Oleg Gutik, Dušan Repovš
We describe the structure of 0-simple countably compact topological inverse semigroups and the structure of congruence-free countably compact topological inverse semigroups.
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We study algebraic and topological properties of topological semigroups containing a copy of the bicyclic semigroup C(p,q). We prove that each topological semigroup S with pseudocompact square contains no dense copy of C(p,q). On the other hand, we construct a (consistent) example of a pseudocompact (countably compact) Tychonov semigroup containing a copy of C(p,q).
Countably compact inverse semigroups and Nyikos' problem
本文证明局部紧Nyikos逆拓扑半群必紧，并给出稠密逆子半群条件下拓扑半群成为拓扑逆半群的充分条件，解决Nyikos及Banakh-Pastukhova问题。
In this paper we search for conditions on a countably compact (pseudo-compact) topological semigroup under which: (i) each maximal subgroup $H(e)$ in $S$ is a (closed) topological subgroup in $S$; (ii) the Clifford part $H(S)$(i.e. the union of all maximal subgroups) of the semigroup $S$ is a closed subset in $S$; (iii) the inversion $\operatorname{inv}\colon H(S)\to H(S)$ is continuous; and (iv) the projection $π\colon H(S)\to E(S)$, $π\colon x\longmapsto xx^{-1}$, onto the subset of idempotents $E(S)$ of $S$, is continuous.
We show that a topological semigroup of finite partial bijections $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ of an infinite set with a compact subsemigroup of idempotents is absolutely $H$-closed and any countably compact topological semigroup does not contain $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ as a subsemigroup. We give sufficient conditions onto a topological semigroup $\mathscr{I}_λ^1$ to be non-$H$-closed. Also we describe the structure of countably compact Brandt $λ^0$-extensions of topological monoids and study the category of countably compact Brandt $λ^0$-extensions of topological monoids with zero.
In the paper we study (countably) compact and (absolutely) $H$-closed primitive topological inverse semigroups. We describe the structure of compact and countably compact primitive topological inverse semigroups and show that any countably compact primitive topological inverse semigroup embeds into a compact primitive topological inverse semigroup.
A characterisation of semigroups with only countably many subdirect products with $\mathbb{Z}$
本文刻画了与整数加法半群 $\mathbb{Z}$ 仅有可数个子直积的有限半群，证明了其充要条件是半群 $S$ 为正则的，并得出 $S$ 完全正则时仅有可数个子半群的推论。
We detect topological semigroups that are topological paragroups, i.e., are isomorphic to a Rees product of a topological group over topological spaces with a continuous sandwich function. We prove that a simple topological semigroup $S$ is a topological paragroup if one of the following conditions is satisfied: (1) $S$ is completely simple and the maximal subgroups of $S$ are topological groups, (2) $S$ contains an idempotent and the square $S\times S$ is countably compact or pseudocompact, (3) $S$ is sequentially compact or each power of $S$ is countably compact. The last item generalizes an…
In 1981/82, Hickin \& Plotkin and McKenzie both proved that a finite group has only countably many non-isomorphic subdirect powers if and only if it is abelian. In this paper, we prove that a finite commutative semigroup has only countably many non-isomorphic countable subdirect powers if and only if it is either a finite abelian group or a null semigroup.
The Wallace problem and countably compact torsion-free Abelian groups in ZFC
该研究在ZFC公理体系下，证明基数为$\mathfrak c$的无挠阿贝尔群可赋予无非平凡收敛序列的豪斯多夫可数紧群拓扑，构造出满足双侧消去律但非群的可数紧拓扑半群，否定回答了华莱士问题，并衍生出相关拓扑结构结论。
We prove that a topological Clifford semigroup $S$ is metrizable if and only if $S$ is an $M$-space and the set $E=\{e\in S:ee=e\}$ of idempotents of $S$ is a metrizable $G_δ$-set in $S$. The same metrization criterion holds also for any countably compact Clifford topological semigroup $S$.
We study algebraic properties of the Brandt $λ^0$-extensions of monoids with zero and non-trivial homomorphisms between the Brandt $λ^0$-extensions of monoids with zero. We introduce finite, compact topological Brandt $λ^0$-extensions of topological semigroups and countably compact topological Brandt $λ^0$-extensions of topological inverse semigroups in the class of topological inverse semigroups and establish the structure of such extensions and non-trivial continuous homomorphisms between such topological Brandt $λ^0$-extensions of topological monoids with zero. We also describe a category w…
In the paper we study pseudocompact primitive topological inverse semigroups. We describe the structure of pseudocompact primitive topological inverse semigroups and show that a Tychonoff product of a family of pseudocompact primitive topological inverse semigroups is a pseudocompact topological space. Also we prove that the Stone-Čech compactification of a pseudocompact primitive topological inverse semigroup is a compact primitive topological inverse semigroup.
