The fundamental fiber sequence in étale homotopy theory
Peter J. Haine, Tim Holzschuh, Sebastian Wolf
备注：
Comments very welcome! v3. 16 pages. Improved the exposition in subsection 1.2. Expanded and generalized the material in subsection 3.3. To appear in International Mathematics Research Notices. v2: 15 pages. Minor changes and added a reference. v1: 14 pages
Let $k$ be a field with separable closure $\bar{k}\supset k$, and let $X$ be a qcqs $k$-scheme. We use the theory of profinite Galois categories developed by Barwick-Glasman-Haine to provide a quick conceptual proof that the sequences \begin{equation*} Π_{<\infty}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X_{\bar{k}}) \to Π_{<\infty}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X) \to \mathrm{BGal}(\bar{k}/k) \qquad \text{and} \qquad \widehatΠ{}_{\infty}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X_{\bar{k}}) \to \widehatΠ{}_{\infty}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X) \to \mathrm{BGal}(\bar{k}/k) \end{equation*} of protruncated and profinite étale homotopy types are fiber sequences. This gives a common conceptual reason for the following two phenomena: first, the higher étale homotopy groups of $X$ and the geometric fiber $X_{\bar{k}}$ are isomorphic, and second, if $X_{\bar{k}}$ is connected, then the sequence of profinite étale fundamental groups $1\to\hatπ{}_{1}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X_{\bar{k}})\to\hatπ{}_{1}^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X)\to\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{k}/k)\to 1$ is exact. It also proves the analogous results for the `groupe fondamental élargi' of SGA3.
Early in the history of higher homotopy algebra, it was realized that Massey products are homotopy invariants in a special sense, but it was the work of Tornike Kadeisvili that showed they were but a shadow of an A-infinity-structure on the homology of a differential graded algebra. Here we relate his work to that of Victor Gugenheim and K.T. (Chester) Chen. This paper is a personal tribute to Tornike and the Georgian school of homotopy theory as well as to Gugenheim and Chen, who unfortunately are not with us to appreciate this convergence.
Given an appropriate diagram of left Quillen functors between model categories, one can define a notion of homotopy fiber product, but one might ask if it is really the correct one. Here, we show that this homotopy pullback is well-behaved with respect to translating it into the setting of more general homotopy theories, given by complete Segal spaces, where we have well-defined homotopy pullbacks.
We describe a new relation between the topology of hypersurface complements, Milnor fibers and degree of gradient mappings. In particular we show that any projective hypersurface has affine parts which are bouquets of spheres. The main tools are the polar curves and the affine Lefschetz theory developped by H. Hamm, D.T. Lê and A. Némethi. In the special case of the hyperplane arrangements, we strengthen some results due to Orlik and Terao (see Math. Ann. 301(1995)) and obtain the minimality of hyperplane arrangements (see Randell math.AT/0011101 for another proof of this result). This is then…
We propose a simplified definition of Quillen's fibration sequences in a pointed model category that fully captures the theory, although it is completely independent of the concept of action. This advantage arises from the understanding that the homotopy theory of the model category's arrow category contains all homotopical information about its long fibration sequences.
We consider the topology for a class of hypersurfaces with highly nonisolated singularites which arise as exceptional orbit varieties of a special class of prehomogeneous vector spaces, which are representations of linear algebraic groups with open orbits. These hypersurface singularities include both determinantal hypersurfaces and linear free (and free*) divisors. Although these hypersurfaces have highly nonisolated singularities, we determine the topology of their Milnor fibers, complements and links. We do so by using the action of linear algebraic groups beginning with the complement, ins…
Small Bénabou's bicategories and, in particular, Mac Lane's monoidal categories, have well-understood classifying spaces, which give geometric meaning to their cells. This paper contains some contributions to the study of the relationship between bicategories and the homotopy types of their classifying spaces. Mainly, generalizations are given of Quillen's Theorems A and B to lax functors between bicategories.
