We show that the best constants appearing in the weak type (1,1) inequalities satisfied by the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal function associated to some finite radial measures, such as the standard gaussian measure, grow exponentially fast with the dimension.
We study the problem concerning the variation of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal function in higher dimensions. As the main result, we prove that the variation of the non-centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal function of a radial function is comparable to the variation of the function itself.
We consider the maximal function of oscillatory integrals and prove a global estimate for radial test functions which is almost sharp with respect to the Sobolev regularity.
We show that the lowest constant appearing in the weak type (1,1) inequality satisfied by the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on radial integrable functions is 1.
We begin with an overview on square functions for spherical and Bochner-Riesz means which were introduced by Eli Stein, and discuss their implications for radial multipliers and associated maximal functions. We then prove new endpoint estimates for these square functions, for the maximal Bochner-Riesz operator, and for more general classes of radial Fourier multipliers.
We study the regularity properties of the centered fractional maximal function $M_β$. More precisely, we prove that the map $f \mapsto |\nabla M_βf|$ is bounded and continuous from $W^{1,1}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ to $L^q(\mathbb{R}^d)$ in the endpoint case $q=d/(d-β)$ if $f$ is radial function. For $d=1$, the radiality assumption can be removed. This corresponds to the counterparts of known results for the non-centered fractional maximal function. The main new idea consists in relating the centered and non-centered fractional maximal function at the derivative level.
We give a simple necessary and sufficient condition for maximal operators associated with radial Fourier multipliers to be bounded on $L^p_{rad}$ and $L^p$ for certain $p$ greater than $2$. The range of exponents obtained for the $L^p_{rad}$ characterization is optimal for the given condition. The $L^p$ characterization is derived from an inequality of Heo, Nazarov, and Seeger regarding a characterization of radial Fourier multipliers.
Lebesgue space estimates are obtained for the circular maximal function on the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^1$ restricted to a class of Heisenberg radial functions. Under this assumption, the problem reduces to studying a maximal operator on the Euclidean plane. This operator has a number of interesting features: it is associated to a non-smooth curve distribution and, furthermore, fails both the usual rotational curvature and cinematic curvature conditions.
In a recent article J. Aldaz proved that the weak L1 bounds for the centered maximal operator associated to finite radial measures cannot be taken independently with respect to the dimension. We show that at least for small p near to 1 the same result holds for the Lp bounds of such measures with decreasing densities. We also give some concrete examples, that include Gaussian measure, where better estimates with respect to the general case are obtained.
$L^p$ boundedness of the circular maximal function $\mathcal M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ on the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^1$ has received considerable attentions. While the problem still remains open, $L^p$ boundedness of $\mathcal M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ on Heisenberg radial functions was recently shown for $p>2$ by Beltran, Guo, Hickman, and Seeger [2]. In this paper we extend their result considering the local maximal operator $M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ which is defined by taking supremum over $1<t<2$. We prove $L^p-L^q$ estimates for $M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ on Heisenberg radial functions on the optimal range of $p,…
As shown in [A1], the lowest constants appearing in the weak type (1,1) inequalities satisfied by the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator associated to certain finite radial measures, grow exponentially fast with the dimension. Here we extend this result to a wider class of radial measures and to some values of p>1. Furthermore, we improve the previously known bounds for p=1. Roughly speaking, whenever p\in (1, 1.03], if μis defined by a radial, radially decreasing density satisfying some mild growth conditions, then the best constants c_{p,d,μ} in the weak type (p,p) inequalities satis…
We study a generalized spherical means operator, viz. generalized spherical mean Radon transform, acting on radial functions. As the main results, we find conditions for the associated maximal operator and its local variant to be bounded on power weighted Lebesgue spaces. This translates, in particular, into almost everywhere convergence to radial initial data results for solutions to certain Cauchy problems for classical Euler-Poisson-Darboux and wave equations. Moreover, our results shed some new light to the interesting and important question of optimality of the yet known $L^p$ boundedness…
In recent articles it was proved that when $μ$ is a finite, radial measure in $\real^n$ with a bounded, radially decreasing density, the $L^p(μ)$ norm of the associated maximal operator $M_μ$ grows to infinity with the dimension for a small range of values of $p$ near 1. We prove that when $μ$ is Lebesgue measure restricted to the unit ball and $p<2$, the $L^p$ operator norms of the maximal operator are unbounded in dimension, even when the action is restricted to radially decreasing functions. In spite of this, this maximal operator admits dimension-free $L^p$ bounds for every $p>2$, when res…
In this paper we study the regularity of the non-centered fractional maximal operator $M_β$. As the main result, we prove that there exists $C(n,β)$ such that if $q=n/(n-β)$ and $f$ is a radial function, then $\|DM_βf\|_{L^{q}(\mathbb{R}^n)}\leq C(n,β)\|Df\|_{L^{1}(\mathbb{R}^n)}$. The corresponding result was previously known only if $n=1$ or $β=0$. Our proofs are almost free from one-dimensional arguments. Therefore, we believe that the new approach may be very useful when trying to extend the result for all $f\in W^{1,1}(\mathbb{R}^n)$.
