Stirling numbers of the second kind.
We introduce a class of $f(t)$-factorials, or $f(t)$-Pochhammer symbols, that includes many, if not most, well-known factorial and multiple factorial function variants as special cases. We consider the combinatorial properties of the corresponding generalized classes of Stirling numbers of the first kind which arise as the coefficients of the symbolic polynomial expansions of these $f$-factorial functions. The combinatorial properties of these more general parameterized Stirling number triangles we prove within the article include analogs to known expansions of the ordinary Stirling numbers by…
Several combinatorial identities are presented, involving Stirling functions of the second kind with a complex variable. The identities involve also Stirling numbers of the first kind, binomial coefficients and harmonic numbers.
We introduce the associated Lah numbers. Some recurrence relations and convolution identities are established. An extension of the associated Stirling and Lah numbers to the r-Stirling and r-Lah numbers are also given. For all these sequences we give combinatorial interpretation, generating functions, recurrence relations, convolution identities. In the sequel, we develop a section on nested sums related to binomial coefficient.
In the paper, the author finds an explicit formula for computing Bernoulli numbers of the second kind in terms of Stirling numbers of the first kind.
In the paper, by establishing a new and explicit formula for computing the $n$-th derivative of the reciprocal of the logarithmic function, the author presents new and explicit formulas for calculating Bernoulli numbers of the second kind and Stirling numbers of the first kind. As consequences of these formulas, a recursion for Stirling numbers of the first kind and a new representation of the reciprocal of the factorial $n!$ are derived. Finally, the author finds several identities and integral representations relating to Stirling numbers of the first kind.
We give combinatorial proofs of $q$-Stirling identities using restricted growth words. This includes a poset theoretic proof of Carlitz's identity, a new proof of the $q$-Frobenius identity of Garsia and Remmel and of Ehrenborg's Hankel $q$-Stirling determinantal identity. We also develop a two parameter generalization to unify identities of Mercier and include a symmetric function version.
We use rook placements to prove Spivey's Bell number formula and other identities related to it, in particular, some convolution identities involving Stirling numbers and relations involving Bell numbers. To cover as many special cases as possible, we work on the generalized Stirling numbers that arise from the rook model of Goldman and Haglund. An alternative combinatorial interpretation for the Type II generalized $q$-Stirling numbers of Remmel and Wachs is also introduced in which the method used to obtain the earlier identities can be adapted easily.
We present exponential generating function analogues to two classical identities involving the ordinary generating function of the complete homogeneous symmetric functions. After a suitable specialization the new identities reduce to identities involving the first and second order Eulerian polynomials. The study of these identities led us to consider a family of symmetric functions associated with a class of permutations introduced by Gessel and Stanley, known in the literature as Stirling permutations. In particular, we define certain type statistics on Stirling permutations that refine the s…
The author has constructed multiple analogues of several families of combinatorial numbers in a recent article, including the bracket symbol, and the Stirling numbers of the first and second kind. In the present paper, a multiple analogue of another sequence, the Lah numbers, is developed, and certain associated identities and significant properties of all these sequences are constructed.
Formulas involving Cauchy polynomials, Bernoulli polynomials, and generalized Stirling numbers
本文建立 Cauchy 数与多项式同多种特殊数和多项式的新恒等式，研究其高阶导数与 poly-Cauchy 推广，并提出统一的多参数框架。
While there are many identities involving the Euler and Bernoulli numbers, they are usually proved analytically or inductively. We prove two identities involving Euler and Bernoulli numbers with combinatorial reasoning via up-down permutations.
We present various identities in the form of convolutions involving Stirling numbers of both kinds, Lah numbers, and binomial coefficients. Certain convolution polynomials are discussed also. The proofs are based on several series transformation formulas.
Broder introduced the r-Stirling numbers of the first kind and of the second kind which enumerate restricted permutations and respectively restricted partitions, the restriction being that the first r elements must be in distinct cycles and respectively in distinct subsets. Kim-Kim-Lee-Park constructed the degenerate r-Stirling numbers of both kinds as degenerate versions of them. The aim of this paper is to derive some identities and recurrence relations for the degenerate r-Stirling numbers of the first kind and of the second kind via boson operators. In particular, we obtain the normal orde…
In this note, we present several identities involving binomial coefficients and the two kind of Stirling numbers.