Let F denote the homotopy fiber of a map f:K-->L of 2-reduced simplicial sets. Using as input data the strongly homotopy coalgebra structure of the chain complexes of K and L, we construct a small, explicit chain algebra, the homology of which is isomorphic as a graded algebra to the homology of GF, the simplicial (Kan) loop group on F. To construct this model, we develop machinery for modeling the homotopy fiber of a morphism of chain Hopf algebras. Essential to our construction is a generalization of the operadic description of the category DCSH of chain coalgebras and of strongly homotopy c…
The purpose of this paper is to give some solutions for the classification problem in fibration theory by using the homotopy sequences of fibrations (sequences of $n$-th homotopy groups $ π_{n}(S,s_{o}) $ of total spaces of fibrations). In particular, to show the role of homotopy sequence of $n$-th homotopy to get the required fiber map in Fadell-Dold theorem such that the restriction of this fiber map on some fiber spaces is a homotopy equivalence.
In the present paper we consider a special class of locally trivial bundles with fiber a matrix algebra. On the set of such bundles over a finite $CW$-complex we define a relevant equivalence relation. The obtained stable theory gives us a geometric description of the H-space structure $\BSU_\otimes$ on $\BSU$ related to the tensor product of virtual $\SU$-bundles of virtual dimension 1.
Generalizing a definition of homotopy fiber products of model categories, we give a definition of the homotopy limit of a diagram of left Quillen functors between model categories. As has been previously shown for homotopy fiber products, we prove that such a homotopy limit does in fact correspond to the usual homotopy limit, when we work in a more general model for homotopy theories in which they can be regarded as objects of a model category.
We study the spaces of embeddings $S^m\hookrightarrow R^n$ and those of long embeddings $R^m\hookrightarrow R^n$, i.e. embeddings of a fixed behavior outside a compact set. More precisely we look at the homotopy fiber of the inclusion of these spaces to the spaces of immersions. We find a natural fiber sequence relating these spaces. We also compare the $L_\infty$-algebras of diagrams that encode their rational homotopy type, when the codimension $n-m\geq 3$.
For each prime $p$, we define a $t$-structure on the category $\widehat{S^{0,0}}/τ\text{-}\mathbf{Mod}_{harm}^b$ of harmonic $\mathbb{C}$-motivic left module spectra over $\widehat{S^{0,0}}/τ$, whose MGL-homology has bounded Chow-Novikov degree, such that its heart is equivalent to the abelian category of $p$-completed $BP_*BP$-comodules that are concentrated in even degrees. We prove that $\widehat{S^{0,0}}/τ\text{-}\mathbf{Mod}_{harm}^b$ is equivalent to $\mathcal{D}^b({{BP}_*{BP}\text{-}\mathbf{Comod}}^{ev})$ as stable $\infty$-categories equipped with $t$-structures. As an application, for…
This mostly expository paper records some basic facts about towers of homotopy fiber sequences. We give a proof that a pairing of towers induces a pairing of associated spectral sequences, for towers of spaces and towers of spectra.
Working in homotopy type theory, we introduce the notion of $n$-exactness for a short sequence $F\to E\to B$ of pointed types, and show that any fiber sequence $F\hookrightarrow E \twoheadrightarrow B$ of arbitrary types induces a short sequence $\|F\|_{n-1} \to \|E\|_{n-1} \to \|B\|_{n-1}$ that is $n$-exact at $\|E\|_{n-1}$. We explain how the indexing makes sense when interpreted in terms of $n$-groups, and we compare our definition to the existing definitions of an exact sequence of $n$-groups for $n=1,2$. As the main application, we obtain the long $n$-exact sequence of homotopy $n$-groups…
We define $\mathcal{H}$-fibration sequences as fibrations where the holonomy action of the fundamental group of the base on the fiber lies in a given subgroup $\mathcal{H}$ of $\mathcal{E}(F)$, where $\mathcal{E}(F)$ is the homotopy automorphism group of the fiber. Furthermore, we classify these $\mathcal{H}$-fibration sequences via a universal $\mathcal{H}$-fibration sequence.
