For any operator $T$ whose bilinear form can be dominated by a sparse bilinear form, we prove that $T$ is bounded as a map from $L^1(\widetilde{M}w)$ into weak--$L^1(w)$. Our main innovation is that $\widetilde{M}$ is a maximal function defined by directly using the local $A_\infty$ characteristic of the weight (rather than Orlicz norms). Prior results are due to Coifman\&Fefferman, Pérez, Hytönen\&Pérez, and Domingo-Salazar\&Lacey\&Rey. As we discuss, but do not prove, the maximal functions we use seem to be on the order of $M_{L({log log} L) ({log log log} L) ({log log log log} L)^{1+ε}}$.
We consider the Kato-Ponce type inequality for bilinear pseudo-differential operators with $S_{0,0}$-type symbols in the scale of Besov spaces. In particular, the borderline whether the boundedness of those operators holds or not is discussed.
We study the bilinear Hilbert transform and bilinear maximal functions associated to polynomial curves and obtain uniform $L^r$ estimates for $r>\frac{d-1}{d}$ and this index is sharp up to the end point.
We study the maximal estimates for the bilinear spherical average and the bilinear Bochner-Riesz operator. Firstly, we obtain $L^p\times L^q \to L^r$ estimates for the bilinear spherical maximal function on the optimal range. Thus, we settle the problem which was previously considered by Geba, Greenleaf, Iosevich, Palsson and Sawyer, later Barrionevo, Grafakos, D. He, Honzík and Oliveira, and recently Heo, Hong and Yang. Secondly, we consider $L^p\times L^q \to L^r$ estimates for the maximal bilinear Bochner-Riesz operators and improve the previous known results. For the purpose we draw a conn…
In this paper we introduce and study a bilinear spherical maximal function of product type in the spirit of bilinear Calderón-Zygmund theory. This operator is different from the bilinear spherical maximal function considered by Geba et al. We deal with lacunary and full versions of this operator, and we prove weighted estimates with respect to bilinear weights. Our approach involves sparse forms following ideas by Lacey, but we also use other techniques to handle the particular triplet $(2,2,1)$.
We prove that the bilinear maximal Bochner-Riesz operator $T_*^λ$ is bounded from $L^{p_1}(\mathbb R^n)\times L^{p_2}(\mathbb R^n)$ to $L^p(\mathbb R^n)$ for appropriate $(p_1,p_2,p)$ when $λ>(4n+3)/5$.
Results analogous to those proved by Rubio de Francia are obtained for a class of maximal functions formed by dilations of bilinear multiplier operators of limited decay. We focus our attention to $L^2\times L^2\to L^1$ estimates. We discuss two applications: the boundedness of the bilinear maximal Bochner-Riesz operator and of the bilinear spherical maximal operator. For the latter we improve the known results by reducing the dimension restriction from $n\ge 8$ to $n\ge 4$.
Lebesgue space bounds $L^{p_1}({\mathbb R}^1) \times L^{p_2}(^1) \to L^q({\mathbb R}^1)$ are established for certain maximal bilinear operators. The proof combines a trilinear smoothing inequality with Calderón-Zygmund theory. A reference to overlapping work of other authors on one observation has been added.
We obtain boundedness for the bilinear spherical maximal function in a range of exponents that includes the Banach triangle and a range of $L^p$ with $p<1$. We also obtain counterexamples that are asymptotically optimal with our positive results on certain indices as the dimension tends to infinity.
We establish improved and sharp $L^p$ estimates for the maximal bilinear Bochner-Riesz means in all dimensions $n\geq 1$. This work extends the results proved by Jeong and Lee \cite{JL}. We also recover the known results for the bilinear Bochner-Riesz means. The method of proof involves a new decomposition of the bilinear Bochner-Riesz multiplier $(1-|ξ|^2-|η|^2)_+^α$ and delicate analysis in proving $L^p$ estimates for frequency localized square functions.
We study $L^{p}\times L^{q}\rightarrow L^{r}$-boundedness of (sub)bilinear maximal functions associated with degenerate hypersurfaces. First, we obtain the maximal bound on the sharp range of exponents $p,q,r$ (except some border line cases) for the bilinear maximal functions given by the model surface $\big\{(y,z)\in\mathbb{R}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^{n}:|y|^{l_{1}}+|z|^{l_{2}}=1\big\}$, $(l_{1},l_{2})\in [1,\infty)^2$, $n\ge 2$. Our result manifests that nonvanishing Gaussian curvature is not good enough, in contrast with $L^p$-boundedness of the (sub)linear maximal operator associated to hyper…
We derive sparse bounds for the bilinear spherical maximal function in any dimension $d\geq 1$. When $d\geq 2$, this immediately recovers the sharp $L^p\times L^q\to L^r$ bound of the operator and implies quantitative weighted norm inequalities with respect to bilinear Muckenhoupt weights, which seems to be the first of their kind for the operator. The key innovation is a group of newly developed continuity $L^p$ improving estimates for the single scale bilinear spherical averaging operator.