We study feebly compact shift-continuous $T_1$-topologies on the symmetric inverse semigroup $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ of finite transformations of the rank $\leqslant n$. For any positive integer $n\geqslant2$ and any infinite cardinal $λ$ a Hausdorff countably pracompact non-compact shift-continuous topology on $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ is constructed. We show that for an arbitrary positive integer $n$ and an arbitrary infinite cardinal $λ$ for a $T_1$-topology $τ$ on $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ the following conditions are equivalent: $(i)$ $τ$ is countably pracompact; $(ii)$ $τ$ is feebly compact; $(iii)$ $τ$ is $d…
We introduce the notion of semigroup with a tight ideal series and investigate their closures in semitopological semigroups, particularly inverse semigroups with continuous inversion. As a corollary we show that the symmetric inverse semigroup of finite transformations $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ of the rank $\leqslant n$ is algebraically closed in the class of (semi)topological inverse semigroups with continuous inversion. We also derive related results about the nonexistence of (partial) compactifications of classes of semigroups that we consider.
In this paper we show that polycyclic monoids are universal objects in the class of graph inverse semigroups. In particular, we prove that a graph inverse semigroup $G(E)$ over a directed graph $E$ embeds into the polycyclic monoid $\mathcal{P}_λ$ where $λ=|G(E)|$. We show that each graph inverse semigroup $G(E)$ admits the coarsest inverse semigroup topology $τ$. Moreover, each injective homomorphism from $(G(E),τ)$ to the $(\mathcal{P}_{|G(E)|},τ)$ is a topological embedding.
We find necessary and sufficient conditions on an (inverse) semigroup $X$ under which its semigroups of maximal linked systems $λ(X)$, filters $ϕ(X)$, linked upfamilies $N_2(X)$, and upfamilies $\upsilon(X)$ are inverse.
We study the structure of inverse primitive feebly compact semitopological and topological semigroups. We find conditions when the maximal subgroup of an inverse primitive feebly compact semitopological semigroup $S$ is a closed subset of $S$ and describe the topological structure of such semiregular semitopological semigroups. Later we describe the structure of feebly compact topological Brandt $λ^0$-extensions of topological semigroups and semiregular (quasi-regular) primitive inverse topological semigroups. In particular we show that inversion in a quasi-regular primitive inverse feebly com…
In this paper, we characterize completely the structure of Clifford semigroups of matrices over an arbitrary field. It is shown that a semigroups of matrices of finite order is a Clifford semigroup if and only if it is isomorphic to a subdirect product of some linear (0-)groups. Then we generalize this result to a semigroup of matrices of countably infinite order and give a similar necessary and sufficient condition for it to be a Clifford semigroup.
On some generalization of the bicyclic semigroup: the topological version
本文研究双循环半群推广的拓扑版本，证明其上的 Hausdorff Baire 半拓扑半群拓扑必为离散，并构造非离散 Hausdorff 半群拓扑，同时证明该半群不能嵌入具有可数紧平方的拓扑半群。
We study the semigroup extension $\mathscr{I}_λ^n(S)$ of a semigroup $S$ by symmetric inverse semigroups of a bounded finite rank. We describe idempotents and regular elements of the semigroups $\mathscr{I}_λ^n(S)$ and $\overline{\mathscr{I}_λ^n}(S)$ show that the semigroup $\mathscr{I}_λ^n(S)$ ($\overline{\mathscr{I}_λ^n}(S)$) is regular, orthodox, inverse or stable if and only if so is $S$. Green's relations are described on the semigroup $\mathscr{I}_λ^n(S)$ for an arbitrary monoid $S$. We introduce the conception of a semigroup with strongly tight ideal series, and proved that for any infi…
In this paper we investigate locally compact semitopological graph inverse semigroups. Our main result is the following: if a directed graph $E$ is strongly connected and contains a finite amount of vertices then a locally compact semitopological graph inverse semigroup $G(E)$ is either compact or discrete. This result generalizes results of Gutik and Bardyla who proved the above dichotomy for locally compact semitopological polycyclic monoids $\mathcal{P}_1$ and $\mathcal{P}_λ$, respectively.