Signed Generalized Stirling Polynomials, Nested Sums, and Hyperbolic Secant Integral Identities
本文通过有符号广义斯特林多项式研究嵌套和与双曲正割积分序列，得到递推关系、反射公式和显式恒等式，并给出Catalan常数、zeta值和多伽玛值的显式求值。
Combinatorial identities related to degenerate Stirling numbers of the second kind
本文研究退化第二类 Stirling 数的性质、恒等式、递推关系与显式表达式，并结合退化 Euler 公式探讨相关多项式和幂级数。
Uniform treatments of Bernoulli numbers, Stirling numbers, and their generating functions
本文统一处理Bernoulli数和Stirling数，利用行列式公式和Faà di Bruno公式，建立多个函数的Maclaurin展开，并给出Bernoulli数的行列式、递推和闭式公式，以及Stirling数的组合恒等式。
Given an integer g, g > 1, an integer w, -1 < w <g - 1, and a set of g distinct numbers, c_1, ..., c_g, we present a conjectured identity for Stirling numbers of the first kind. We have proven all the equalities in case g < 7; and for the case g = 7, provided w < 4. These expressions arise from an aspect of the study of the dimer-monomer problem on regular graphs.
In the paper, the author establishes some identities which show that the functions $\frac1{(1-e^{\pm t})^k}$ and the derivatives $\bigl(\frac1{e^{\pm t}-1}\bigr)^{(i)}$ can be expressed each other by linear combinations with coefficients involving the combinatorial numbers and the Stirling numbers of the second kind, where $t\ne0$ and $i,k\in\mathbb{N}$.
Recurrences for values of the Hurwitz type poly-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials
该研究针对一类新的广义Hurwitz型多重伯努利数与多项式，通过引入新的第二类Stirling数推广形式，推导其计算算法与负上指标组合公式，并建立该推广Stirling数与图论的联系。
It is shown in this note that non-central Stirling numbers s(n,k,a) of the first kind naturally appear in the expansion of derivatives of the product of a power function and a logarithn function. We first obtain a recurrence relation for these numbers, and then, using Leibnitz rule we obtain an explicit formula for these numbers. We also obtain an explicit formula for s(n,1,a), and then derive several combinatorial identities related to these numbers.
We prove astonishing identities generated by compositions of positive integers. In passing, we obtain two new identities for Stirling numbers of the first kind. In the two last sections we clarify an algebraic sense of these identities and obtain several other structural close identities.
Some observations on the connection between Stirling numbers and Bessel numbers
本文通过用两种方式求解同一递推关系并比较多项式系数，为涉及两类斯特林数的求和恒等式提供新证明，从而揭示斯特林数与贝塞尔数之间的联系。
Analytic aspects of $q,r$-analogue of poly-Stirling numbers of both kinds
本文研究两类 $B$ 型 poly-Stirling 数的 $q,r$-模拟，建立递推、容斥显式公式与指数生成函数，并推广 Comtet–Lancaster 的广义 Stirling 数三角形等价刻画。
Inversion formulas have been found, converting between Stirling, tanh and Lah numbers. Tanh and Lah polynomials, analogous to the Stirling polynomials, have been defined and their basic properties established. New identities for Stirling and tangent numbers and polynomials have been derived from the general inverse relations. In the second part of the paper, it has been shown that if shifted-gamma probability densities and negative binomial distributions are matched by equating their first three semi-invariants (cumulants), then the cumulants of the two distributions are related by a pair of r…
Recently, Komastu introduced the concept of poly-Cauchy numbers and polynomials which generalize Cauchy numbers and polynomials. In this paper, we introduce new generaliza- tion of poly-Cauchy and poly-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials. Also, we introduce new generalizations of Cauchy numbers and polynomials. Moreover, we derive some identities involving the new numbers and polynomials and some types of Stirling numbers. These gives generalization of some relations poly-Cauchy and poly-Bernoulli numbers and poly- nomials. Furthermore, we obtain some relations between the multiparameter poly-Ca…
In the paper, the author elementarily unifies and generalizes eight identities involving the functions $\frac{\pm1}{e^{\pm t}-1}$ and their derivatives. By one of these identities, the author establishes two explicit formulae for computing Euler polynomials and two-parameter Euler polynomials, which are a newly introduced notion, in terms of Stirling numbers of the second kind.
In this paper, we investigate certain combinatorial numbers, the \textit{moment generating Stirling numbers}. They are a special case of Hsu's generalized Stirling numbers and satisfy many more properties and combinatorial identities than are known in the general case. As application, we provide the computation of the moments and central moments of the phase type distribution, the recurrence time in Markov chains, the geometric distribution, the negative binomial distribution and of a class of distributions generalizing the negative binomial distribution. All computations can be performed in c…
We study set partitions with $r$ distinguished elements and block sizes found in an arbitrary index set $S$. The enumeration of these $(S,r)$-partitions leads to the introduction of $(S,r)$-Stirling numbers, an extremely wide-ranging generalization of the classical Stirling numbers and the $r$-Stirling numbers. We also introduce the associated $(S,r)$-Bell and $(S,r)$-factorial numbers. We study fundamental aspects of these numbers, including recurrence relations and determinantal expressions. For $S$ with some extra structure, we show that the inverse of the $(S,r)$-Stirling matrix encodes th…
In here, I present a series of combinatorial equalities derived using a graph based approach. Different nodes in the graphs are visited following probabilistic dynamics of a moving dot. The results are presented in such a way that the generalisation (to more nodes, or dimensions) is straightforward. At an instant m, we "take a picture" of the system and we compute the probabilities of being at particular positions in space. The sum of all these probabilities is equal to one.
