We obtain an asymptotic formula for a weighted sum over cuspidal eigenvalues in a specific region, for $\SL_2$ over a totally real number field $F$, with discrete subgroup of Hecke type $Γ_0(I)$ for a non-zero ideal $I$ in the ring of integers of $F$. The weights are products of Fourier coefficients. This implies in particular the existence of infinitely many cuspidal automorphic representations with multi-eigenvalues in various regions growing to infinity. For instance, in the quadratic case, the regions include floating boxes, floating balls, sectors, slanted strips and products of prescribed small intervals for all but one of the infinite places of $F$. The main tool in the derivation is a sum formula of Kuznetsov type.
We give density results for automorphic representations of Hilbert modular groups. In particular, we show that there are infinitely many automorphic representations that have a prescribed discrete series factor at some (but not all) real places.
We show that the systems of prime-to-$p$ Hecke eigenvalues arising from automorphic forms$\pmod p$ for a good prime $p$ associated to an algebraic group $G/\mathbb Q$ of Hodge type are the same as those arising from algebraic modular forms$\pmod p$ associated to an inner form of $G$.
We generalize the first part of A. Connes paper (math/9811068) on the zeroes of the Riemann zeta function from a number field $k$ to any simple algebra $M$ over $k$. To a given automorphic representation $π$ of the reductive group $M^\times$ of invertible elements of $M$ we find a Hilbert space $H_π$ and an operator $D_π$ (Polya-Hilbert operator), which is the infinitesimal generator of a canonical flow such that the spectrum of $D_π$ coincides with the purely imaginary zeroes of the function $L(π,\rez{2} +z)$. As a byproduct we get holomorphicity of all automorphic $L$-functions, not only the…
We define two-parameter generalizations of Andrews' $(k+1)$-marked odd Durfee symbols and $2k$th symmetrized odd rank moments, and study the automorphic properties of some of their generating functions. When $k=0$ we obtain families of modular forms and mock modular forms. When $k \geq 1$, we find quasimodular forms and quasimock modular forms.
We compare modular forms of characteristic $p>0$ (i.e. Drinfeld's modular forms) and automorphic forms. We prove that spaces of these modular forms (which are of characteristic $p$) can be described by function spaces of characteristic zero, close to those of automorphic forms.
We define the space of nearly holomorphic automorphic forms on a connected reductive group $G$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ such that the homogeneous space $G(\mathbb{R})^1/ K_\infty^\circ$ is a Hermitian symmetric space. By Pitale, Saha and Schmidt's study, there are the classification of indecomposable $(\mathfrak{g},K_\infty)$-modules which occur in the space of nearly holomorphic elliptic modular forms and Siegel modular forms of degree $2$. This paper studies global representations of the adele group $G(\mathbb{A}_\mathbb{Q})$ which occur in the space of nearly holomorphic Hilbert modular forms. In …
We consider the genus of $20$ classes of unimodular Hermitian lattices of rank $12$ over the Eisenstein integers. This set is the domain for a certain space of algebraic modular forms. We find a basis of Hecke eigenforms, and guess global Arthur parameters for the associated automorphic representations, which recover the computed Hecke eigenvalues. Congruences between Hecke eigenspaces, combined with the assumed parameters, recover known congruences for classical modular forms, and support new instances of conjectured Eisenstein congruences for $\mathbb{U}(2,2)$ automorphic forms.
We investigate modular embeddings for semi-arithmetic Fuchsian groups. First we prove some purely algebro-geometric or even topological criteria for a regular map from a smooth complex curve to a quaternionic Shimura variety to be covered by a modular embedding. Then we set up an adelic formalism for modular embeddings and apply our criteria to study the effect of abstract field automorphisms of $\mathbb{C}$ on modular embeddings. Finally we derive that the absolute Galois group of $\mathbb{Q}$ operates on the dessins d'enfants defined by principal congruence subgroups of (arithmetic or non-ar…
Building on the works of S. Bochner on equivalence of modular relation with functional equation associated to the Dirichlet series, K. Chandrasekharan and R. Narasimhan obtained new equivalences between the functional equation and some arithmetical identities. Sister Ann M. Heath considered the functional equation in the Hawkins and Knopp context and showed its equivalence to two arithmetical identities associated with entire modular cusp integrals involving rational period functions for the full modular group. In this paper we use techniques of Chandrasekharan and Narasimhan and extend the re…
We construct a p-adic Eisenstein measure with values in the space of vector-weight p-adic automorphic forms on certain unitary groups. This measure allows us to p-adically interpolate special values of certain vector-weight C-infinity automorphic forms, including Eisenstein series, as their weights vary. We also explain how to extend our methods to the case of Siegel modular forms and how to recover Nicholas Katz's p-adic families of Eisenstein series for Hilbert modular forms.