In this note we describe some recent advances in the area of maximal function inequalities. We also study the behaviour of the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator associated to certain families of doubling, radial decreasing measures, and acting on radial functions. In fact, we precisely determine when the weak type $(1,1)$ bounds are uniform in the dimension.
In this paper we study the regularity properties of certain maximal operators of convolution type at the endpoint $p=1$, when acting on radial data. In particular, for the heat flow maximal operator and the Poisson maximal operator, when the initial datum $u_0 \in W^{1,1}( \mathbb{R}^d)$ is a radial function, we show that the associated maximal function $u^*$ is weakly differentiable and $$\|\nabla u^*\|_{L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)} \lesssim_d \|\nabla u_0\|_{L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)}.$$ This establishes the analogue of a recent result of H. Luiro for the uncentered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator, now in a…
In the context of radial weights we study the dimension dependence of some weighted inequalities for maximal operators. We study the growth of the $A_1$-constants for radial weights and show the equivalence between the uniform boundedness of these constants, a dimension-free weak $L^1$ estimate for the maximal operator on annuli and the condition on the weight to be decreasing and essentially constant over dyadic annuli. Each one of these conditions is shown to provide dimension-free weighted weak type $L^1$ estimates for the centred maximal Hardy-Littlewood operator acting on radial functions…
We prove mixed inequalities for the generalized maximal operator $M_Φ$ when the function $v$ is a radial power function that fails to be locally integrable. Concretely, let $u$ be a weight, $v(x)=|x|^β$ with $β<-n$ and $r\geq 1$. If $Φ$ is a Young function with certain properties, then the inequality \[uv^r\left(\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}^n: \frac{M_Φ(fv)(x)}{v(x)}>t\right\}\right)\leq C\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}Φ\left(\frac{|f(x)|}{t}\right)v^r(x)Mu(x)\,dx\] holds for every $t>0$ and every bounded function. This improves a similar mixed estimate proved in \cite{BCP-M}. As an application, we give mixed es…
Let ${\mathcal X}$ be an RD-space with $μ({\mathcal X})=\infty$, which means that ${\mathcal X}$ is a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss and its measure has the reverse doubling property. In this paper, we characterize the atomic Hardy spaces $H^p_{\rm at}(\{\mathcal X})$ of Coifman and Weiss for $p\in(n/(n+1),1]$ via the radial maximal function, where $n$ is the "dimension" of ${\mathcal X}$, and the range of index $p$ is the best possible. This completely answers the question proposed by Ronald R. Coifman and Guido Weiss in 1977 in this setting, and improves on a dee…
In this paper, we introduce a criterion for maximal operators associated with Fourier multipliers to be bounded on $L^p(\mathbb{R}^d)$. Noteworthy examples satisfying the criterion are multipliers of the Mikhlin type or limited decay which are not necessarily radial. To do so, we make use of modified square function estimates and bilinear interpolation. In result, we obtain convergence results for fractional half-wave equations and surface averages as well as the $L^p$ boundedness for the maximal operators.
We prove nontangential and radial maximal function characterizations for Hardy spaces associated to a non-negative self-adjoint operator satisfying Gaussian estimates on a space of homogeneous type with finite measure. This not only addresses an open point in the literature, but also gives a complete answer to the question posed by Coifman and Weiss in the case of finite measure. We then apply our results to give maximal function characterizations for Hardy spaces associated to second order elliptic operators with Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions, Schrödinger operators with Dirichlet …
We study a.e. convergence on $L^p$, and Lorentz spaces $L^{p,q}$, $p>\tfrac{2d}{d-1}$, for variants of Riesz means at the critical index $d(\tfrac 12-\tfrac 1p)-\tfrac12$. We derive more general results for (quasi-)radial Fourier multipliers and associated maximal functions, acting on $L^2$ spaces with power weights, and their interpolation spaces. We also include a characterization of boundedness of such multiplier transformations on weighted $L^2$ spaces, and a sharp endpoint bound for Stein's square-function associated with the Riesz means.