We describe the structure of Hausdorff locally compact semitopological $0$-bisimple inverse $ω$-semigroups with compact maximal subgroups. In particular, we show that a Hausdorff locally compact semitopological $0$-bisimple inverse $ω$-semigroup with a compact maximal subgroup is either compact or topologically isomorphic to the topological sum of its $\mathscr{H}$-classes. We describe the structure of Hausdorff locally compact semitopological $0$-bisimple inverse $ω$-semigroups with a monothetic maximal subgroups. In particular we prove the dichotomy for $T_1$ locally compact semitopological …
We study topological properties of the symmetric inverse topological semigroup of finite transformations $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ of the rank $\leqslant n$. We show that the topological inverse semigroup $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ is algebraically $h$-closed in the class of topological inverse semigroups. Also we prove that a topological semigroup $S$ with countably compact square $S\times S$ does not contain the semigroup $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ for infinite cardinal $λ$ and show that the Bohr compactification of an infinite topological symmetric inverse semigroup of finite transformations $\mathscr{I}_λ^n$ of the…
As an appropriate generalisation of the features of the classical (Schein) theory of representations of inverse semigroups in $\mathscr{I}_{X}$, a theory of representations of inverse semigroups by homomorphisms into complete atomistic inverse algebras is developed. This class of inverse algebras includes partial automorphism monoids of entities such as graphs, vector spaces and modules. A workable theory of decompositions is reached; however complete distributivity is required for results approaching those of the classical case.
A regular ordered semigroup $S$ is called right inverse if every principal left ideal of $S$ is generated by an $\mathcal{R}$-unique ordered idempotent. Here we explore the theory of right inverse ordered semigroups. We show that a regular ordered semigroup is right inverse if and only if any two right inverses of an element $a\in S$ are $\mathcal{R}$-related. Furthermore, different characterizations of right Clifford, right group-like, group like ordered semigroups are done by right inverse ordered semigroups. Thus a foundation of right inverse semigroups has been developed.
The purpose of this paper is to study the generalization of inverse semigroups (without order). An ordered semigroup S is called an inverse ordered semigroup if for every a 2 S, any two inverses of a are H-related. We prove that an ordered semigroup is complete semilattice of t-simple ordered semigroups if and only if it is completely regular and inverse. Furthermore characterizations of inverse ordered semigroups have been characterized by their ordered idempotents.
We prove that if $S$ is an $E$-solid locally inverse semigroup, and $ρ$ is an inverse semigroup congruence on $S$ such that the idempotent classes of $ρ$ are completely simple semigroups then $S$ is embeddable into a $λ$-semidirect product of a completely simple semigroup by $S/ρ$. Consequently, the $E$-solid locally inverse semigroups turn out to be, up to isomorphism, the regular subsemigroups of $λ$-semidirect products of completely simple semigroups by inverse semigroups.
We define and study the notion of a crossed module over an inverse semigroup and the corresponding $4$-term exact sequences, called crossed module extensions. For a crossed module $A$ over an $F$-inverse monoid $T$, we show that equivalence classes of admissible crossed module extensions of $A$ by $T$ are in a one-to-one correspondence with the elements of the cohomology group $H^3_\le(T^1,A^1)$.
In this paper we discuss graph inverse semigroups which are constucted from a directed graphs and study several interesting properties of graph inverse semigroups such as the nature of its idempotents, the structure of semilattice of idempotents and the like. A necessary and sufficient condition on directed graphs to have the corresponding graph inverse semigroups are primitive inverse semigroups is provided. Further the general form of elements in local submonoids of the graph inverse semigroups and the Green s relations in graph inverse semigroups in graph theoretic terms are also described
We study two classes of inverse semigroups built from directed graphs, namely graph inverse semigroups and a new class of semigroups that we refer to as Leavitt inverse semigroups. These semigroups are closely related to graph $C^*$-algebras and Leavitt path algebras. We provide a topological characterization of the universal groups of the local submonoids of these inverse semigroups. We study the relationship between the graph inverse semigroups of two graphs when there is a directed immersion between the graphs. We describe the structure of graphs that admit a directed cover or directed imme…
As part of his study of representations of the polycylic monoids, M.V. Lawson described all the closed inverse submonoids of a polycyclic monoid $P_n$ and classified them up to conjugacy. We show that Lawson's description can be extended to closed inverse subsemigroups of graph inverse semigroups. We then apply B. Schein's theory of cosets in inverse semigroups to the closed inverse subsemigroups of graph inverse semigroups: we give necessary and sufficient conditions for a closed inverse subsemigroup of a graph inverse semigroup to have finite index, and determine the value of the index when …
In a group $G$, elements $a$ and $b$ are conjugate if there exists $g\in G$ such that $g^{-1} ag=b$. This conjugacy relation, which plays an important role in group theory, can be extended in a natural way to inverse semigroups: for elements $a$ and $b$ in an inverse semigroup $S$, $a$ is conjugate to $b$, which we will write as $a\sim_{\mathrm{i}} b$, if there exists $g\in S^1$ such that $g^{-1} ag=b$ and $gbg^{-1} =a$. The purpose of this paper is to study the conjugacy $\sim_{\mathrm{i}}$ in several classes of inverse semigroups: symmetric inverse semigroups, free inverse semigroups, McAlli…
Inverse graph semigroups were defined by Ash and Hall in 1975. They found necessary and sufficient conditions for the semigroups to be congruence free. In this paper we give a description of congruences on a graph inverse semigroup in terms of the underlying graph. As a consequence, we show that the inverse graph semigroup of a finite graph is congruence Noetherian.
