Let F denote the homotopy fiber of a map f:K-->L of 2-reduced simplicial sets. Using as input data the strongly homotopy coalgebra structure of the chain complexes of K and L, we construct a small, explicit chain algebra, the homology of which is isomorphic as a graded algebra to the homology of GF, the simplicial (Kan) loop group on F. To construct this model, we develop machinery for modeling the homotopy fiber of a morphism of chain Hopf algebras.
Essential to our construction is a generalization of the operadic description of the category DCSH of chain coalgebras and of strongly homotopy coalgebra maps given in (math.AT/0505559) to strongly homotopy morphisms of comodules over Hopf algebras. This operadic description is expressed in terms of a general theory of monoidal structures in categories with morphism sets parametrized by co-rings, which we elaborate here.
In this paper we study the relationship between the homology and homotopy of a space at infinity and at its boundary. Firstly, we prove that if a locally connected, connected, $δ$-hyperbolic space that is acted upon geometrically by a group has trivial homotopy at infinity then the first Čech homotopy group is trivial. Secondly, we prove that if a hyperbolic group on a finite field has trivial $i^{th}$ homology at infinity then the boundary of the group has trivial $i^{th}$ Steenrod homology. This result turns out to be important in addressing an open problem related to Cannon's conjecture.
Given a CW-complex A we define an `A-shaped' homology theory which behaves nicely towards A-homotopy groups allowing the generalization of many classical results. We also develop a relative version of the Federer spectral sequence for computing A-homotopy groups. As an application we derive a generalization of the Hopf-Whitney theorem.
We extend the notion of simplicial set with effective homology to diagrams of simplicial sets. Further, for a given finite diagram of simplicial sets $X \colon \mathcal{I} \to \mathsf{sSet}$ such that each simplicial set $X(i)$ has effective homology, we present an algorithm computing the homotopy colimit $\mathsf{hocolim} X$ as a simplicial set with effective homology. We also give an algorithm computing the cofibrant replacement $X^\mathsf{cof}$ of $X$ as a diagram with effective homology. This is applied to computing of equivariant cohomology operations.
This paper is a survey of persistent homology, primarily as it is used in topological data analysis. It includes the theory of persistence modules, as well as stability theorems for persistence barcodes, generalized persistence, vectorization of persistence barcodes, as well as some applications.
Let $R\subseteq \Bbb Q$ be a subring of the rationals and let $p$ be the least prime (if none, $p=\infty $) which is not invertible in $R.$ For an $R$-local $r$-connected $CW$-complex $X$ of dimension $\leq \min(r+2p-3,rp-1), r\geq 1, $ a complete homotopy invariant is constructed in terms of the loop space homology $H_*(ΩX).$ This allows us to classify all such $R$-local spaces up to homotopy with a fixed loop space homology.
We show that the unnormalised Khovanov homology of an oriented link can be identified with the derived functors of the inverse limit. This leads to a homotopy theoretic interpretation of Khovanov homology.
For $n\geq 2$ we consider $(n-1)$-connected closed manifolds of dimension at most $(3n-2)$. We prove that away from a finite set of primes, the $p$-local homotopy groups of $M$ are determined by the dimension of the space of indecomposable elements in the cohomology ring $H^\ast(M)$. Moreover, we show that these $p$-local homotopy groups can be expressed as direct sum of $p$-local homotopy groups of spheres. This generalizes some of the results of our earlier work.
The purpose of this note is to point out that simplicial methods and the well-known Dold-Kan construction in simplicial homotopy theory can be fruitfully applied to convert link homology theories into homotopy theories. Dold and Kan prove that there is a functor from the category of chain complexes over a commutative ring with unit to the category of simplicial objects over that ring such that chain homotopic maps go to homotopic maps in the simplicial category. Furthermore, this is an equivalence of categories. In this way, given a link homology theory, we construct a mapping taking link diag…
We study fibred spaces with fibres in a structure category $\V$ and we show that cellular approximation, Blakers--Massey theorem, Whitehead theorems, obstruction theory, Hurewicz homomorphism, Wall finiteness obstruction, and Whitehead torsion theorem hold for fibred spaces. For this we introduce the cohomology of fibred spaces.
This article explains and extends semialgebraic homotopy theory (developed by H. Delfs and M. Knebusch) to o-minimal homotopy theory (over a field). The homotopy category of definable CW-complexes is equivalent to the homotopy category of topological CW-complexes (with continuous mappings). If the theory of the o-minimal expansion of a field is bounded, then these categories are equivalent to the homotopy category of weakly definable spaces. Similar facts hold for decreasing systems of spaces. As a result, generalized homology and cohomology theories on pointed weak polytopes uniquely correspo…
In this paper, we study the stable homotopy types of $\mathbf{F}^4_{n(2)}$-polyhedra, i.e., $(n-1)$-connected, at most $(n+4)$-dimensional polyhedra with 2-torsion free homologies. We are able to classify the indecomposable $\mathbf{F}^4_{n(2)}$-polyhedra. The proof relies on the matrix problem technique which was developed in the classification of representaions of algebras and applied to homotopy theory by Baues and Drozd.