Bilinear spherical maximal function with fractal dilations
National Center for Theoretical Sciences National Taiwan University（台湾大学国家理论科学中心）；Department of Mathematics National Taiwan University（台湾大学数学系）；Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal（印度博帕尔科学教育研究 institute 数学系）
We extend the theory of weighted norm inequalities on variable Lebesgue spaces to the case of bilinear operators. We introduce a bilinear version of the variable $\A_\pp$ condition, and show that it is necessary and sufficient for the bilinear maximal operator to satisfy a weighted norm inequality. Our work generalizes the linear results of the first author, Fiorenza and Neugebauer \cite{dcu-f-nPreprint2010} in the variable Lebesgue spaces and the bilinear results of Lerner {\em et al.} \cite{MR2483720} in the classical Lebesgue spaces. As an application we prove weighted norm inequalities for…
In this paper, we determine the $L^p(\mathbb{R})\times L^q(\mathbb{R})\rightarrow L^r(\mathbb{R})$ boundedness of the bilinear Hilbert transform $H_γ(f,g)$ along a convex curve $γ$ $$H_γ(f,g)(x):=\mathrm{p.\,v.}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}f(x-t)g(x-γ(t)) \,\frac{\textrm{d}t}{t},$$ where $p$, $q$, and $r$ satisfy $\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}=\frac{1}{r}$, and $r>\frac{1}{2}$, $p>1$, and $q>1$. Moreover, the same $L^p(\mathbb{R})\times L^q(\mathbb{R})\rightarrow L^r(\mathbb{R})$ boundedness property holds for the corresponding (sub)bilinear maximal function $M_γ(f,g)$ along a convex curve $γ$ $$M_γ(f,g)(…
We prove a bilinear Carleson embedding theorem with matrix weight and scalar measure. In the scalar case, this becomes exactly the well known weighted bilinear Carleson embedding theorem. Although only allowing scalar Carleson measures, it is to date the only extension to the bilinear setting of the recent Carleson embedding theorem by Culiuc and Treil that features a matrix Carleson measure and a matrix weight. It is well known that a Carleson embedding theorem implies a Doob's maximal inequality and this holds true in the matrix weighted setting with an appropriately defined maximal operator…
The bilinear maximal operator defined below maps $L^p\times L^q$ into $L^r$ provided $1<p,q<\zI$, $1/p+1/q=1/r$ and $2/3<r\le1$. $$ Mfg(x)=\sup_{t>0}\frac1{2t}\int_{-t}^t\abs{f(x+y)g(x-y)} dy.$$ In particular $Mfg$ is integrable\thinspace if $f$ and $g$ are square integrable, answering a conjecture posed by Alberto Calderón.
In this paper we introduce Stein's square function associated with bilinear Bochner-Riesz means and investigate its $L^p$ boundedness properties. Further, we discuss several applications of the square function in the context of bilinear multipliers. In particular, we obtain results for maximal function associated with generalised bilinear Bochner-Riesz means. This extends the results proved in~\cite{JS}. Another application concerns the $L^p$ estimates for bilinear fractional Schrödinger multipliers. Finally, we improve upon a result of Grafakos, He and Honzik~\cite{GHH} in the context of bili…
In this paper we prove several weighted estimates for bilinear fractional integral operators and their commutators with BMO functions. We also prove maximal function control theorem for these operators, that is, we prove the weighted $L^p$ norm is bounded by the weighted $L^p$ norm of a natural maximal operator when the weight belongs to $A_\infty$. As a corollary we are able to obtain new weighted estimates for the bilinear maximal function associated to the bilinear Hilbert transform.
