Accepted for publication by Homology, Homotopy Appl. and now 31 pages. Key results and a definition were extended: e.g., Thm. 1.4, Def. 1.14, Thm. 3.11, Thm. 4.5, Cor. 4.6, Cor. 6.9, and Cor. 7.4
For a profinite group $G$, we define an $S[[G]]$-module to be a certain type of $G$-spectrum $X$ built from an inverse system $\{X_i\}_i$ of $G$-spectra, with each $X_i$ naturally a $G/N_i$-spectrum, where $N_i$ is an open normal subgroup and $G \cong \lim_i G/N_i$. We define the homotopy orbit spectrum $X_{hG}$ and its homotopy orbit spectral sequence. We give results about when its $E_2$-term satisfies $E_2^{p,q} \cong \lim_i H_p(G/N_i, π_q(X_i))$. Our main result is that this occurs if $\{π_\ast(X_i)\}_i$ degreewise consists of compact Hausdorff abelian groups and continuous homomorphisms, with each $G/N_i$ acting continuously on $π_q(X_i)$ for all $q$. If $π_q(X_i)$ is additionally always profinite, then the $E_2$-term is the continuous homology of $G$ with coefficients in the graded profinite $\widehat{\mathbb{Z}}[[G]]$-module $π_\ast(X)$. Other results include theorems about Eilenberg-Mac Lane spectra and about when homotopy orbits preserve weak equivalences.
Let E be a k-local profinite G-Galois extension of an E_infty-ring spectrum A (in the sense of Rognes). We show that E may be regarded as producing a discrete G-spectrum. Also, we prove that if E is a profaithful k-local profinite extension which satisfies certain extra conditions, then the forward direction of Rognes's Galois correspondence extends to the profinite setting. We show the function spectrum F_A((E^hH)_k, (E^hK)_k) is equivalent to the homotopy fixed point spectrum ((E[[G/H]])^hK)_k where H and K are closed subgroups of G. Applications to Morava E-theory are given, including showi…
If K is a discrete group and Z is a K-spectrum, then the homotopy fixed point spectrum Z^{hK} is Map_*(EK_+, Z)^K, the fixed points of a familiar expression. Similarly, if G is a profinite group and X is a discrete G-spectrum, then X^{hG} is often given by (H_{G,X})^G, where H_{G,X} is a certain explicit construction given by a homotopy limit in the category of discrete G-spectra. Thus, in each of two common equivariant settings, the homotopy fixed point spectrum is equal to the fixed points of an explicit object in the ambient equivariant category. We enrich this pattern by proving in a preci…
We construct a model structure on simplicial profinite sets such that the homotopy groups carry a natural profinite structure. This yields a rigid profinite completion functor for spaces and pro-spaces. One motivation is the étale homotopy theory of schemes in which higher profinite étale homotopy groups fit well with the étale fundamental group which is always profinite. We show that the profinite étale topological realization functor is a good object in several respects.
For a profinite group, we construct a model structure on profinite spaces and profinite spectra with a continuous action. This yields descent spectral sequences for the homotopy groups of homotopy fixed point space and for stable homotopy groups of homotopy orbit spaces. Our main example is the Galois action on profinite étale topological types of varieties over a field. One motivation is to understand Grothendieck's section conjecture in terms of homotopy fixed points.
For a log scheme locally of finite type over $\mathbb{C}$, a natural candidate for its profinite homotopy type is the profinite completion of its Kato-Nakayama space. Alternatively, one may consider the profinite homotopy type of the underlying topological stack of its infinite root stack. Finally, for a log scheme not necessarily over $\mathbb{C}$, another natural candidate is the profinite étale homotopy type of its infinite root stack. We prove that, for a fine saturated log scheme locally of finite type over $\mathbb{C}$, these three notions agree. In particular, we construct a comparison …
We construct a stable model structure on profinite symmetric spectra with a continuous action of an arbitrary profinite group. This provides a natural framework for a new construction of homotopy fixed point spectra and of homotopy fixed point spectral sequences for the action of the extended Morava stabilizer group on Lubin-Tate spectra. These continuous homotopy fixed points are canonically equivalent to the homotopy fixed points of Devinatz and Hopkins but have a drastically simplified construction.