In this paper we prove results relating to two homotopy relations and four homology theories developed in the topology of digital images. We introduce a new type of homotopy relation for digitally continuous functions which we call "strong homotopy." Both digital homotopy and strong homotopy are natural digitizations of classical topological homotopy: the difference between them is analogous to the difference between digital 4-adjacency and 8-adjacency in the plane. We also consider four different digital homology theories: a simplicial homology theory by Arslan et al which is the homology of …
We show that Connes' B-operator on a cyclic differential graded k-module M is a model for the canonical circle action on the geometric realization of M. This implies that the negative cyclic homology and the periodic cyclic homology of a differential graded category can be identified with the homotopy fixed points and the Tate fixed points of the circle action on its Hochschild complex.
In the present paper the cyclic homology functor from the category of $A_\infty$-algebras over any commutative unital ring $K$ to the category of graded $K$-modules is constructed. Further, it is showed that this functor sends homotopy equivalences of $A_\infty$-algebras into isomorphisms of graded modules. As a corollary, it is obtained that the cyclic homology of an $A_\infty$-algebra over any field is isomorphic to the cyclic homology of the $A_\infty$-algebra of homologies for the source $A_\infty$-algebra.
In this paper, we prove an equivariant version of the classical Dold-Thom theorem. Associated to a finite group, a CW-complex on which this group acts and a covariant coefficient system in the sense of Bredon, we functorially construct a topological abelian group by the coend construction. Then we prove that the homotopy groups of this topological abelian group are naturally isomorphic to the Bredon equivariant homology of the CW-complex. At the end we present several examples of this result.
We construct a stable homotopy refinement of quantum annular homology, a link homology theory introduced by Beliakova, Putyra and Wehrli. For each $r\geq 2$ we associate to an annular link $L$ a naive $\mathbb{Z}/r\mathbb{Z}$-equivariant spectrum whose cohomology is isomorphic to the quantum annular homology of $L$ as modules over $\mathbb{Z}[\mathbb{Z}/r\mathbb{Z}]$. The construction relies on an equivariant version of the Burnside category approach of Lawson, Lipshitz and Sarkar. The quotient under the cyclic group action is shown to recover the stable homotopy refinement of annular Khovanov…
Arone and the second author showed that when the dimensions are in the stable range, the rational homology and homotopy of the high dimensional anologues of spaces of long knots can be calculated as the homology of a direct sum of finite graph-complexes that they described explicitly. They also showed that these homology and homotopy groups can be interpreted as the higher order Hochschild homology also called Hochschild-Pirashvili homology. In this paper, we generalize all these results to high dimensional analogues of spaces of string links. The methods of our paper are applicable in the ran…
Working in the context of symmetric spectra, we describe and study a homotopy completion tower for algebras and left modules over operads in the category of modules over a commutative ring spectrum (e.g., structured ring spectra). We prove a strong convergence theorem that for 0-connected algebras and modules over a (-1)-connected operad, the homotopy completion tower interpolates (in a strong sense) between topological Quillen homology and the identity functor. By systematically exploiting strong convergence, we prove several theorems concerning the topological Quillen homology of algebras an…
We give a generalization of Fukaya's Morse homotopy theoretic approach for 2-loop Chern--Simons perturbation theory to 3-valent graphs with arbitrary number of loops at least 2. We construct a sequence of invariants of integral homology 3-spheres with values in a space of 3-valent graphs (Jacobi diagrams or Feynman diagrams) by counting graphs in an integral homology 3-sphere satisfying certain condition described by a set of ordinary differential equations.
Described the algebraic structure on the space of homotopy classes of cycles with marked topological flags of disks. This space is a non-commutative monoid, with an Abelian quotient corresponding to the group of singular homologies $H_k(M)$. For the marked flag contracted to a point the multiplication becomes commutative and the subgroup of spherical cycles corresponds to the usual homotopy group $π_k(M)$.
By considering labeled configurations of ``bounded multiplicity'', one can construct a functor that fits between homology and stable homotopy. Based on previous work, we are able to give an equivalent description of this labeled construction in terms of loop space functors and symmetric products. This yields a direct generalization of the May-Milgram model for iterated loop spaces, and answers questions of Carlsson and Milgram posed in the handbook. We give a classifying space formulation of our results hence extending an older result of Segal. We finally relate our labeled construction to a t…
The dihedral homology functor $HD:A_\infty^{\rm inv}(K)\to GrM(K)$ from the category $A_\infty^{\rm inv}(K)$ of involutive $A_\infty$-algebras over any commutative unital ring $K$ to the category $GrM(K)$ of graded $K$-modules is constructed. Further, it is showed that this functor sends homotopy equivalences of involutive $A_\infty$-algebras into isomorphisms of graded modules.
