As shown in [A1], the lowest constants appearing in the weak type (1,1) inequalities satisfied by the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator associated to certain finite radial measures, grow exponentially fast with the dimension. Here we extend this result to a wider class of radial measures and to some values of p>1. Furthermore, we improve the previously known bounds for p=1. Roughly speaking, whenever p\in (1, 1.03], if μis defined by a radial, radially decreasing density satisfying some mild growth conditions, then the best constants c_{p,d,μ} in the weak type (p,p) inequalities satisfy c_{p,d,μ} \ge 1.005^d for all d sufficiently large. We also show that exponential increase of the best constants occurs for certain families of doubling measures, and for arbitrarily high values of p.
[A1] Aldaz, J.M. Dimension dependency of the weak type (1,1) bounds for maximal functions associated to finite radial measures. Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 39 (2007) 203-208. Also available at the Mathematics ArXiv.
We study the problem concerning the variation of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal function in higher dimensions. As the main result, we prove that the variation of the non-centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal function of a radial function is comparable to the variation of the function itself.
We consider the maximal function of oscillatory integrals and prove a global estimate for radial test functions which is almost sharp with respect to the Sobolev regularity.
We show that the lowest constant appearing in the weak type (1,1) inequality satisfied by the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on radial integrable functions is 1.
We begin with an overview on square functions for spherical and Bochner-Riesz means which were introduced by Eli Stein, and discuss their implications for radial multipliers and associated maximal functions. We then prove new endpoint estimates for these square functions, for the maximal Bochner-Riesz operator, and for more general classes of radial Fourier multipliers.
We study the regularity properties of the centered fractional maximal function $M_β$. More precisely, we prove that the map $f \mapsto |\nabla M_βf|$ is bounded and continuous from $W^{1,1}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ to $L^q(\mathbb{R}^d)$ in the endpoint case $q=d/(d-β)$ if $f$ is radial function. For $d=1$, the radiality assumption can be removed. This corresponds to the counterparts of known results for the non-centered fractional maximal function. The main new idea consists in relating the centered and non-centered fractional maximal function at the derivative level.
We show that the best constants appearing in the weak type (1,1) inequalities satisfied by the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal function associated to some finite radial measures, such as the standard gaussian measure, grow exponentially fast with the dimension.
We give a simple necessary and sufficient condition for maximal operators associated with radial Fourier multipliers to be bounded on $L^p_{rad}$ and $L^p$ for certain $p$ greater than $2$. The range of exponents obtained for the $L^p_{rad}$ characterization is optimal for the given condition. The $L^p$ characterization is derived from an inequality of Heo, Nazarov, and Seeger regarding a characterization of radial Fourier multipliers.
Lebesgue space estimates are obtained for the circular maximal function on the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^1$ restricted to a class of Heisenberg radial functions. Under this assumption, the problem reduces to studying a maximal operator on the Euclidean plane. This operator has a number of interesting features: it is associated to a non-smooth curve distribution and, furthermore, fails both the usual rotational curvature and cinematic curvature conditions.
In a recent article J. Aldaz proved that the weak L1 bounds for the centered maximal operator associated to finite radial measures cannot be taken independently with respect to the dimension. We show that at least for small p near to 1 the same result holds for the Lp bounds of such measures with decreasing densities. We also give some concrete examples, that include Gaussian measure, where better estimates with respect to the general case are obtained.