We complete the program, initiated in [6], to compare the many different possible definitions of the underlying homotopy type of a log scheme. We show that, up to profinite completion, they all yield the same result, and thus arrive at an unambiguous definition of the profinite homotopy type of a log scheme. Specifically, in [6], we define this to be the profinite étale homotopy type of the infinite root stack, and show that, over $\mathbb{C},$ this agrees up to profinite completion with the Kato-Nakayama space. Other possible candidates are the profinite shape of the Kummer étale site $X_{\mb…
For a profinite group $G$, let $(\text{-})^{hG}$, $(\text{-})^{h_dG}$, and $(\text{-})^{h'G}$ denote continuous homotopy fixed points for profinite $G$-spectra, discrete $G$-spectra, and continuous $G$-spectra (coming from towers of discrete $G$-spectra), respectively. We establish some connections between the first two notions, and by using Postnikov towers, for $K \vartriangleleft_c G$ (a closed normal subgroup), give various conditions for when the iterated homotopy fixed points $(X^{hK})^{hG/K}$ exist and are $X^{hG}$. For the Lubin-Tate spectrum $E_n$ and $G <_c G_n$, the extended Morava …
In this paper, we prove that the group of homotopy automorphisms of the profinite completion of the operad of little $2$-disks is isomorphic to the profinite Grothendieck-Teichmüller group. In particular, the absolute Galois group of $\mathbb{Q}$ acts faithfully on the profinite completion of $E_2$ in the homotopy category of profinite weak operads.
We prove that if G is the circle group or a profinite group, then the all of the homotopical information of the category of rational G-spectra is captured by triangulated structure of the rational G-equivariant stable homotopy category. That is, for G profinite or S1, the rational G-equivariant stable homotopy category is rigid. For the case of profinite groups this rigidity comes from an intrinsic formality statement, so we carefully relate the notion of intrinsic formality of a differential graded algebra to rigidity.
We study simplicial profinite groups with a view towards applications in profinite combinatorial group theory. This approach provides a natural framework to the concept of pro-$\mathfrak{C}$-presentation of a pro-$\mathfrak{C}$-group $G$ as a 1-truncation of its free simplicial pro-$\mathfrak{C}$-resolution. The category of simplicial pro-$\mathfrak{C}$-groups has a closed simplicial model category structure. This yields a possibility to define some old and new derived functors as left Quillen derived functors from this simplicial model category. When $\mathfrak{C}$ is L-groups, than may const…
We extend the theory of equivariant orthogonal spectra from finite groups to profinite groups, and more generally from compact Lie groups to compact Hausdorff groups. The G-homotopy theory is "pieced together" from the G/U-homotopy theories for suitable quotient groups G/U of G; a motivation is the way continuous group cohomology of a profinite group is built out of the cohomology of its finite quotient groups. In the model category of equivariant spectra Postnikov towers are studied from a general perspective. We introduce pro-G-spectra and construct various model structures on them. A key pr…
Let G be a profinite group, {X_alpha}_alpha a cofiltered diagram of discrete G-spectra, and Z a spectrum with trivial G-action. We show how to define the homotopy fixed point spectrum F(Z, holim_alpha X_alpha)^{hG} and that when G has finite virtual cohomological dimension (vcd), it is equivalent to F(Z, holim_alpha (X_alpha)^{hG}). With these tools, we show that the K(n)-local Spanier-Whitehead dual is always a homotopy fixed point spectrum, a well-known Adams-type spectral sequence is actually a descent spectral sequence, and, for a sufficiently nice k-local profinite G-Galois extension E, w…
Let G be a profinite group with finite virtual cohomological dimension and let X be a discrete G-spectrum. If H and K are closed subgroups of G, with H normal in K, then, in general, the K/H-spectrum X^{hH} is not known to be a continuous K/H-spectrum, so that it is not known (in general) how to define the iterated homotopy fixed point spectrum (X^{hH})^{hK/H}. To address this situation, we define homotopy fixed points for delta-discrete G-spectra and show that the setting of delta-discrete G-spectra gives a good framework within which to work. In particular, we show that by using delta-discre…