Given an appropriate diagram of left Quillen functors between model categories, one can define a notion of homotopy fiber product, but one might ask if it is really the correct one. Here, we show that this homotopy pullback is well-behaved with respect to translating it into the setting of more general homotopy theories, given by complete Segal spaces, where we have well-defined homotopy pullbacks.
For commutative algebras there are three important homology theories, Harrison homology, Andre-Quillen homology and Gamma-homology. In general these differ, unless one works with respect to a ground field of characteristic zero. We show that the analogues of these homology theories agree in the category of pointed commutative monoids in symmetric sequences and that Hochschild homology always possesses a Hodge decomposition in this setting. In addition we prove that the category of pointed differential graded commutative monoids in symmetric sequences has a model structure and that it is Quille…
Given a good homology theory E and a topological space X, the E-homology of X is not just an E_{*}-module but also a comodule over the Hopf algebroid (E_{*}, E_{*}E). We establish a framework for studying the homological algebra of comodules over a well-behaved Hopf algebroid (A, Gamma). That is, we construct the derived category Stable(Gamma) of (A, Gamma) as the homotopy category of a Quillen model structure on the category of unbounded chain complexes of Gamma-comodules. This derived category is obtained by inverting the homotopy isomorphisms, NOT the homology isomorphisms. We establish the…
In this paper we study $\mathcal M(X)$, the set of diffeomorphism classes of smooth manifolds with the simple homotopy type of $X$, via a map $Ψ$ from $\mathcal M(X)$ into the quotient of $K(X)=[X,BSO]$ by the action of the group of homotopy classes of simple self equivalences of $X$. The map $Ψ$ describes which bundles over $X$ can occur as normal bundles of manifolds in $\mathcal M(X)$. We determine the image of $Ψ$ when $X$ belongs to a certain class of homology spheres. In particular, we find conditions on elements of $K(X)$ that guarantee they are pullbacks of normal bundles of manifolds …
We propose an axiomatic characterization of coarse homology theories defined on the category of bornological coarse spaces. We construct a category of motivic coarse spectra. Our focus is the classification of coarse homology theories and the construction of examples. We show that if a transformation between coarse homology theories induces an equivalence on all discrete bornological coarse spaces, then it is an equivalence on bornological coarse spaces of finite asymptotic dimension. The example of coarse K-homology will be discussed in detail.
In this paper, we discuss two topics: first, we show how to convert 1+1-topological quantum field theories valued in symmetric bimonoidal categories into stable homotopical data, using a machinery by Elmendorf and Mandell. Then, we discuss, in this framework, two recent results (independent of each other) on refinements of Khovanov homology: our refinement into a module over the connective k-theory spectrum and a stronger result by Lipshitz and Sarkar refining Khovanov homology into a stable homotopy type.
We introduce a homotopy theory of digraphs (directed graphs) and prove its basic properties, including the relations to the homology theory of digraphs constructed by the authors in previous papers. In particular, we prove the homotopy invariance of homologies of digraphs and the relation between the fundamental group of the digraph and its first homology group. The category of (undirected) graphs can be identified by a natural way with a full subcategory of digraphs. Thus we obtain also consistent homology and homotopy theories for graphs. Note that the homotopy theory for graphs coincides wi…
Chas and Sullivan proved the existence of a Batalin-Vilkovisky algebra structure in the homology of free loop spaces on closed finite dimensional smooth manifolds using chains and chain homotopies. This algebraic structure involves an associative product called the loop product, a Lie bracket called the loop bracket, and a square 0 operator called the BV operator. Cohen and Jones gave a homotopy theoretic description of the loop product in terms of spectra. In this paper, we give an explicit homotopy theoretic description of the loop bracket and, using this description, we give a homological p…
We propose a simplified definition of Quillen's fibration sequences in a pointed model category that fully captures the theory, although it is completely independent of the concept of action. This advantage arises from the understanding that the homotopy theory of the model category's arrow category contains all homotopical information about its long fibration sequences.