We give a streamlined proof of ${\mathbb A}^1$-representability for $G$-torsors under "isotropic" reductive groups, extending previous results in this sequence of papers to finite fields. We then analyze a collection of group homomorphisms that yield fiber sequences in ${\mathbb A}^1$-homotopy theory, and identify the final examples of motivic spheres that arise as homogeneous spaces for reductive groups.
We construct cohomology classes in the space of knots by considering a bundle over this space and "integrating along the fiber" classes coming from the cohomology of configuration spaces using a Pontrjagin-Thom construction. The bundle we consider is essentially the one considered by Bott and Taubes, who integrated differential forms along the fiber to get knot invariants. By doing this "integration" homotopy-theoretically, we are able to produce integral cohomology classes. We then show how this integration is compatible with the homology operations on the space of long knots, as studied by B…
We study the spaces of embeddings of manifolds in a Euclidean space. More precisely we look at the homotopy fiber of the inclusion of these spaces to the spaces of immersions. As a main result we express the rational homotopy type of connected components of those embedding spaces through combinatorially defined $L_\infty$-algebras of diagrams.
In this work, we build a spectral sequence in motivic homotopy that is analogous to both the Serre spectral sequence in algebraic topology and the Leray spectral sequence in algebraic geometry. Here, we focus on laying the foundations necessary to build the spectral sequence and give a convenient description of its $E_2$-page. Our description of the $E_2$-page is in terms of homology of the local system of fibers, which is given using a theory similar to Rost's cycle modules. We close by providing some sample applications of the spectral sequence and some hints at future work.
In this note we define fibrations of topological stacks and establish their main properties. We prove various standard results about fibrations (fiber homotopy exact sequence, Leray-Serre and Eilenberg-Moore spectral sequences, etc.). We prove various criteria for a morphism of topological stacks to be a fibration, and use these to produce examples of fibrations. We prove that every morphism of topological stacks factors through a fibration and construct the homotopy fiber of a morphism of topological stacks. When restricted to topological spaces our notion of fibration coincides with the clas…
The homotopy fiber of the inclusion from the long embedding space to the long immersion space is known to be an iterated based loop space (if the codimension is greater than two). In this paper we deloop the homotopy fiber to obtain the topological Stiefel manifold, combining results of Lashof and of Lees. We also give a delooping of the long embedding space, which can be regarded as a version of Morlet-Burghelea-Lashof's delooping of the diffeomorphism group of the disk relative to the boundary. As a corollary, we show that the homotopy fiber is weakly equivalent to a space on which the frame…
This very speculative sketch suggests that a theory of fundamental groupoids for tensor triangulated categories could be used to describe the ring of integers as the singular fiber in a family of ring-spectra parametrized by a structure space for the stable homotopy category, and that Bousfield localization might be part of a theory of `nearby' cycles for stacks or orbifolds.
Several possible presentations for the homotopy theory of (non-hypercomplete) $\infty$-stacks on a classical site S are discussed. In particular, it is shown that an elegant combinatorial description in terms of diagrams in S exists, similar to Cisinski's presentation, based on work of Quillen, Thomason and Grothendieck, of usual homotopy theory by small categories and their smallest (basic) localizer. As an application it is shown that any (local) fibered (a.k.a. algebraic) derivator over S with stable fibers extends to $\infty$-stacks in a well-defined way under mild assumptions.