Let $k$ be a field with separable closure $\bar{k}\supset k$, and let $X$ be a qcqs $k$-scheme. We use the theory of profinite Galois categories developed by Barwick-Glasman-Haine to provide a quick conceptual proof that the sequences \begin{equation*} Π_{<\infty}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X_{\bar{k}}) \to Π_{<\infty}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X) \to \mathrm{BGal}(\bar{k}/k) \qquad \text{and} \qquad \widehatΠ{}_{\infty}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X_{\bar{k}}) \to \widehatΠ{}_{\infty}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X) \to \mathrm{BGal}(\bar{k}/k) \end{equation*} of protruncated and profinite étale homotopy types are…
Let G be a non-finite profinite group and let G-Sets_{df} be the canonical site of finite discrete G-sets. Then the category R^+_G, defined by Devinatz and Hopkins, is the category obtained by considering G-Sets_{df} together with the profinite G-space G itself, with morphisms being continuous G-equivariant maps. We show that R^+_G is a site when equipped with the pretopology of epimorphic covers. Also, we explain why the associated topology on R^+_G is not subcanonical, and hence, not canonical. We note that, since R^+_G is a site, there is automatically a model category structure on the cate…
In this paper, we develop the theory of equivariant motivic homotopy theory, both unstable and stable. While our original interest was in the case of profinite group actions on smooth schemes, we discuss our results in as broad a setting as possible so as to be applicable in a variety of contexts, for example to the case of smooth group scheme actions on schemes that are not necessarily smooth. We also discuss how ${\mathbb A}^1$-localization behaves with respect to mod-$\ell$-completion, where $\ell$ is a fixed prime.
When G is a profinite group and H and K are closed subgroups, with H normal in K, it is not known, in general, how to form the iterated homotopy fixed point spectrum (Z^{hH})^{hK/H}, where Z is a continuous G-spectrum and all group actions are to be continuous. However, we show that, if G=G_n, the extended Morava stabilizer group, and Z=L_{K(n)}(E_n \wedge X), where L_{K(n)} is Bousfield localization with respect to Morava K-theory, E_n is the Lubin-Tate spectrum, and X is any spectrum with trivial G_n-action, then the iterated homotopy fixed point spectrum can always be constructed. Also, we …
Let $G$ be a profinite group, $X$ a discrete $G$-spectrum with trivial action, and $X^{hG}$ the continuous homotopy fixed points. For any $N \trianglelefteq_o G$ ("$o$" for open), $X = X^N$ is a $G/N$-spectrum with trivial action. We construct a zigzag $\text{colim}\,_N \,X^{hG/N} \buildrelΦ\over\longrightarrow \text{colim}\,_N \,(X^{hN})^{hG/N} \buildrelΨ\over\longleftarrow X^{hG}$, where $Ψ$ is a weak equivalence. When $Φ$ is a weak equivalence, this zigzag gives an interesting model for $X^{hG}$ (for example, its Spanier-Whitehead dual is $\text{holim}\,_N \,F(X^{hG/N}, S^0)$). We prove tha…
In this paper we study the category of discrete G-spectra for a profinite group G. We consider an embedding of module objects in spectra into a category of module objects in discrete G-spectra, and study the relationship between the embedding and the homotopy fixed points functor. We also consider an embedding of module objects in terms of quasi-categories, and show that the two formulations of embeddings are equivalent in some circumstances.
We show that the group of homotopy automorphisms of the profinite completion of the genus zero surface operad is isomorphic to the (profinite) Grothendieck-Teichmüller group. Using a result of Drummond-Cole, we deduce that the Grothendieck-Teichmüller group acts nontrivially on $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{0,\bullet+1}$, the operad of stable curves of genus zero. As a second application, we give an alternative proof that the framed little 2-disks operad is formal.