We classify the simple even lattices of square free level and signature (2,n) for n > 3. A lattice is called simple if the space of cusp forms of weight 1+n/2 for the dual Weil representation of the lattice is trivial. For a simple lattice every formal principal part obeying obvious conditions is the principal part of a vector valued modular form. Using this, we determine all holomorphic Borcherds products of singular weight (arising from vector valued modular forms with non-negative principal part) for the simple lattices. We construct the corresponding vector valued modular forms by eta prod…
A theorem of Gekeler compares the number of non-isomorphic automorphic representations associated with the space of cusp forms of weight $k$ on $Γ_0(N)$ to a simpler function of $k$ and $N$, showing that the two are equal whenever $N$ is squarefree. We prove the converse of this theorem (with one small exception), thus providing a characterization of squarefree integers. We also establish a similar characterization of prime numbers in terms of the number of Hecke newforms of weight $k$ on $Γ_0(N)$. It follows that a hypothetical fast algorithm for computing the number of such automorphic repre…
We prove a variety of results on the existence of automorphic Galois representations lifting a residual automorphic Galois representation. We prove a result on the structure of deformation rings of local Galois representations, and deduce from this and the method of Khare and Wintenberger a result on the existence of modular lifts of specified type for Galois representations corresponding to Hilbert modular forms of parallel weight 2. We discuss some conjectures on the weights of $n$-dimensional mod $p$ Galois representations. Finally, we use recent work of Taylor to prove level raising and lo…
In this paper, we decompose the space of nearly holomorphic Hilbert-Siegel automorphic forms as representations of the adele group under certain assumptions. We also give an application for classical holomorphic Hilbert-Siegel modular forms. In particular, we show the surjectivity of the global Siegel operator for certain congruence subgroups with large weights.
We continue our study of Yoshida's lifting, which associates to a pair of automorphic forms on the adelic multiplicative group of a quaternion algebra a Siegel modular form of degree 2. We consider here the case that the automorphic forms on the quaternion algebra correspond to modular forms of arbitrary even weights and square free levels; in particular we obtain a construction of Siegel modular forms of weight 3 attached to a pair of elliptic modular forms of weights 2 and 4.
In this paper, we consider automorphic forms on $\mathrm{Sp}_4(\mathbb{A}_\mathbb{Q})$ which generate large discrete series representations of $\mathrm{Sp}_4(\mathbb{R})$ as $(\mathfrak{sp}_4(\mathbb{R}),K_\infty)$-modules. We determine the cuspidal components and the structure of the space of such automorphic forms.
We prove an automorphic analogue of Deligne's conjecture for symmetric fourth $L$-functions of Hilbert modular forms. We extend the result of Morimoto based on generalization and refinement of the results of Grobner and Lin to cohomological irreducible essentially conjugate self-dual cuspidal automorphic representations of ${\rm GL}_2$ and ${\rm GL}_3$ over CM-fields.
É.Ghys proved that the linking numbers of modular knots and the "missing" trefoil $K_{2,3}$ in $S^3$ coincide with the values of a highly ubiquitous function called the Rademacher symbol for ${\rm SL}_2\mathbb{Z}$. In this paper, we replace ${\rm SL}_2\mathbb{Z}=Γ_{2,3}$ by the triangle group $Γ_{p,q}$ for any coprime pair $(p,q)$ of integers with $2\leq p<q$. We invoke the theory of harmonic Maass forms for $Γ_{p,q}$ to introduce the notion of the Rademacher symbol $ψ_{p,q}$, and provide several characterizations. Among other things, we generalize Ghys's theorem for modular knots around any "…
We give archimedean and non-archimedean constructions of Darmon points on modular abelian varieties attached to automorphic forms over arbitrary number fields and possibly non-trivial central character. An effort is made to present a unifying point of view, emphasizing the automorphic nature of the construction.