$L^p$ boundedness of the circular maximal function $\mathcal M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ on the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^1$ has received considerable attentions. While the problem still remains open, $L^p$ boundedness of $\mathcal M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ on Heisenberg radial functions was recently shown for $p>2$ by Beltran, Guo, Hickman, and Seeger [2]. In this paper we extend their result considering the local maximal operator $M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ which is defined by taking supremum over $1<t<2$. We prove $L^p-L^q$ estimates for $M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ on Heisenberg radial functions on the optimal range of $p,…
We study a generalized spherical means operator, viz. generalized spherical mean Radon transform, acting on radial functions. As the main results, we find conditions for the associated maximal operator and its local variant to be bounded on power weighted Lebesgue spaces. This translates, in particular, into almost everywhere convergence to radial initial data results for solutions to certain Cauchy problems for classical Euler-Poisson-Darboux and wave equations. Moreover, our results shed some new light to the interesting and important question of optimality of the yet known $L^p$ boundedness…
In recent articles it was proved that when $μ$ is a finite, radial measure in $\real^n$ with a bounded, radially decreasing density, the $L^p(μ)$ norm of the associated maximal operator $M_μ$ grows to infinity with the dimension for a small range of values of $p$ near 1. We prove that when $μ$ is Lebesgue measure restricted to the unit ball and $p<2$, the $L^p$ operator norms of the maximal operator are unbounded in dimension, even when the action is restricted to radially decreasing functions. In spite of this, this maximal operator admits dimension-free $L^p$ bounds for every $p>2$, when res…
In this paper we study the regularity of the non-centered fractional maximal operator $M_β$. As the main result, we prove that there exists $C(n,β)$ such that if $q=n/(n-β)$ and $f$ is a radial function, then $\|DM_βf\|_{L^{q}(\mathbb{R}^n)}\leq C(n,β)\|Df\|_{L^{1}(\mathbb{R}^n)}$. The corresponding result was previously known only if $n=1$ or $β=0$. Our proofs are almost free from one-dimensional arguments. Therefore, we believe that the new approach may be very useful when trying to extend the result for all $f\in W^{1,1}(\mathbb{R}^n)$.
In this note we describe some recent advances in the area of maximal function inequalities. We also study the behaviour of the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator associated to certain families of doubling, radial decreasing measures, and acting on radial functions. In fact, we precisely determine when the weak type $(1,1)$ bounds are uniform in the dimension.
In this paper we study the regularity properties of certain maximal operators of convolution type at the endpoint $p=1$, when acting on radial data. In particular, for the heat flow maximal operator and the Poisson maximal operator, when the initial datum $u_0 \in W^{1,1}( \mathbb{R}^d)$ is a radial function, we show that the associated maximal function $u^*$ is weakly differentiable and $$\|\nabla u^*\|_{L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)} \lesssim_d \|\nabla u_0\|_{L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)}.$$ This establishes the analogue of a recent result of H. Luiro for the uncentered Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator, now in a…
In the context of radial weights we study the dimension dependence of some weighted inequalities for maximal operators. We study the growth of the $A_1$-constants for radial weights and show the equivalence between the uniform boundedness of these constants, a dimension-free weak $L^1$ estimate for the maximal operator on annuli and the condition on the weight to be decreasing and essentially constant over dyadic annuli. Each one of these conditions is shown to provide dimension-free weighted weak type $L^1$ estimates for the centred maximal Hardy-Littlewood operator acting on radial functions…
We estimate in Lp the maximal Riesz transform in terms of the Riesz transform itself for p greater than 1. In the limiting case p=1 the weak L1 inequality is shown to fail. Surprisingly, the weak L1 inequality for the maximal Beurling transform in terms of the Beurling transform does hold.
We prove necessary and sufficient conditions for the weak-$L^p$ boundedness, for $p \in (1,\infty)$, of a maximal operator on the infinite-dimensional torus. In the endpoint case $p=1$ we obtain the same weak-type inequality enjoyed by the strong maximal function in dimension two. Our results are quantitatively sharp.
In this article we study a special class of non-doubling metric measure spaces for which there is a significant difference between the incidence of weak and restricted weak type $(p,p)$ inequalities for the centered and non-centered Hardy--Littlewood maximal operators, $M^c$ and $M$. As a corollary we extend the result obtained in [2].
We prove mixed inequalities for the generalized maximal operator $M_Φ$ when the function $v$ is a radial power function that fails to be locally integrable. Concretely, let $u$ be a weight, $v(x)=|x|^β$ with $β<-n$ and $r\geq 1$. If $Φ$ is a Young function with certain properties, then the inequality \[uv^r\left(\left\{x\in\mathbb{R}^n: \frac{M_Φ(fv)(x)}{v(x)}>t\right\}\right)\leq C\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}Φ\left(\frac{|f(x)|}{t}\right)v^r(x)Mu(x)\,dx\] holds for every $t>0$ and every bounded function. This improves a similar mixed estimate proved in \cite{BCP-M}. As an application, we give mixed es…
By a reduction method, the limiting weak-type behaviors of factional maximal operators and fractional integrals are established without any smoothness assumption on the kernel, which essentially improve and extend previous results. As a byproduct, we characterize the boundedness of several operators by the membership of their kernel in Lebesgue space on sphere.