We show that all of the Schützenberger complexes of an Adian inverse semigroup are finite if the Schützenberger complex of every positive word is finite. This enables us to solve the word problem for certain classes of Adian inverse semigroups (and hence for the corresponding Adian semigroups and Adian groups).
We prove that an inverse semigroup over an Adian presentation is E-unitary.
Congruences on a graph inverse semigroup were recently described in terms of the underline graph. Based on such descriptions, we show that the lattice of congruences on a graph inverse semigroup is upper semimodular but not lower semimodular.
We continue the study of permutations of a finite regular semigroup that map each element to one of its inverses, providing a complete description in the case of semigroups whose idempotent generated subsemigroup is a union of groups. We show, in two ways, how to construct an involution matching on the semigroup of all transformations which either preserve or reverse orientation of a finite cycle. Finally, by way of application, we prove that finite full transformation semigroups have no cover by inverse semigroups that is closed under intersection.
E-disjunctive inverse semigroups
研究E-反链逆半群的结构、自然例子、稀有性及一般结构定理，探讨其逆半群理论特性。
Embedding ample semigroups as (2,1,1)-subalgebras of inverse semigroups
本文研究了将特定类别的充分半群嵌入到逆半群中的(2,1,1)-型子代数问题，并给出了左(右)但非右(左)充分的半群例子。
While every group is isomorphic to a transitive group of permutations, the analogous property fails for inverse semigroups: not all inverse semigroups are isomorphic to transitive inverse semigroups of one-to-one partial transformations of a set. We describe those inverse semigroups that are.
This paper introduces a notion of presentation for locally inverse semigroups and develops a graph structure to describe the elements of locally inverse semigroups given by these presentations. These graphs will have a role similar to the role that Cayley graphs have for group presentations or that Schützenberger graphs have for inverse monoid presentations. However, our graphs have considerable differences with the latter two, even though locally inverse semigroups generalize both groups and inverse semigroups. For example, the graphs introduced here are not `inverse word graphs'. Instead, th…
An algebra has the Howson property if the intersection of any two finitely generated subalgebras is finitely generated. A simple necessary and sufficient condition is given for the Howson property to hold on an inverse semigroup with finitely many idempotents. In addition, it is shown that any monogenic inverse semigroup has the Howson property.
We give a simple construction involving partial actions which permits us to obtain an easy proof of a weakened version of L. O'Carroll's theorem on idempotent pure extensions of inverse semigroups.
Amalgamating inverse semigroups over ample semigroups
本文研究半群融合的嵌入性问题，给出当两个分量半群为逆半群而公共子半群不是逆半群时的不可嵌入条件，并建立使逆包同构从而实现弱可嵌入的充分条件。
Abelianness and centrality in inverse semigroups
本文研究了逆半群中交换性和中心性的概念，证明了可解和 nilpotent 逆半群实际上为群
Howson property and finitely generated intersection problem for monogenic inverse semigroups
研究单演逆半群作为半群时的豪森性质，除单演自由逆半群外都具有该性质，且对于此特殊情况，判定两个有限生成子半群的交是否有限生成的问题可算法求解。
A new construction of a free inverse semigroup was obtained by Poliakova and Schein in 2005. Based on their result, we find a Groebner-Shirshov basis of a free inverse semigroup relative to the deg-lex order of words. In particular, we give the (unique and shortest) Groebner-Shirshov normal forms in the classes of equivalent words of a free inverse semigroup together with the Groebner-Shirshov algorithm to transform any word to its normal form.