Let $\mathcal{N}\mathcal{F}$ be the class of smooth non-flat curves near the origin and near infinity previously introduced by the second author and let $γ\in\mathcal{N}\mathcal{F}$. We show - via a unifying approach relative to the correspondent bilinear Hilbert transform $H_Γ$ - that the (sub)bilinear maximal function along curves $Γ=(t,-γ(t))$ defined as $$M_Γ(f,g)(x):=\sup\limits_{ε>0} \frac{1}{2ε} \int_{-ε}^ε |f(x-t)\,g(x+γ(t))|\,dt$$ is bounded from $L^p(\mathbb{R})\times L^{q}(\mathbb{R})\to L^r(\mathbb{R})$ for all $p, q$ and $r$ Hölder indices, that is $\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}=\frac{1…
This paper mainly dedicates to prove a plethora of weighted estimates on Morrey spaces for bilinear fractional integral operators and their general commutators with BMO functions of the form $$B_α(f,g)(x)=\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}\frac{f(x-y)g(x+y)}{|y|^{n-α}}dy,\qquad 0<α<n.$$ We also prove some maximal function control theorems for these operators, that is, the weighted Morrey norm is bounded by the weighted Morrey norm of a natural maximal operator when the weight belongs to $A_{\infty}$. As a corollary, some new weighted estimates for the bilinear maximal function associated to the bilinear Hi…
Let $T$ be a bilinear Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operator and $T_*$ be its corresponding truncated maximal operator. The commutators in the $i$-$th$ entry and the iterated commutators of $T_*$ are defined by $$ T_{\ast,b,1}(f,g)(x)=\sup_{δ>0}\bigg|\iint_{|x-y|+|x-z|>δ}K(x,y,z)(b(y)-b(x))f(y)g(z)dydz\bigg|, $$ $$T_{\ast,b,2}(f,g)(x)=\sup_{δ>0}\bigg|\iint_{|x-y|+|x-z|>δ}K(x,y,z)(b(z)-b(x))f(y)g(z)dydz\bigg|,$$ \begin{align*} T_{\ast,(b_1,b_2)}(f,g)(x)=\sup\limits_{δ>0}\bigg|\iint_{|x-y|+|x-z|>δ} K(x,y,z)(b_1(y)-b_1(x))(b_2(z)-b_2(x))f(y)g(z)dydz\bigg|. \end{align*} In this paper, the com…
We prove that the bilinear Hilbert transforms and maximal functions along certain general plane curves are bounded from $L^2(\mathbb{R})\times L^2(\mathbb{R})$ to $L^1(\mathbb{R})$.
Let $T$ be a bilinear Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operator and $T^*$ be its corresponding truncated maximal operator. For any $b\in\text{BMO}(\mathbb {R}^n)$ and $\vec{b}=(b_1,\ b_2)\in\text{BMO}(\mathbb {R}^n)\times\text {BMO}(\mathbb{R}^n)$, let $T^*_{b,j}$ (j=1,2), $T^*_{\vec{b}}\ $ be the commutators in the j-th entry and the iterated commutators of $T^*$, respectively. In this paper, for all $1<p_1,p_2<\infty$, $\frac{1}{p}=\frac{1}{p_1}+\frac{1}{p_2}$, we show that $T^*_{b,j}$ and $T^*_{\vec{b}}$ are compact operators from $L^{p_1}(w_1)\times L^{p_2}(w_2)$ to $L^p(v_{\vec{w}})$, i…
$L^p$ boundedness of the circular maximal function $\mathcal M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ on the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^1$ has received considerable attentions. While the problem still remains open, $L^p$ boundedness of $\mathcal M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ on Heisenberg radial functions was recently shown for $p>2$ by Beltran, Guo, Hickman, and Seeger [2]. In this paper we extend their result considering the local maximal operator $M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ which is defined by taking supremum over $1<t<2$. We prove $L^p-L^q$ estimates for $M_{\mathbb{H}^1}$ on Heisenberg radial functions on the optimal range of $p,…
In this paper we study maximal and square functions associated with bilinear Bochner-Riesz means at the critical index. In particular, we prove that they satisfy weighted estimates from $L^{p_1}(w_1)\times L^{p_2}(w_2)\rightarrow L^p(v_w)$ for bilinear weights $(w_1,w_2)\in A_{\vec{P}}$ where $p_1,p_2>1$ and $\frac{1}{p_1}+\frac{1}{p_2}=\frac{1}{p}$. Also, we show that both the operators fail to satisfy weak-type estimates at the end-point $(1,1,\frac{1}{2})$.