It is well known that the weak ($1,1$) bounds doesn't hold for the strong maximal operators, but it still enjoys certain weak $L\log L$ type norm inequality. Let $Φ_n(t)=t(1+(\log^+t)^{n-1})$ and the space $L_{Φ_n}({\mathbb R^{n}})$ be the set of all measurable functions on ${\mathbb R^{n}}$ such that $\|f\|_{L_{Φ_n}({\mathbb R^{n}})} :=\|Φ_n(|f|)\|_{L^1({\mathbb R^{n}})}<\infty$. In this paper, we introduce a new weak norm space $L_{Φ_n}^{1,\infty}({\mathbb R^{n}})$, which is more larger than $L^{1,\infty}({\mathbb R^{n}})$ space, and establish the correspondng limiting weak type behaviors of…
In this article we characterize all possible cases that may occur in the relations between the sets of $p$ for which weak type $(p,p)$ and strong type $(p,p)$ inequalities for the Hardy--Littlewood maximal operators, both centered and non-centered, hold in the context of general metric measure spaces.
Lacey and Thiele have recently obtained a new proof of Carleson's theorem on almost everywhere convergence of Fourier series. This paper is a generalization of their techniques (known broadly as time-frequency analysis) to higher dimensions. In particular, a weak-type (2,2) estimate is derived for a maximal dyadic sum operator on R^n, n > 1. As an application one obtains a new proof of Sjölin's theorem on weak L^2 estimates for the maximal conjugated Calderón-Zygmund operator on R^n.
Let ${\mathcal X}$ be an RD-space with $μ({\mathcal X})=\infty$, which means that ${\mathcal X}$ is a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss and its measure has the reverse doubling property. In this paper, we characterize the atomic Hardy spaces $H^p_{\rm at}(\{\mathcal X})$ of Coifman and Weiss for $p\in(n/(n+1),1]$ via the radial maximal function, where $n$ is the "dimension" of ${\mathcal X}$, and the range of index $p$ is the best possible. This completely answers the question proposed by Ronald R. Coifman and Guido Weiss in 1977 in this setting, and improves on a dee…
In this paper, we introduce a criterion for maximal operators associated with Fourier multipliers to be bounded on $L^p(\mathbb{R}^d)$. Noteworthy examples satisfying the criterion are multipliers of the Mikhlin type or limited decay which are not necessarily radial. To do so, we make use of modified square function estimates and bilinear interpolation. In result, we obtain convergence results for fractional half-wave equations and surface averages as well as the $L^p$ boundedness for the maximal operators.
In this paper it is shown that for $Ω\in L\log L(\mathbb{S}^{d-1})$, the rough maximal singular integral operator $T_Ω^*$ is of weak type $L\log\log L(\mathbb{R}^d)$. Furthermore, for $w\in A_1$ and $Ω\in L^\infty(\mathbb{S}^{d-1})$, it is shown that $T_Ω^*$ is of weak type $L\log\log L(w)$ with weight dependence $[w]_{A_1}[w]_{A_{\infty}}\log([w]_{A_{\infty}}+1),$ which is same as the best known constant for the singular integral $T_Ω$.
We discuss $(H_p,L_p)$ and $(H_p,\text{weak}-L_p)$ type inequalities of weighted maximal operators of $T$ means with respect to the Vilenkin systems with monotone coefficients, considered in \cite{tut4} and prove that these results are the best possible in a special sense. As applications, both some well-known and new results are pointed out.