We establish continuity mapping properties of the non-centered fractional maximal operator $M_β$ in the endpoint input space $W^{1,1}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ for $d \geq 2$ in the cases for which its boundedness is known. More precisely, we prove that for $q=d/(d-β)$ the map $f \mapsto |\nabla M_βf|$ is continuous from $W^{1,1}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ to $L^{q}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ for $ 0 < β< 1$ if $f$ is radial and for $1 \leq β< d$ for general $f$. The results for $1\leq β< d$ extend to the centered counterpart $M_β^c$. Moreover, if $d=1$, we show that the conjectured boundedness of that map for $M_β^c$ implies i…
We prove endpoint bounds for the square function associated with radial Fourier multipliers acting on $L^{p}$ radial functions. This is a consequence of endpoint bounds for a corresponding square function for Hankel multipliers. We obtain a sharp Marcinkiewicz-type multiplier theorem for multivariate Hankel multipliers and $L^p$ bounds of maximal operators generated by Hankel multipliers as corollaries. The proof is built on techniques developed by Garrigós and Seeger for characterizations of Hankel multipliers.
In this paper we introduce Stein's square function associated with bilinear Bochner-Riesz means and investigate its $L^p$ boundedness properties. Further, we discuss several applications of the square function in the context of bilinear multipliers. In particular, we obtain results for maximal function associated with generalised bilinear Bochner-Riesz means. This extends the results proved in~\cite{JS}. Another application concerns the $L^p$ estimates for bilinear fractional Schrödinger multipliers. Finally, we improve upon a result of Grafakos, He and Honzik~\cite{GHH} in the context of bili…
In this paper, we obtain the weighted boundedness for the local multi(sub)linear Hardy-Littlewood maximal operators and local multilinear fractional integral operators associated with the local Muckenhoupt weights on Gaussian measure spaces. We deal with these problems by introducing a new pointwise equivalent "radial" definitions of these local operators. Moreover using a similar approach, we also get the weighted boundedness for the local fractional maximal operators with rough kernel and local fractional integral operators with rough kernel on Gaussian measure spaces.
In this paper we address the $W^{1,1}$-continuity of several maximal operators at the gradient level. A key idea in our global strategy is the decomposition of a maximal operator, with the absence of strict local maxima in the disconnecting set, into "lateral" maximal operators with good monotonicity and convergence properties. This construction is inspired in the classical sunrise lemma in harmonic analysis. A model case for our sunrise strategy considers the uncentered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator $\widetilde{M}$ acting on $W^{1,1}_{\rm rad}(\mathbb{R}^d)$, the subspace of $W^{1,1}(\mat…
We study the Sobolev regularity on the sphere $\mathbb{S}^d$ of the uncentered fractional Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator $\widetilde{\mathcal{M}}_β$ at the endpoint $p=1$, when acting on polar data. We first prove that if $q=\frac{d}{d-β}$, $0<β<d$ and $f$ is a polar $W^{1,1}(\mathbb{S}^d)$ function, we have $$\|\nabla \widetilde{\mathcal{M}}_βf\|_q\lesssim_{d,β}\|\nabla f\|_1.$$ We then prove that the map $$f\mapsto \big | \nabla \widetilde{\mathcal{M}}_βf \big |$$ is continuous from $W^{1,1}(\mathbb{S}^d)$ to $L^q(\mathbb{S}^d)$ when restricted to polar data. Our methods allow us to give …
An RD-space ${\mathcal X}$ is a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss with the additional property that a reverse doubling condition holds in ${\mathcal X}$. Let $ρ$ be an admissible function on RD-space ${\mathcal X}$. The authors first introduce the localized spaces $\mathrm{BMO}_ρ({\mathcal X})$ and $\mathrm{BLO}_ρ({\mathcal X})$ and establish their basic properties, including the John-Nirenberg inequality for $\mathrm{BMO}_ρ({\mathcal X})$, several equivalent characterizations for $\mathrm{BLO}_ρ({\mathcal X})$, and some relations between these spaces. Then the author…
Let $\mathcal{X}$ be a metric space with doubling measure and $L$ a non-negative self-adjoint operator on $L^2(\mathcal{X})$ whose heat kernels satisfy the Gaussian upper bound estimates. Assume that the growth function $φ:\ \mathcal{X}\times[0,\infty) \to[0,\infty)$ satisfies that $φ(x,\cdot)$ is an Orlicz function and $φ(\cdot,t)\in {\mathbb A}_{\infty}(\mathcal{X})$ (the class of uniformly Muckenhoupt weights). Let $H_{φ,\,L}(\mathcal{X})$ be the Musielak-Orlicz-Hardy space defined via the Lusin area function associated with the heat semigroup of $L$. In this article, the authors characteri…