We prove that the bilinear Hilbert transform along two polynomials $B_{P,Q}(f,g)(x)=\int_{\mathbb{R}}f(x-P(t))g(x-Q(t))\frac{dt}{t}$ is bounded from $L^p \times L^q$ to $L^r$ for a large range of $(p,q,r)$, as long as the polynomials $P$ and $Q$ have distinct leading and trailing degrees. The same boundedness property holds for the corresponding bilinear maximal function $\mathcal{M}_{P,Q}(f,g)(x)=\sup_{ε>0}\frac{1}{2ε}\int_{-ε}^ε |f(x-P(t))g(x-Q(t))|dt$.
Let $Ω_1,Ω_2$ be functions of homogeneous of degree $0$ and $\vecΩ=(Ω_1,Ω_2)\in L\log L(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})\times L\log L(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})$. In this paper, we investigate the limiting weak-type behavior for bilinear maximal function $M_{\vecΩ}$ and bilinear singular integral $T_{\vecΩ}$ associated with rough kernel $\vecΩ$. For all $f,g\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^n)$, we show that $$\lim_{λ\to 0^+}λ|\big\{ x\in\mathbb{R}^n:M_{\vecΩ}(f_1,f_2)(x)>λ\big\}|^2 = \frac{\|Ω_1Ω_2\|_{L^{1/2}(\mathbb{S}^{n-1})}}{ω_{n-1}^2}\prod\limits_{i=1}^2\| f_i\|_{L^1}$$ and $$\lim_{λ\to 0^+}λ|\big\{ x\in\mathbb{R}^n:| T_{\ve…
We prove L2 x L2 to weak L1 estimates for some novel bilinear maximal operators of Kakeya and lacunary type thus extending to this setting, the works of Cordoba and of Nagel, Stein and Wainger.
In this paper, the behavior for commutators of a class of bilinear singular integral operator associated with non-smooth kernels on the products of weighted Lebesgue spaces is considered. By some new maximal functions to control the commutators of bilinear singular integral operators and CMO functions, compactness of the commutators is proved.
In this paper, we establish some bilinear endpoint estimates of Calderón commutator $\mathcal{C}[\nabla A,f](x)$ with a homogeneous kernel when $Ω\in L\log^+L(\mathbf{S}^{d-1})$. More precisely, we prove that $\mathcal{C}[\nabla A,f]$ maps $L^q(\mathbb{R}^d)\times L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)$ to $L^{r,\infty}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ if $q>d$ which improves previous result essentially. If $q=d$, we show that Calderón commutator maps $L^{d,1}(\mathbb{R}^d)\times L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)$ to $L^{r,\infty}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ which is new even if the kernel is smooth. The novelty in the paper is that we prove a new endpoint est…
We study the regularity of the bilinear maximal operator when applied to Sobolev functions, proving that it maps $W^{1,p}(\mathbb{R}) \times W^{1,q}(\mathbb{R}) \to W^{1,r}(\mathbb{R})$ with $1 <p,q < \infty$ and $r\geq 1$, boundedly and continuously. The same result holds on $\mathbb{R}^n$ when $r>1$. We also investigate the almost everywhere and weak convergence under the action of the classical Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator, both in its global and local versions.
In this paper, we improve a recent result by Li and Peng on products of functions in $H_L^1(\bR^d)$ and $BMO_L(\bR^d)$, where $L=-Δ+V$ is a Schrödinger operator with $V$ satisfying an appropriate reverse Hölder inequality. More precisely, we prove that such products may be written as the sum of two continuous bilinear operators, one from $H_L^1(\bR^d)\times BMO_L(\bR^d) $ into $L^1(\bR^d)$, the other one from $H^1_L(\bR^d)\times BMO_L(\bR^d) $ into $H^{\log}(\bR^d)$, where the space $H^{\log}(\bR^d)$ is the set of distributions $f$ whose grand maximal function $\mathfrak Mf$ satisfies $$\int_{…
Let $(X,\mathcal{B}, μ, T)$ be an ergodic dynamical system on a non-atomic finite measure space. Consider the maximal function $\dis R^*:(f, g) \in L^1\times L^1 \to R^*(f, g)(x) = \sup_{n} \frac{f(T^nx)g(T^{2n}x)}{n}.$ We show that there exist $f$ and $g$ such that $R^*(f, g)(x)$ is not finite almost everywhere. Two consequences are derived. The bilinear Hardy--Littlewood maximal function fails to be a.e. finite for all functions $(f, g)\in L^1\times L^1.$ The Furstenberg averages do not converge for all pairs of $(L^{1},L^{1})$ functions, while by a result of J. Bourgain these averages conve…
We define a discrete version of the bilinear spherical maximal function, and show bilinear $l^{p}(\mathbb{Z}^d)\times l^{q}(\mathbb{Z}^d) \to l^{r}(\mathbb{Z}^d)$ bounds for $d \geq 3$, $\frac{1}{p} + \frac{1}{q} \geq \frac{1}{r}$, $r>\frac{d}{d-2}$ and $p,q\geq 1$. Due to interpolation, the key estimate is an $l^{p}(\mathbb{Z}^d)\times l^{\infty}(\mathbb{Z}^d) \to l^{p}(\mathbb{Z}^d)$ bound, which holds when $d \geq 3$, $p>\frac{d}{d-2}$. A key feature of our argument is the use of the circle method which allows us to decouple the dimension from the number of functions compared to the work of…
We prove $L^p$ estimates for the Walsh model of the maximal bi-Carleson operator (which is a hybrid of the bilinear Hilbert transform and the Carleson maximal operator which appears naturally in the eigenfunction problem for one-dimensional Schrodinger operators). The corresponding estimates for the Fourier model will be obtained in the sequel of this paper.