The aim of this paper is to show that the discrete maximal function $$\mathcal{M}_{h}f(x)=\sup_{N\in\mathbb{N}}\frac{1}{|\mathbf{N}_{h}\cap[1, N]|}\Big|\sum_{n\in \mathbf{N}_{h}\cap[1, N]}f(x-n)\Big|,\ \ \mbox{for $x\in\mathbb{Z}$},$$ is of weak type $(1, 1)$, where $\mathbf{N}_{h}=\{n\in\mathbb{N}: \exists_{m\in\mathbb{N}}\ n=\lfloor h(m)\rfloor\}$ for an appropriate function $h$. As a consequence we also obtain pointwise ergodic theorem along the set $\mathbf{N}_{h}$.
Let $\mathcal{B}$ denote a nonempty translation invariant collection of intervals in $\mathbb{R}^n$ (which we regard as a rare basis), and define the associated geometric maximal operator $M_\mathcal{B}$ by $$M_\mathcal{B}f(x) = \sup_{x \in R \in \mathcal{B}} \frac{1}{|R|}\int_R |f|.$$ We provide a sufficient condition on $\mathcal{B}$ so that the estimate $$ |\{x \in \mathbb{R}^n : M_{\mathcal{B}}f(x) > α\}|\leq C_n \int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}} \frac{|f|}α\left(1+\log^+\frac{|f|}α\right)^{n-1} $$ is sharp. As a corollary we obtain sharp weak type estimates for maximal operators associated to several…
For any operator $T$ whose bilinear form can be dominated by a sparse bilinear form, we prove that $T$ is bounded as a map from $L^1(\widetilde{M}w)$ into weak--$L^1(w)$. Our main innovation is that $\widetilde{M}$ is a maximal function defined by directly using the local $A_\infty$ characteristic of the weight (rather than Orlicz norms). Prior results are due to Coifman\&Fefferman, Pérez, Hytönen\&Pérez, and Domingo-Salazar\&Lacey\&Rey. As we discuss, but do not prove, the maximal functions we use seem to be on the order of $M_{L({log log} L) ({log log log} L) ({log log log log} L)^{1+ε}}$.
We study mixed weak estimates of Sawyer type for maximal operators associated to the family of Young functions $Φ(t)=t^r(1+\log^+t)^δ$, where $r\geq 1$ and $δ\geq 0$. More precisely, if $u$ and $v^r$ are $A_1$ weights, and $w$ is defined as $w=1/Φ(v^{-1})$ then the following estimate \[uw\left(\left\{x\in \mathbb{R}^n: \frac{M_Φ(fv)(x)}{v(x)} > t\right\}\right) \leq C\int_{\mathbb{R}^n} Φ\left(\frac{|f(x)|v(x)}{t}\right)u(x) \,dx\] holds for every positive $t$. This extends mixed estimates to a wider class of maximal operators, since when we put $r=1$ and $δ=0$ we recover a previous result for…
We show that some singular maximal functions and singular Radon transforms satisfy a weak type $L\log\log L$ inequality. Examples include the maximal function and Hilbert transform associated to averages along a parabola. The weak type inequality yields pointwise convergence results for functions which are locally in $L\log\log L$.
Let $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^{n}$ be bounded a domain. We prove under certain structural assumptions that the fractional maximal operator relative to $Ω$ maps $L^{p}(Ω) \to W^{1,p}(Ω)$ for all $p > 1$, when the smoothness index $α\geq 1$. In particular, the results are valid in the range $p \in (1, n/(n-1)]$ that was previously unknown. As an application, we prove an endpoint regularity result in the domain setting.
We establish that the map $f\mapsto |\nabla \mathcal{M}_αf|$ is continuous from $W^{1,1}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ to $L^{q}(\mathbb{R}^d)$, where $α\in (0,d)$, $q=\frac{d}{d-α}$ and $\mathcal{M}_α$ denotes either the centered or non-centered fractional Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator. In particular, we cover the cases $d >1$ and $α\in (0,1)$ in full generality, for which results were only known for radial functions.
In this paper we prove that the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on Morrey spaces $\mathcal{M}_{1,λ}(\rn)$, $0 \le \la < n$ for radial, decreasing functions on $\rn$
This paper is devoted to the study of noncommutative maximal operators with rough kernels. More precisely, we prove the weak type $(1,1)$ boundedness for noncommutative maximal operators with rough kernels. The proof of weak type (1,1) estimate is based on the noncommutative Calderón-Zygmund decomposition. To deal with the rough kernel, we use the microlocal decomposition in the proofs of both the bad and good functions.