We present a construction for the holomorph of an inverse semigroup, derived from the cartesian closed structure of the category of ordered groupoids. We compare the holomorph with the monoid of mappings that preserve the ternary heap operation on an inverse semigroup: for groups these two constructions coincide. We present detailed calculations for semilattices of groups and for the polycyclic monoids.
Inverses semigroups and orthodox semigroups are either defined in terms of inverses, or in terms of the set of idempotents E(S). In this article, we study analogs of these semigroups defined in terms of inverses modulo Green's relation H, or in terms of the set of group invertible elements H(S), that allows a study of non-regular semigroups. We then study the interplays between these new classes of semigroups, as well as with known classes of semigroups (notably inverse, orthodox and cryptic semigroups)
On the complexity of inverse semigroup conjugacy
本文研究有限逆半群共轭判定问题的计算复杂度，给出若干多项式时间算法，证明多种共轭关系具有划分覆盖性质，并证明部分双射半群中幂零性等判定为NL-完全，同时将相关复杂度结果推广到逆半群。
For any graph inverse semigroup $G(E)$ we describe subsemigroups $D^0=D\cup\{0\}$ and $J^0=J\cup\{0\}$ of $G(E)$ where $D$ and $J$ are arbitrary $\mathcal{D}$-class and $\mathcal{J}$-class of $G(E)$, respectively. In particular, we prove that for each $\mathcal{D}$-class $D$ of a graph inverse semigroup over an acyclic graph the semigroup $D^0$ is isomorphic to a semigroup of matrix units. Also we show that for any elements $a,b$ of a graph inverse semigroup $G(E)$, $J_a\cdot J_b\cup J_b\cdot J_a\subset J_b^0$ if there exists a path $w$ such that $s(w)\in J_a$ and $r(w)\in J_b$.
Let Γ be a directed graph and Inv(Γ) be the graph inverse semigroup of Γ. Luo and Wang [7] showed that the congruence lattice C(Inv(Γ)) of any graph inverse semigroup Inv(Γ) is upper semimodular, but not lower semimodular in general. Anagnostopoulou-Merkouri, Mesyan and Mitchell characterized the directed graph Γ for which C(Inv(Γ)) is lower semimodular [2]. In the present paper, we show that the lower semimodularity, modularity and distributivity in the congruence lattice C(Inv(Γ)) of any graph inverse semigroup Inv(Γ) are equivalent.
Locally inverse semigroups are regular semigroups whose idempotents form pseudo-semilattices. We characterise the categories that correspond to locally inverse semigroups in the realm of Nambooripad's cross-connection theory. Further, we specialise our cross-connection description of locally inverse semigroups to inverse semigroups and completely 0-simple semigroups, obtaining structure theorems for these classes. In particular, we show that the structure theorem for inverse semigroups can be obtained using only one category, quite analogous to the Ehresmann-Schein-Nambooripad Theorem; for com…
Semiring and involution identities of powers of inverse semigroups
该研究探讨逆半群子集构成的对合半环的恒等式基问题，给出了有限逆半群的结构条件，可判定其对应的对合半环的半环与对合恒等式是否无有限基。
Semiring identities of finite inverse semigroups
本研究针对乘法约简为逆半群的有限加法幂等半环的有限基问题展开，证明了乘法约简为非平凡rook monoid的这类半环无有限恒等基，且几乎所有乘法约简为组合逆半群的该类半环同样如此。
Nil-extensions of simple and right $π$-inverse ordered semigroups
本文研究了单与右$π$-逆序半群的nil-扩张，证明了在$t$-Archimedean序半群中右$π$-逆与$π$-逆的等价条件，并刻画了其nil-扩张的完全半格。
Semitransitive and transitive subsemigroups of the inverse symmetric semigroups
本文以有限对称群的极小传递子群和最小基数传递子群的分类为模，分别刻画了有限性逆对称半群的极小传递子半群和有限逆对称半群中最小基数的半传递子半群。
We study the path category of an inverse semigroup admitting unique maximal idempotents and give an abstract characterization of the inverse semigroups arising from zigzag maps on a left cancellative category. As applications we show that every inverse semigroup is Morita equivalent to an inverse semigroup of zigzag maps and hence the class of Cuntz-Krieger $C^*$-algebras of singly aligned categories include the tight $C^*$-algebras of all countable inverse semigroups, up to Morita equivalence.
This is an overview of the basics of inverse semigroup theory written for the Workshop on Semigroups and Categories held at the University of Ottawa in 2010.
A note on Morita equivalence to graph inverse semigroups
该研究刻画了与图逆半群Morita等价的逆半群，并将相关结论推广到与左可消范畴关联的逆半群情形。
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