We prove a sparse bound for the $m$-sublinear form associated to vector-valued maximal functions of Fefferman-Stein type. As a consequence, we show that the sparse bounds of multisublinear operators are preserved via $\ell^r$-valued extension. This observation is in turn used to deduce vector-valued, multilinear weighted norm inequalities for multisublinear operators obeying sparse bounds, which are out of reach for the extrapolation theory recently developed by Cruz-Uribe and Martell. As an example, vector-valued multilinear weighted inequalities for bilinear Hilbert transforms are deduced fr…
We consider divergence form elliptic operators $L=-\dv A(x)\nabla$, defined in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}=\{(x,t)\in\mathbb{R}^{n}\times\mathbb{R}\}, n \geq 2$, where the $L^{\infty}$ coefficient matrix $A$ is $(n+1)\times(n+1)$, uniformly elliptic, complex and $t$-independent. Using recently obtained results concerning the boundedness and invertibility of layer potentials associated to such operators, we show that if $Lu=0$ in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}_+$, then for any vector-valued ${\bf v} \in W^{1,2}_{loc},$ we have the bilinear estimate $$|\iint_{\mathbb{R}^{n+1}_+} \nabla u \cdot \bar{\bf v} dx dt |\leq …
Let $v,~ω_1, ~ω_2$ be weights and $1<p_1, ~p_2<\infty.$ Suppose that $\frac{1}{p}=\frac{1}{p_1}+\frac{1}{p_2}$ and $(ω_1, ω_2)\in RH(p_1, p_2).$ For the multisublinear maximal operator $\mathfrak{M}$ in martingale spaces, we characterize the weights for which $\mathfrak{M}$ is bounded from $L^{p_1}(ω_1)\times L^{p_2}(ω_2)$ to $L^{p,\infty}(v)\hbox{or}L^p(v).$ If $v=ω_2^{\frac{p}{p_2}}ω_2^{\frac{p}{p_2}},$ we partially give the bilinear version of one-weight theory.
We obtain mixed $A_p$--$A_\infty$ estimates for a large family of multilinear maximal and sparse operators. Operators from this family are known to control for instance multilinear Calderón--Zygmund operators, square functions, fractional integrals, and the bilinear Hilbert transform. Our results feature a new multilinear version of the Fujii--Wilson $A_\infty$ characteristic that allows us to recover the best known estimates in terms of the $A_p$ characteristic for dependent weights as a special case of the mixed characteristic estimates for general tuples of weights.
We obtain a sharp $L^2\times L^2 \to L^1$ boundedness criterion for a class of bilinear operators associated with a multiplier given by a signed sum of dyadic dilations of a given function, in terms of the $L^q$ integrability of this function; precisely we show that boundedness holds if and only if $q<4$. We discuss applications of this result concerning bilinear rough singular integrals and bilinear dyadic spherical maximal functions. Our second result is an optimal $L^2\times L^2\to L^1$ boundedness criterion for bilinear operators associated with multipliers with $L^\infty$ derivatives. Thi…
For any dynamical system, we show that higher variation-norms for the sequence of ergodic bilinear averages of two functions satisfy a large range of bilinear Lp estimates. It follows that, with probability one, the number of fluctuations along this sequence may grow at most polynomially with respect to (the growth of) the underlying scale. These results strengthen previous works of Lacey and Bourgain where almost surely convergence of the sequence was proved (which is equivalent to the qualitative statement that the number of fluctuations is finite at each scale). Via transference, the proof …