Suppose that $(X,d,μ)$ is a space of homogeneous type, with upper dimension $μ$, in the sense of R. R. Coifman and G. Weiss. Let $η$ be the Hölder regularity index of wavelets constructed by P. Auscher and T. Hytönen. In this article, the authors introduce the local Hardy space $h^{*,p}(X)$ via local grand maximal functions and also characterize $h^{*,p}(X)$ via local radial maximal functions, local non-tangential maximal functions, locally atoms and local Littlewood--Paley functions. Furthermore, the authors establish the relationship between the global and the local Hardy spaces. Finally, th…
In this paper, we develop via real variable methods various characterisations of the Hardy spaces in the multi-parameter flag setting. These characterisations include those via, the non-tangential and radial maximal function, the Littlewood--Paley square function and area integral, Riesz transforms and the atomic decomposition in the multi-parameter flag setting. The novel ingredients in this paper include (1) establishing appropriate discrete Calderón reproducing formulae in the flag setting and a version of the Plancherel--Pólya inequalities for flag quadratic forms; (2) introducing the maxi…
Let $λ>0$, $p\in((2\lz+1)/(2\lz+2), 1]$, and $\triangle_λ\equiv-\frac{d^2}{dx^2}-\frac{2λ}{x} \frac d{dx}$ be the Bessel operator. In this paper, the authors establish the characterizations of atomic Hardy spaces $H^p((0, \infty), dm_λ)$ associated with $\triangle_λ$ in terms of the radial maximal function, the nontangential maximal function, the grand maximal function, the Littlewood-Paley $g$-function and the Lusin-area function, where $dm_λ(x)\equiv x^{2λ}\,dx$. As an application, the authors further obtain the Riesz transform characterization of these Hardy spaces.
Let $p(\cdot):\ \mathbb R^n\to(0,1]$ be a variable exponent function satisfying the globally $\log$-Hölder continuous condition and $L$ a non-negative self-adjoint operator on $L^2(\mathbb R^n)$ whose heat kernels satisfying the Gaussian upper bound estimates. Let $H_L^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb R^n)$ be the variable exponent Hardy space defined via the Lusin area function associated with the heat kernels $\{e^{-t^2L}\}_{t\in (0,\infty)}$. In this article, the authors first establish the atomic characterization of $H_L^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb R^n)$; using this, the authors then obtain its non-tangential ma…
Let $(X,d,μ)$ be a space of homogeneous type, with the upper dimension $ω$, in the sense of R. R. Coifman and G. Weiss. Assume that $η$ is the smoothness index of the wavelets on $X$ constructed by P. Auscher and T. Hytönen. In this article, when $p\in(ω/(ω+η),1]$, for the atomic Hardy spaces $H_{\mathrm{cw}}^p(X)$ introduced by Coifman and Weiss, the authors establish their various real-variable characterizations, respectively, in terms of the grand maximal function, the radial maximal function, the non-tangential maximal functions, the various Littlewood-Paley functions and wavelet functions…
Let $p(\cdot):\ \mathbb R^n\to(0,\infty)$ be a variable exponent function satisfying the globally log-Hölder continuous condition. In this article, the authors first introduce the variable weak Hardy space on $\mathbb R^n$, $W\!H^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb R^n)$, via the radial grand maximal function, and then establish its radial or non-tangential maximal function characterizations. Moreover, the authors also obtain various equivalent characterizations of $W\!H^{p(\cdot)}(\mathbb R^n)$, respectively, by means of atoms, molecules, the Lusin area function, the Littlewood-Paley $g$-function or $g_λ^\ast…
Let $({\mathcal X},ρ,μ)$ be a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss, and $Y({\mathcal X})$ a ball quasi-Banach function space on ${\mathcal X}$, which supports a Fefferman--Stein vector-valued maximal inequality, and the boundedness of the powered Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator on its associate space. The authors first introduce the Hardy space $H_{Y}^*({\mathcal X})$, associated with $Y({\mathcal X})$, via the grand maximal function, and then establish its various real-variable characterizations, respectively, in terms of radial or non-tangential maximal functions, a…