Restricted $r$-Stirling numbers of the second kind
研究第二类受限\((r,d)\)-斯特林数，通过施加距离限制推广\(r\)-斯特林数，建立递推关系、公式、生成函数及恒等式等。
Restricted Whitney numbers of the first kind appear in the combinatorial recursion for the matroid Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials. In the special case of braid matroids (the matroid associated to the partition lattice, the complete graph, the type A Coxeter arrangement and the symmetric group) these restricted Whitney numbers are Stirling numbers of the first kind. We use this observation to obtain a formula for the coefficients of the Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials for braid matroids in terms of sums of products of Stirling numbers of the first kind. This results in new identities between Stirling …
Sum rules for permutations with fixed points involving Stirling numbers of the first kind
本文提出基于第一类斯特林数的置换固定点求和规则，并推导了二项系数的求和规则，同时探讨了与贝尔数的关系。
$q$-analogues of sums of consecutive powers of natural numbers and extended Carlitz $q$-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials
本文通过构造经典Appell序列的q-模拟框架，扩展了Carlitz q-Bernoulli数与多项式，并利用第二类q-Stirling数给出其显式级数表示和新连接公式。
We provide q-generalizations of Spivey's Bell number formula in various settings by considering statistics on different combinatorial structures. This leads to new identities involving q-Stirling numbers of both kinds and q-Lah numbers. As corollaries, we obtain identities for both binomial and q-binomial coefficients. Our results at the same time also generalize recent r-Stirling number formulas of Mezo. Finally, we provide a combinatorial proof and refinement of Xu's extension of Spivey's formula to the generalized Stirling numbers of Hsu and Shiue. To do so, we develop a combinatorial inter…
In this paper, we obtain a generalization of an identity due to Carlitz on Bernoulli polynomials. Then we use this generalized formula to derive two symmetric identities which reduce to some known identities on Bernoulli polynomials and Bernoulli numbers, including the Miki identity.
In this paper we obtain several new identities for Bernoulli and Euler polynomials; some of them extend Miki's and Matiyasevich's identities. Our new method involves differences and derivatives of polynomials.
We obtain formulas for the growth rate of the numbers of certain paths in infinite graphs built on the two-dimensional Eulerian graph. Corollaries are identities relating Stirling numbers of the first and second kinds.
We derive several symmetric identities for Bernoulli and Euler polynomials which imply some known identities. Our proofs depend on the new technique developed in part I and some identities obtained in [European J. Combin. 24(2003), 709--718].
We derive new matrix representation for higher order Daehee numbers and polynomials, the higher order lambda-Daehee numbers and polynomials and the twisted lambda-Daehee numbers and polynomials of order k. This helps us to obtain simple and short proofs of many previous results on higher order Daehee numbers and polynomials. Moreover, we obtained recurrence relation, explicit formulas and some new results for these numbers and polynomials. Furthermore, we investigated the relation between these numbers and polynomials and Stirling numbers, Norlund and Bernoulli numbers of higher order. The res…
This paper presents a number of identities for Dirichlet series and series with Stirling numbers of the first kind. As coefficients for the Dirichlet series we use Cauchy numbers of the first and second kinds, hyperharmonic numbers, derangement numbers, binomial coefficients, central binomial coefficients, and Catalan numbers.
It is known that Bernoulli scheme of independent trials with two outcomes is connected with the binomial coefficients. The aim of this paper is to indicate stochastic processes which are connected with the $q$-polynomial coefficients (in particular, with the $q$-binomial coefficients, or the Gaussian polynomials), Stirling numbers of the first and the second kind, and Euler numbers in a natural way. A probabilistic approach allows us to give very simple proofs of some identities for these coefficients.
In the paper, the authors find two closed forms involving the Stirling numbers of the second kind and in terms of a determinant of combinatorial numbers for the Bernoulli polynomials and numbers.
In this paper, we give a short proof of a relation generalizing many identities for Bernoulli numbers.
Boson Operator Ordering Identities from Generalized Stirling and Eulerian Numbers
本文研究单模玻色子算符生成的代数中的排序恒等式，推导了玻色子串幂的两种展开方式，确定其系数为广义斯特林数与欧拉数，发展了相关计算理论并涵盖先前正规排序结果。
In the present paper combinatorial identities involving q-dual sequences or polynomials with coefficients q-dual sequences are derived. Further, combinatorial identities for q-binomial coefficients(Gaussian coefficients), q-Stirling numbers and q-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials are deduced.
Using the methods of classical invariant theory a general approach to finding of identities for Bernulli, Euler and Hermite polynomials is proposed.
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