The theory of condensed mathematics by Dustin Clausen and Peter Scholze claims that topological spaces should be replaced by the definition of condensed sets. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate in which way the theory of homotopy groups on topological spaces can be extended to the theory of condensed sets. We show that there exist functors from the category of condensed sets to the category of pro-groups, s.t. restriction to CW-spaces coincides with the ordinary notion of homotopy groups on topological spaces. These functors can be extended to the $\infty$-categories of condensed…
To a "stable homotopy theory" (a presentable, symmetric monoidal stable $\infty$-category), we naturally associate a category of finite étale algebra objects and, using Grothendieck's categorical machine, a profinite group that we call the Galois group. We then calculate the Galois groups in several examples. For instance, we show that the Galois group of the periodic $\mathbf{E}_\infty$-algebra of topological modular forms is trivial and that the Galois group of $K(n)$-local stable homotopy theory is an extended version of the Morava stabilizer group. We also describe the Galois group of the …
For a given group $G$ and a collection of subgroups $\mathcal F$ of $G$, we show that there exist a left induced model structure on the category of right $G$-simplicial sets, in which the weak equivalences and cofibrations are the maps that induce weak equivalences and cofibrations on the $H$-orbits for all $H$ in $\mathcal F$. This gives a model categorical criterion for maps that induce weak equivalences on $H$-orbits to be weak equivalences in the $\mathcal F$-model structure.
We describe generators of universal Lefschetz groups consisting of self-maps of equivariant 1-spheres. This allows to formulate a normalization axiom which, together with the usual axioms, determines an equivariant Lefschetz number uniquely. We apply this technique to identify the fixed orbit detecting equivariant Lefschetz number of Chorny with the fixed orbit index of Dzedzej.
We give a new description of Rosenthal's generalized homotopy fixed point spaces as homotopy limits over the orbit category. This is achieved using a simple categorical model for classifying spaces with respect to families of subgroups.
We prove that the space of gauge equivalence classes of U(1)-invariant connections on some SU(2)-principle bundles over the 4-sphere S^4 is weakly homotopy equivalent to a component of the second loop space of the 2-sphere S^2.
Let G be a finite group given in one of the forms listed in the title with period 2d and X(n) an n-dimensional CW-complex with the homotopy type of an n-sphere. We study the automorphism group Aut(G) to compute the number of distinct homotopy types of orbit spaces X(2dn-1)/μwith respect to free and cellular G-actions μon all CW-complexes X(2dn-1). At the end, the groups E(X(2dn-1)/μ) of self homotopy equivalences of orbit spaces X(2dn-1)/μassociated with free and cellular G-actions μon X(2dn-1) are determined.
Let G be a finite group. The unit sphere in a finite-dimensional orthogonal G-representation motivates the definition of homotopy representations, due to tom Dieck. We introduce an algebraic analogue, and establish its basic properties including the Borel-Smith conditions and realization by finite G-CW-complexes.
Let $f$ be a real- or circle-valued Morse function on a compact surface M having exactly $n>0$ critical points. Denote by $O$ the orbit of $f$ with respect to the right action of the group of diffeomorphisms of $M$. We show that the connected components of $O$ have the homotopy type of a finite-dimensional CW-complex. Actually, these connected components are homotopy equivalent to a certain covering space of the $n$-th configuration space of the interior of $M$. As a consequence we obtain that the fundamental group of $O$ is a subgroup of the $n$-th braid group of $M$.
Let $f:T^2\to\mathbb{R}$ be a Morse function on $2$-torus $T^2$ such that its Kronrod-Reeb graph $Γ(f)$ has exactly one cycle, i.e. it is homotopy equivalent to $S^1$. Under some additional conditions we describe a homotopy type of the orbit of $f$ with respect to the action of the group of diffeomorphism of $T^2$. This result holds for a larger class of smooth functions $f:T^2\to\mathbb{R}$ having the following property: for every critical point $z$ of $f$ the germ of $f$ at $z$ is smoothly equivalent to a homogeneous polynomial $\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ without multiple factors.