We consider the problem of approximating a linear cocycle (or, more generally, a vector bundle automorphism) over a fixed base dynamics by another cocycle admitting a dominated splitting. We prove that the possibility of doing so depends only on the homotopy class of the cocycle, provided that the base dynamics is a minimal diffeomorphism and the fiber dimension is least 3. This result is obtained by means of a general theorem on the existence of almost invariant sections for fiberwise isometries of bundles with compact fibers and finite fundamental group. The main novelty of the proofs is the…
We develop a general theory of cosimplicial resolutions, homotopy spectral sequences, and completions for objects in model categories, extending work of Bousfield-Kan and Bendersky-Thompson for ordinary spaces. This is based on a generalized cosimplicial version of the Dwyer-Kan-Stover theory of resolution model categories, and we are able to construct our homotopy spectral sequences and completions using very flexible weak resolutions in the spirit of relative homological algebra. We deduce that our completion functors have triple structures and preserve certain fiber squares up to homotopy. …
Let $G$ be a finite group and $\mathcal{H}$ be a family of subgroups of $G$ which is closed under conjugation and taking subgroups. Let $B$ be a $G$-$CW$-complex whose isotropy subgroups are in $\mathcal{H}$ and let $\mathcal{F}= \{F_H\}_{H \in \mathcal{H}}$ be a compatible family of $H$-spaces. A $G$-fibration over $B$ with fiber $\mathcal{F}= \{F_H\}_{H \in \mathcal{H}}$ is a $G$-equivariant fibration $p:E \rightarrow B$ where $p^{-1}(b)$ is $G_b$-homotopy equivalent to $F_{G_b}$ for each $b \in B$. In this paper, we develop an obstruction theory for constructing $G$-fibrations with fiber $\…
We develop a framework for displaying the stable homotopy theory of the sphere, at least after localization at the second Morava K-theory K(2). At the prime 3, we write the spectrum L_{K(2)S^0 as the inverse limit of a tower of fibrations with four layers. The successive fibers are of the form E_2^hF where F is a finite subgroup of the Morava stabilizer group and E_2 is the second Morava or Lubin-Tate homology theory. We give explicit calculation of the homotopy groups of these fibers. The case n=2 at p=3 represents the edge of our current knowledge: n=1 is classical and at n=2, the prime 3 is…
For a Poincare duality space X and a map X -> B, consider the homotopy fiber product X x^B X. If X is orientable with respect to a multiplicative cohomology theory E, then, after suitably regrading, it is shown that the E-homology of X x^B X has the structure of a graded associative algebra. When X -> B is the diagonal map of a manifold X, one recovers a result of Chas and Sullivan about the homology of the free loop space LX.
Let $X^\bullet$ be a cosimplicial object in a pointed $\infty$-category. We show that the fiber of $\mathrm{Tot}_m(X^\bullet) \to \mathrm{Tot}_n(X^\bullet)$ depends only on the pointed cosimplicial object $Ω^k X^\bullet$ and is in particular a $k$-fold loop object, where $k = 2n - m+2$. The approach is explicit obstruction theory with quasicategories. We also discuss generalizations to other types of homotopy limits and colimits.
Let $f$ be a Morse function on a smooth compact manifold $M$ with boundary. The path component $\mathrm{PH}_f^{-1}(D)$ containing $f$ of the space of Morse functions giving rise to the same Persistent Homology $D=\mathrm{PH}(f))$ is shown to be the same as the orbit of $f$ under pre-composition $ϕ\mapsto f\circ ϕ$ by diffeomorphisms of $M$ which are isotopic to the identity. Consequently we derive topological properties of the fiber $\mathrm{PH}_f^{-1}(D)$: In particular we compute its homotopy type for many compact surfaces $M$. In the $1$-dimensional settings where $M$ is the unit interval o…
We prove a nearly optimal bound on the number of stable homotopy types occurring in a k-parameter semi-algebraic family of sets in $\R^\ell$, each defined in terms of m quadratic inequalities. Our bound is exponential in k and m, but polynomial in $\ell$. More precisely, we prove the following. Let $\R$ be a real closed field and let \[ {\mathcal P} = \{P_1,...,P_m\} \subset \R[Y_1,...,Y_\ell,X_1,...,X_k], \] with ${\rm deg}_Y(P_i) \leq 2, {\rm deg}_X(P_i) \leq d, 1 \leq i \leq m$. Let $S \subset \R^{\ell+k}$ be a semi-algebraic set, defined by a Boolean formula without negations, whose atoms …