In this paper we study the compatible family of degree-4 Scholl representations $ρ_{\ell}$ associated with a space $S$ of weight $κ> 2$ noncongruence cusp forms satisfying Quaternion Multiplications over a biquadratic field $K$. It is shown that when either $K$ is totally real or $κ$ is odd, $ρ_\ell$ is automorphic, that is, its associated L-function has the same Euler factors as the L-function of an automorphic form for $GL_4(\mathbb Q)$. Further, it yields a relation between the Fourier coefficients of noncongruence cusp forms in $S$ and those of certain automorphic forms via the three-term …
We extend Holowinsky and Soundararajan's proof of quantum unique ergodicity for holomorphic Hecke modular forms on SL(2,Z), by establishing it for automorphic forms of cohomological type on GL_2 over an arbitrary number field which satisfy the Ramanujan bounds. In particular, we have uncondtional theorems over totally real and imaginary quadratic fields. In the totally real case we show that our result implies the equidistribution of the zero divisors of holomorphic Hecke modular forms, generalising a result of Rudnick over Q.
This paper deals with a new analytic type of vector- and Clifford algebra valued automorphic forms in one and two vector variables. For hypercomplex generalizations of the classical modular group and their arithmetic congruence subgroups Eisenstein- and Poincaré type series that are annihilated by Dirac operators, and more generally, by iterated Dirac operators on the upper half-space of $R^n$ are discussed. In particular we introduce (poly-)monogenic modular forms on hypercomplex generalizations of the classical theta group.
In this paper, we prove Deligne's conjecture for symmetric sixth $L$-functions of Hilbert modular forms. We extend the result of Morimoto based on a different approach. We define automorphic periods associated to globally generic $C$-algebraic cuspidal automorphic representations of ${\rm GSp}_4$ over totally real number fields whose archimedean components are (limits of) discrete series representations. We show that the algebraicity of critical $L$-values for ${\rm GSp}_4 \times {\rm GL}_2$ can be expressed in terms of these periods. In the case of Kim-Ramakrishnan-Shahidi lifts of ${\rm GL}_…
We investigate the sixth moment of the family of $L$-functions associated to holomorphic modular forms on $GL_2$ with respect to a congruence subgroup $Γ_1(q)$. We improve on previous work and obtain an unconditional upper bound of the correct order of magnitude.
A general Voronoï summation formula for the (metaplectic) double cover of $\text{GL}_2$ is derived via the representation theoretic framework à la Ichino--Templier. The identity is also formulated classically and used to establish Voronoï summation formulae for half-integral weight modular forms and Maaß forms.
We study $p$-adic families of cohomological automorphic forms for ${\mathrm{GL}}(2)$ over imaginary quadratic fields and prove that families interpolating a Zariski-dense set of classical cuspidal automorphic forms only occur under very restrictive conditions. We show how to computationally determine when this is not the case and establish concrete examples of families interpolating only finitely many Bianchi modular forms.
In this paper, we study modular forms on two simply connected groups of type $D_4$ over ${\mathbb Q}$. One group, $G_s$ is a globally split group of type $D_4$, viewed as the group of isotopies of the split rational octonions. The other, $G_c$, is the isotopy group of the rational (non-split) octonions. We study automorphic forms on $G_s$, in analogy to the work of Gross, Gan, and Savin on $G_2$; namely we study automorphic forms whose component at infinity corresponds to a quaternionic discrete series representation. We study automorphic forms on $G_c$ using Gross's formalism of ``algebraic m…
We prove vanishing results for the $0$th cohomology of automorphic line bundles on the Ekedahl--Oort strata of the special fiber of Hilbert--Blumenthal Shimura varieties. This work vastly extends to all Ekedahl--Oort strata previous results of Diamond--Kassaei and Goldring--Koskivirta. Furthermore, our results also cover the case of unitary Shimura varieties of rank $\leq 2$ attached to an arbitrary CM extension. We also prove a conjecture of Goldring--Koskivirta on the set of possible weights of automorphic forms.
In this paper, we investigate the non-modular solutions to the Schwarz differential equation $\{f,τ\}=sE_4(τ)$ where $E_4(τ)$ is the weight 4 Eisenstein series and $s$ is a complex parameter. In particular, we provide explicit solutions for each $s=2π^2(n/6)^2$ with $n\equiv 1\mod 12$. These solutions are obtained as integrals of meromorphic weight 2 modular forms. As a consequence, we find explicit solutions to the differential equation $\displaystyle y''+\frac{π^2n^2}{36}\,E_4\,y=0$ for each $n\equiv 1\mod 12$ generalizing the work of Hurwitz and Klein on the case $n=1$. Our investigation re…
We consider modular functions (i.e., the Eisenstein series and Hecke-Maass forms) for the group PSL(2,Z). We fix a quadratic number field E. This gives rise to twisted (by a Hecke character of the field E) periods of a modular function along the torus corresponding to E. We prove meromorphic continuation for a Dirichlet series generated by these twisted periods.