Under certain conditions, we describe the homotopy type of the homo-topy fibre of the inclusion map F\_n(X) $\rightarrow$ $\prod$\_1^n X for the n-th configuration space F\_n(X) of a topological manifold X without boundary such that dim(X) $\ge$ 3. We then apply our results to the cases where either the universal covering of X is contractible or X is an orbit space S^k/G of a tame, free action of a Lie group G on the k-sphere S^k. If the group G is finite and k is odd, we give a full description of the long exact sequence in homotopy of the homotopy fibration of the inclusion map F\_n(S^k/G) $…
Let $n \geq 1$, $p$ a prime, and $T(n)$ any representative of the Bousfield class of the telescope $v_n^{-1}F(n)$ of a finite type $n$ complex. Also, let $E_n$ be the Lubin-Tate spectrum, $K(E_n)$ its algebraic $K$-theory spectrum, and $G_n$ the extended Morava stabilizer group, a profinite group. Motivated by an Ausoni-Rognes conjecture, we show that there are two spectral sequences \[{^{I}}\mspace{-3mu}E_2^{s,t} \Longrightarrow π_{t-s}((L_{T(n+1)}K(E_n))^{hG_n}) \Longleftarrow {^{II}}\mspace{-2mu}E_2^{s,t}\] with common abutment $π_\ast(-)$ of the continuous homotopy fixed points of $L_{T(n+…
Given a topological group G, its orbit category Orb_G has the transitive G-spaces G/H as objects and the G-equivariant maps between them as morphisms. A well known theorem of Elmendorf then states that the category of G-spaces and the category of contravariant functors Func(Orb_G,Spaces) have equivalent homotopy theories. We extend this result to the context of orbispaces, with the role of Orb_G now played by a category whose objects are topological groups and whose morphisms are given by Hom(H,G) = Mono(H,G) x_G EG. On our way, we endow the category of topological groupoids with notions of we…
Let A be a dg category, F:A->A a dg functor inducing an equivalence of categories in degree-zero cohomology, and A/F the associated dg orbit category. For every A1-homotopy invariant (e.g. homotopy K-theory, K-theory with coefficients, etale K-theory and periodic cyclic homology), we construct a distinguished triangle expressing E(A/F) as the cone of the endomorphism E(F)-Id of E(A). In the particular case where F is the identity dg functor, this triangle splits and gives rise to the fundamental theorem. As a first application, we compute the A1-homotopy invariants of cluster (dg) categories, …
This is the first in a series of papers devoted to foundations of topological stacks. We begin developing a homotopy theory for topological stacks along the lines of classical homotopy theory of topological spaces. In this paper we go as far as introducing the homotopy groups and establishing their basic properties. We also develop a Galois theory of covering spaces for a (locally connected semilocally 1-connected) topological stack. Built into the Galois theory is a method for determining the stacky structure (i.e., inertia groups) of covering stacks. As a consequence, we get for free a chara…
We introduce and compare two approaches to equivariant homotopy theory in a topological or ordinary Quillen model category. For the topological model category of spaces, we generalize Piacenza's result that the categories of topological presheaves indexed by the orbit category of a fixed topological group $G$ and the category of $G$-spaces can be endowed with Quillen equivalent model category structures. We prove an analogous result for any cofibrantly generated model category and discrete group $G$, under certain conditions on the fixed point functors of the subgroups of $G$. These conditions…
Let U be a unipotent group over the field of complex numbers C, acting on a complex algebraic variety X. Assume that there exists a surjective morphism of complex algebraic varieties f: X --> Y whose fibres are orbits of U. We show that if X and Y are smooth and all orbits of U in X have the same dimension, then the induced map on C-points X(C) --> Y(C) is a homotopy equivalence. Moreover, if U, X, Y, and f are defined over the field of real numbers R, then the induced map on R-points X(R) --> Y(R) is surjective and induces homotopy equivalences on connected components.