In this paper we show that the strict and lax pullbacks of a 2-categorical opfibration along an arbitrary 2-functor are homotopy equivalent. We give two applications. First, we show that the strict fibers of an opfibration model the homotopy fibers. This is a version of Quillen's Theorem B amenable to applications. Second, we compute the $E^2$ page of a homology spectral sequence associated to an opfibration and apply this machinery to a 2-categorical construction of $S^{-1}S$. We show that if $S$ is a symmetric monoidal 2-groupoid with faithful translations then $S^{-1}S$ models the group com…
We construct a space $\mathbb{P}$ for which the canonical homomorphism $π_1(\mathbb{P},p) \rightarrow \checkπ_1(\mathbb{P},p)$ from the fundamental group to the first Čech homotopy group is not injective, although it has all of the following properties: (1) $\mathbb{P}\setminus\{p\}$ is a 2-manifold with connected non-compact boundary; (2) $\mathbb{P}$ is connected and locally path connected; (3) $\mathbb{P}$ is strongly homotopically Hausdorff; (4) $\mathbb{P}$ is homotopically path Hausdorff; (5) $\mathbb{P}$ is 1-UV$_0$; (6) $\mathbb{P}$ admits a simply connected generalized covering space …
The aim of this short paper is to establish a spectral algebra analog of the Bousfield-Kan "fibration lemma" under appropriate conditions. We work in the context of algebraic structures that can be described as algebras over an operad $\mathcal{O}$ in symmetric spectra. Our main result is that completion with respect to topological Quillen homology (or TQ-completion, for short) preserves homotopy fibration sequences provided that the base and total $\mathcal{O}$-algebras are connected. Our argument essentially boils down to proving that the natural map from the homotopy fiber to its TQ-complet…
We study aspects of the A^1-homotopy classification problem in dimensions >= 3 and, to this end, we investigate the problem of computing A^1-homotopy groups of some A^1-connected smooth varieties of dimension >=. Using these computations, we construct pairs of A^1-connected smooth proper varieties all of whose A^1-homotopy groups are abstractly isomorphic, yet which are not A^1-weakly equivalent. The examples come from pairs of Zariski locally trivial projective space bundles over projective spaces and are of the smallest possible dimension. Projectivizations of vector bundles give rise to A^1…
Let p be an odd regular prime, and assume that the Lichtenbaum-Quillen conjecture holds for K(Z[1/p]) at p. Then the p-primary homotopy type of the smooth Whitehead spectrum Wh(*) is described. A suspended copy of the cokernel-of-J spectrum splits off, and the torsion homotopy of the remainder equals the torsion homotopy of the fiber of the restricted S^1-transfer map t: SigmaCP^infty--> S. The homotopy groups of Wh(*) are determined in a range of degrees, and the cohomology of Wh(*) is expressed as an A-module in all degrees, up to an extension. These results have geometric topological interp…
Tanaka introduced a notion of Lusternik Schnirelmann category, denoted $\mathrm{ccat}\, \mathcal{C}$, of a small category $\mathcal{C}$. Among other properties, he proved an analog of Varadarajan's theorem for fibrations, relating the LS-categories of the total space, the base and the fiber. In this paper we recall the notion of homotopic distance $\mathrm{D}(F,G)$ between two functors $F,G\colon \mathcal{C} \to \mathcal{D}$, later introduced by us, which has $\mathrm{ccat} \mathcal{C}=\mathrm{D}(\mathrm{id}_{\mathcal{C}},\bullet)$ as a particular case. We consider another particular case, the…
We develop the theory of derived differential geometry in terms of bundles of curved $L_\infty[1]$-algebras, i.e. dg manifolds of positive amplitudes. We prove the category of derived manifolds is a category of fibrant objects. Therefore, we can make sense of "homotopy fibered product" and "derived intersection" of submaifolds in a smooth manifold in the homotopy category of derived manifolds. We construct a factorization of the diagonal using path spaces. First we construct an infinite-dimensional factorization using actual path spaces motivated by the AKSZ construction, then we cut down to f…