For triangle groups, the (quasi-)automorphic forms are known just as explicitly as for the modular group SL$(2,\bbZ)$. We collect these expressions here, and then interpret them using the Halphen differential equation. We study the arithmetic properties of their Fourier coefficients at cusps and Taylor coefficients at elliptic fixed-points --- in both cases integrality is related to the arithmeticity of the triangle group. As an application of our formulas, we provide an explicit modular interpretation of periods of 14 families of Calabi-Yau threefolds over the thrice-punctured sphere.
Gross and Zagier conjectured that the CM values (of certain Hecke translates) of the automorphic Green function $G_s(z_1,z_2)$ for the elliptic modular group at positive integral spectral parameter $s$ are given by logarithms of algebraic numbers in suitable class fields. We prove a partial average version of this conjecture, where we sum in the first variable $z_1$ over all CM points of a fixed discriminant $d_1$ (twisted by a genus character), and allow in the second variable the evaluation at individual CM points of discriminant $d_2$. This result is deduced from more general statements for…
In this article, using methods from geometric analysis and theory of heat kernels, we derive qualitative estimates of automorphic cusp forms defined over quaternion algebras. Using which, we prove an average version of the holomorphic QUE conjecture. We then derive quantitative estimates of classical Hilbert modular cusp forms. This is a generalization of the results from [3] and [9] to higher dimensions.
Machine learning automorphic forms for black holes
Mandelstam Institute for Theoretical Physics, School of Physics, and NITheCS, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, WITS 2050, South Africa（曼德施塔姆理论物理研究所、物理系及NITheCS、沃斯兰德大学，约翰内斯堡，WITS 2050，南非）；Center for Mathematical Studies, University of Lisbon (CEMS.UL), UID/04561/2025 FCT, Portugal（数学研究所以及里斯本大学（CEMS.UL），UID/04561/2025 FCT，葡萄牙）
We present an algorithm to determine if the $L$-series associated to an automorphic representation and the one associated to an elliptic curve over an imaginary quadratic field agree. By the work of Harris-Soudry-Taylor, Taylor and Berger-Harcos (cf. \cite{harris-taylor}, \cite{taylorII} and \cite{berger-harcos}) we can associate to an automorphic representation a family of compatible $p$-adic representations. Our algorithm is based on Faltings-Serre's method to prove that $p$-adic Galois representations are isomorphic.
We prove new modularity lifting theorems for p-adic Galois representations in situations where the methods of Wiles and Taylor--Wiles do not apply. Previous generalizations of these methods have been restricted to situations where the automorphic forms in question contribute to a single degree of cohomology. In practice, this imposes several restrictions -- one must be in a Shimura variety setting and the automorphic forms must be of regular weight at infinity. In this paper, we essentially show how to remove these restrictions. Our most general result is a modularity lifting theorem which, on…
We prove for L-function attached to an automorphic cusp form for the Hecke congruence group $Γ_0(D)$, which is also an eigenfunction of all the Hecke operators, that a positive proportion of its non-trivial zeros lie on the critical line. This result extends the work of J.L. Hafner of 1983 where the case of the full modular group is considered.
This article is a research exposition based on the author's talk at the International Colloquium on Automorphic Representations and L-Functions, 2012, held at TIFR, Mumbai. We consider some special cases of the following question: when is a natural subset of the Fourier coefficients sufficient to uniquely determine a "modular form"? Two kinds of modular forms are considered in this article: a) classical modular forms of half-integral weight, and b) Siegel modular forms of genus 2 and integral weight. These two apparently different scenarios turn out to be closely related. Our results were moti…
In this paper a theory of Hecke operators for higher order modular forms is established. The definition of cusp forms and attached L-functions is extended beyond the realm of parabolic invariants. The role of representation theoretic methods is clarified and, motivated by higher order forms, new convolution products of L-functions are introduced.
We define weight changing operators for automorphic forms on Grassmannians, i.e., on orthogonal groups, and investigate their basic properties. We then evaluate their action on theta kernels, and prove that theta lifts of modular forms, in which the theta kernel involves polynomials of a special type, have some interesting differential properties.