In this paper we describe and continue the study begun by the author, Jones, and Segal, of the homotopy theory that underlies Floer theory. In that paper the authors addressed the question of realizing a Floer complex as the celluar chain complex of a CW -spectrum or pro-spectrum, where the attaching maps are determined by the compactified moduli spaces of connecting orbits. The basic obstructions to the existence of this realization are the smoothness of these moduli spaces, and the existence of compatible collections of framings of their stable tangent bundles. In this note we describe a gen…
Let $G$ be a group acting freely, properly discontinuously and cellularly on a finite dimensional $C$W-complex $Σ(2n)$ which has the homotopy type of the $2n$- sphere $\mathbb{S}^{2n}$. Then, this action induces an action of the group $G$ on the top cohomology of $Σ(2n)$. For the family of virtually cyclic groups, we classify all groups which act on $Σ(2n)$, the homotopy type of all possible orbit spaces and all actions on the top cohomology as well. \par Under the hypothesis that $\mbox{dim}\,Σ(2n)\leq 2n+1$, we study the groups with the virtual cohomological dimension $\mbox{vcd}\,G<\infty$ …
We consider the topology for a class of hypersurfaces with highly nonisolated singularites which arise as exceptional orbit varieties of a special class of prehomogeneous vector spaces, which are representations of linear algebraic groups with open orbits. These hypersurface singularities include both determinantal hypersurfaces and linear free (and free*) divisors. Although these hypersurfaces have highly nonisolated singularities, we determine the topology of their Milnor fibers, complements and links. We do so by using the action of linear algebraic groups beginning with the complement, ins…
This paper identifies the homotopy theories of topological stacks and orbispaces with unstable global homotopy theory. At the same time, we provide a new perspective by interpreting it as the homotopy theory of `spaces with an action of the universal compact Lie group'. The upshot is a novel way to construct and study genuine cohomology theories on stacks, orbifolds, and orbispaces, defined from stable global homotopy types represented by orthogonal spectra. The universal compact Lie group (which is neither compact nor a Lie group) is a well known object, namely the topological monoid $\mathca…
Let $p$ be a prime, $n \geq 1$, $K(n)$ the $n$th Morava $K$-theory spectrum, $\mathbb{G}_n$ the extended Morava stabilizer group, and $K(A)$ the algebraic $K$-theory spectrum of a commutative $S$-algebra $A$. For a type $n+1$ complex $V_n$, Ausoni and Rognes conjectured that (a) the unit map $i_n: L_{K(n)}(S^0) \to E_n$ from the $K(n)$-local sphere to the Lubin-Tate spectrum induces a map \[K(L_{K(n)}(S^0)) \wedge v_{n+1}^{-1}V_n \to (K(E_n))^{h\mathbb{G}_n} \wedge v_{n+1}^{-1}V_n\] that is a weak equivalence, where (b) since $\mathbb{G}_n$ is profinite, $(K(E_n))^{h\mathbb{G}_n}$ denotes a co…
Let G be a real reductive algebraic group with maximal compact subgroup K, and let F be a rank r free group. Here, we summarize the construction of a natural strong deformation retraction from the space of closed orbits in Hom(F,G)/G to the orbit space Hom(F,K)/K. In particular, these spaces have the same homotopy type.
We study higher analogues of effective and effectual topological complexity of spaces equipped with a group action. These are $G$-homotopy invariant and are motivated by the (higher) motion planning problem of $G$-spaces for which their group action is thought of as an external system assisting the motion planning. Related to this interpretation we define what we call orbital topological complexity, which is also a $G$-homotopy invariant that provides an upper bound for the topological complexity of the quotient space by the group action. We apply these concepts to actions of the group of orde…
We introduce the notion of a strongly homotopy-comultiplicative resolution of a module coalgebra over a chain Hopf algebra, which we apply to proving a comultiplicative enrichment of a well-known theorem of Moore concerning the homology of quotient spaces of group actions. The importance of our enriched version of Moore's theorem lies in its application to the construction of useful cochain algebra models for computing multiplicative structure in equivariant cohomology. In the special cases of homotopy orbits of circle actions on spaces and of group actions on simplicial sets, we obtain small,…