We introduce a new homology theory of uniform spaces, provisionally called $μ$-homology theory. Our homology theory is based on hyperfinite chains of microsimplices. This idea is due to McCord. We prove that $μ$-homology theory satisfies the Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms. The characterization of chain-connectedness in terms of $μ$-homology is provided. We also introduce the notion of S-homotopy, which is weaker than uniform homotopy. We prove that $μ$-homology theory satisfies the S-homotopy axiom, and that every uniform space can be S-deformation retracted to a dense subset. It follows that for e…
The (co)homology self-closeness number of a simply-connected based CW-complexes $X$ is the minimal number $k$ such that any self-map $f$ of $X$ inducing an automorphism of the (co)homology groups for dimensions$\leq k$ is a self-homotopy equivalence. These two numbers are homotopy invariants and have a close relation with the group of self-homotopy equivalences. In this paper, we compare the (co)homology self-closeness numbers of spaces in certain cofibrations, define the mod $p$ (co)homology self-closeness number of simply-connected $p$-local spaces with finitely generated homologies and stud…
We provide a calculational method for rational stable equivariant homotopy theory for a torus G based on the homology of the Borel construction on fixed points. More precisely we define an abelian torsion model, A_t(G) of finite injective dimension, a homology theory \piAt_* taking values in A_t(G) based on the homology of the Borel construction, and a finite Adams spectral sequence Ext_{A_t(G)}^{*,*}(\piAt_*(X), \piAt_*(Y)) ==> [X,Y]^G_* for rational G-spectra X and Y.
We construct an example of a Peano continuum $X$ such that: (i) $X$ is a one-point compactification of a polyhedron; (ii) $X$ is weakly homotopy equivalent to a point (i.e. $π_n(X)$ is trivial for all $n \geq 0$); (iii) $X$ is noncontractible; and (iv) $X$ is homologically and cohomologically locally connected (i.e. $X$ is a $HLC$ and $clc$ space). We also prove that all classical homology groups (singular, Čech, and Borel-Moore), all classical cohomology groups (singular and Čech), and all finite-dimensional Hawaiian groups of $X$ are trivial.
We compute the 5-local cohomology of a 5-local analogue of the Weierstrass Hopf algebroid used to compute $tmf$ homology. We compute the Adams-Novikov differentials in the cohomology, giving the homotopy, V(0)-homology, and V(1)-homology of the putative spectrum $eo_4$. We also link this computation to the homotopy of the higher real $K$-theory spectrum $EO_4$.
In this paper, we study simplicial commutative algebras with finite André-Quillen homology. Here we restrict our focus to simplicial algebras having characteristic 2. Our aim is to find a generalization of results established by the author. Our goal is to replace the finiteness condition on homotopy with a weaker condition expressed in terms of nilpotency for the action of the homotopy operations. Coupled with the finiteness assumption on André-Quillen homology, this nilpotency condition provides a way to bound the height at which the homology vanishes. As a consequence, we establish a special…
We use covering space theory and the fundamental group of complements of complexified-real line arrangements to explore the associated Milnor fiber. This work yields a combinatorially determined upper bound on the rank of the first homology group of the Milnor fiber. Under certain combinatorial conditions, we then show that one may determine the exact rank of the group and show that it is torsion free.
In the paper we investigate the degree and the homotopy theory of Orlicz-Sobolev mappings $W^{1,P}(M,N)$ between manifolds, where the Young function $P$ satisfies a divergence condition and forms a slightly larger space than $W^{1,n}$, $n=\dim M$. In particular, we prove that if $M$ and $N$ are compact oriented manifolds without boundary and $\dim M=\dim N=n$, then the degree is well defined in $W^{1,P}(M,N)$ if and only if the universal cover of $N$ is not a rational homology sphere, and in the case $n=4$, if and only if $N$ is not homeomorphic to $S^4$.
In this paper we compute the homology of the braid groups, with coefficients in the module Z[q^+-1] given by the ring of Laurent polynomials with integer coefficients and where the action of the braid group is defined by mapping each generator of the standard presentation to multiplication by -q. The homology thus computed is isomorphic to the homology with constant coefficients of the Milnor fiber of the discriminantal singularity.
Linear upper bounds are provided for the size of the torsion homology of negatively curved manifolds of finite volume in all dimensions $d\ne 3$. This extends a classical theorem by Gromov. In dimension $3$, as opposed to the Betti numbers, the size of torsion homology is unbounded in terms of the volume. Moreover, there is a sequence of $3$-dimensional hyperbolic manifolds that converges to $\mathbb{H}^3$ in the Benjamini--Schramm topology while its normalized torsion in the first homology is dense in $[0,\infty]$. In dimension $d\geq 4$ a somewhat precise estimate is given for the number of …
We describe various path homology theories constructed for a directed hypergraph. We introduce the category of directed hypergraphs and the notion of a homotopy in this category. Also, we investigate the functoriality and the homotopy invariance of the introduced path homology groups. We provide examples of computation of these homology groups.
Motivated by prominent problems like the Hilali conjecture Yamaguchi--Yokura recently proposed certain estimates on the relations of the dimensions of rational homotopy and rational cohomology groups of fibre, base and total spaces in a fibration of rationally elliptic spaces. In this article we prove these estimates in the category of formal elliptic spaces and, in general, whenever the total space in addition has positive Euler characteristic or has the rational homotopy type of a homogeneous manifold (respectively of a known example) of positive sectional curvature. Additionally, we provide…