We look at genera of even unimodular lattices of rank $12$ over the ring of integers of $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{5})$ and of rank $8$ over the ring of integers of $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{3})$, using Kneser neighbours to diagonalise spaces of scalar-valued algebraic modular forms. We conjecture most of the global Arthur parameters, and prove several of them using theta series, in the manner of Ikeda and Yamana. We find instances of congruences for non-parallel weight Hilbert modular forms. Turning to the genus of Hermitian lattices of rank $12$ over the Eisenstein integers, even and unimodular over $\mathbb…
In this paper, we compute basis elements of certain spaces of weight 0 weakly holomorphic modular forms and consider the integrality of Fourier coefficients of the modular forms. We use the results to construct automorphic correction of the rank 2 hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras H(a), a=4,5,6, through Hilbert modular forms explicitly given by Borcherds lifts of the weakly holomorphic modular forms. We also compute asymptotic of the Fourier coefficients as they are related to root multiplicities of the rank 2 hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras. This work is a continuation of the previous paper, where …
Automorphic distributions for SL(2) arise as boundary values of modular forms and, in a more subtle manner, from Maass forms. In the case of modular forms of weight one or of Maass forms, the automorphic distributions have continuous first antiderivatives. We recall earlier results of one of us on the Holder continuity of these continuous functions and relate them to results of other authors; this involves a generalization of classical theorems on Fourier series by S. Bernstein and Hardy-Littlewood. We then show that the antiderivatives are non-differentiable at all irrational points, as well …
Let $π$ be a cuspidal automorphic representation of $\mathrm{GSp}_4(\mathbf{A_Q})$, whose archimedean component is a holomorphic discrete series or limit of discrete series representation. If $π$ is not CAP or endoscopic, then we show that its associated $\ell$-adic Galois representations are irreducible and crystalline for $100\%$ of primes $\ell$. If, moreover, $π$ is neither an automorphic induction nor a symmetric cube lift, then we show that, for $100\%$ of primes $\ell$, the image of its mod $\ell$ Galois representation contains $\mathrm{Sp}_4(\mathbf{F}_{\ell})$.
We extend methods of Greenberg and the author to compute in the cohomology of a Shimura curve defined over a totally real field with arbitrary class number. Via the Jacquet-Langlands correspondence, we thereby compute systems of Hecke eigenvalues associated to Hilbert modular forms of arbitrary level over a totally real field of odd degree. We conclude with two examples which illustrate the effectiveness of our algorithms.
The purpose of this semi-expository article is to give another proof of a classical theorem of Shimura on the critical values of the standard L-function attached to a Hilbert modular form. Our proof is along the lines of previous work of Harder and Hida (independently). What is different is an organizational principle based on the period relations proved by Raghuram and Shahidi for periods attached to regular algebraic cuspidal automorphic representations. The point of view taken in this article is that one need only prove an algebraicity theorem for the most interesting L-value, namely, the c…
We prove a sharp bound for the average value of the triple product of modular functions for the Hecke subgroup Γ_0(N). Our result is an extension of the main result in {Bernstein&Reznikov-2004} to a fixed cuspidal representation of the adele group PGL(2,A).
These notes are an extension of the rough notes provided for my four lecture graduate level course on "Quadratic Forms and Automorphic Forms" at the March 2009 Arizona Winter School on Quadratic Forms. They are meant to give a survey of some aspects of the classical theory of quadratic forms over number fields and their rings of integers (e.g. over Q and Z), and their connection with modular and automorphic forms.
Constructing vector-valued automorphic forms on unitary groups
University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校）；Michigan State University（密歇根州立大学）；University of Oregon（俄勒冈大学）；Boston College（波士顿学院）；University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学）
We extend some results of Gun, Murty, and Rath on elliptic modular forms. We take ANY Fuchsian triangle group with a cusp and look at power series expansions in a natural parameter around that cusp. Consider the automorphic forms for such a triangle group whose power series expansions in the natural parameter have algebraic coefficients. We show that the zeros of such forms are either transcendental or are "CM." By "CM," we mean they correspond to abelian varieties with complex multiplication. This result is the first of its kind in the case of non-arithmetic groups.
A general conjecture is stated on the cone of automorphic vector bundles admitting nonzero global sections on schemes endowed with a smooth, surjective morphism to a stack of $G$-zips of connected-Hodge-type; such schemes should include all Hodge-type Shimura varieties with hyperspecial level. We prove our conjecture for groups of type $A_1^n$, $C_2$ and $\mathbf F_p$-split groups of type $A_2$ (this includes all Hilbert-Blumenthal varieties and should also apply to Siegel modular threefolds and Picard modular surfaces). An example is given to show that our conjecture can fail for zip data not…