We prove nontangential and radial maximal function characterizations for Hardy spaces associated to a non-negative self-adjoint operator satisfying Gaussian estimates on a space of homogeneous type with finite measure. This not only addresses an open point in the literature, but also gives a complete answer to the question posed by Coifman and Weiss in the case of finite measure. We then apply our results to give maximal function characterizations for Hardy spaces associated to second order elliptic operators with Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions, Schrödinger operators with Dirichlet …
Let $M_d$ be the centered Hardy-Littlewood maximal function associated to cubes in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with Lebesgue measure, and let $c_d$ denote the lowest constant appearing in the weak type (1,1) inequality satisfied by $M_d$. We show that $c_d \to \infty$ as $d\to \infty$, thus answering, for the case of cubes, a long standing open question of E. M. Stein and J. O. Strömberg.
We study a.e. convergence on $L^p$, and Lorentz spaces $L^{p,q}$, $p>\tfrac{2d}{d-1}$, for variants of Riesz means at the critical index $d(\tfrac 12-\tfrac 1p)-\tfrac12$. We derive more general results for (quasi-)radial Fourier multipliers and associated maximal functions, acting on $L^2$ spaces with power weights, and their interpolation spaces. We also include a characterization of boundedness of such multiplier transformations on weighted $L^2$ spaces, and a sharp endpoint bound for Stein's square-function associated with the Riesz means.
In this paper, we explore the limiting weak-type behaviors of some integral operators including maximal operators, singular and fractional integral operators and maximal truncated singular integrals et al. Some optimal limiting weak-type behaviors are given, which essentially improve and extend the previous results in this topics.
We give a quantitative characterization of the pairs of weights $(w,v)$ for which the dyadic version of the one-sided Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator satisfies a restricted weak $(p,p)$ type inequality, for $1\leq p<\infty$. More precisely, given any measurable set $E_0$ the estimate \[w(\{x\in \mathbb{R}^n: M^{+,d}(\mathcal{X}_{E_0})(x)>t\})\leq \frac{C[(w,v)]_{A_p^{+,d}(\mathcal{R})}^p}{t^p}v(E_0)\] holds if and only if the pair $(w,v)$ belongs to $A_p^{+,d}(\mathcal{R})$, that is \[\frac{|E|}{|Q|}\leq [(w,v)]_{A_p^{+,d}(\mathcal{R})}\left(\frac{v(E)}{w(Q)}\right)^{1/p}\] for every dyadic …
For 1<p< \infty, weight w \in A_p, and any L ^2 -bounded Calderón-Zygmund operator T, we show that there is a constant C(T,P) so that we prove the sharp norm dependence on T_#, the maximal truncations of T, in both weak and strong type L^p(w) norms. Namely, for the weak type norm, T_# maps L^p(w) to weak-L^p(w) with norm at most \|w\|_{A_p}. And for the strong type norm, the norm estimate is \|w\|_{A_p}^{\max(1, (p-1) ^{-1})}. These estimates are not improvable in the power of \lVert w\rVert_{A_p}. Our argument follows the outlines of the arguments of Lacey-Petermichl-Reguera (Math.\ Ann.\ 201…
In this article we investigate a special class of non-doubling metric measure spaces in order to describe the possible configurations of $P_{k,\rm s}^{\rm c}$, $P_{k,\rm s}$, $P_{k,\rm w}^{\rm c}$ and $P_{k,\rm w}$, the sets of all $p \in [1, \infty]$ for which the weak and strong type $(p,p)$ inequalities hold for the centered and non-centered modified Hardy--Littlewood maximal operators, $M^{\rm c}_k$ and $M_k$, $k \geq 1$. For any fixed $k$ we describe the necessary conditions that $P_{k,\rm s}^{\rm c}$, $P_{k,\rm s}$, $P_{k,\rm w}^{\rm c}$ and $P_{k,\rm w}$ must satisfy in general and illu…
We prove the $L^p$ boundedness of a maximal operator associated with a dyadic frequency decomposition of a Fourier multiplier, under a weak regularity assumption.
