Non-linear residually finite groups

A non-residually finite group acting uniformly properly on a hyperbolic space

In this article we produce an example of a non-residually finite group which admits a uniformly proper action on a Gromov hyperbolic space.

Residually Finite Tubular Groups

A tubular group $G$ is a finite graph of groups with $\mathbb{Z}^2$ vertex groups and $\mathbb{Z}$ edge groups. We characterize residually finite tubular groups: $G$ is residually finite if and only if its edge groups are separable. Methods are provided to determine if $G$ is residually finite. When $G$ has a single vertex group an algorithm is given to determine residual finiteness.

非线性、可解、剩余 $p$ 群

Non-linear, solvable, residually $p$ groups

本文构造了有限生成非线性可解剩余2群的第一个例子，填补了从剩余有限群到剩余p群这一研究方向的空白。

Isomorphism problem for finitely generated fully residually free groups

We prove that the isomorphism problem for finitely generated fully residually free groups is decidable. We also show that each finitely generated fully residually free group G has a decomposition that is invariant under automorphisms of G, and obtain a structure theorem for the group of outer automorphisms Out(G).

Multilinear commutators in residually finite groups

Let w be a multilinear commutator and n a positive integer. Suppose that G is a residually finite group in which every product of at most 896 w-values has order dividing n. Then the verbal subgroup w(G) is locally finite.

On the outer automorphism groups of finitely generated, residually finite groups

Bumagin-Wise posed the question of whether every countable group can be realised as the outer automorphism group of a finitely generated, residually finite group. We give a partial answer to this problem for recursively presentable groups.

An Endomorphism of a Finitely Generated Residually Finite Group

Let $ϕ:G\rightarrow G$ be an endomorphism of a finitely generated residually finite group. R.~Hirshon asked if there exists~$n$ such that the restriction of $ϕ$ to $ϕ^n(G)$ is injective. We give an example to show that this is not always the case.

Obstruction to a Higman embedding theorem for residually finite groups with solvable word problem

We prove that, for a finitely generated residually finite group, having solvable word problem is not a sufficient condition to be a subgroup of a finitely presented residually finite group. The obstruction is given by a residually finite group with solvable word problem for which there is no effective method that allows, given some non-identity element, to find a morphism onto a finite group in which this element has a non-trivial image. We also prove that the depth function of this group grows faster than any recursive function.

Residually finite non linear hyperbolic groups

We exhibit the first examples of residually finite non-linear Gromov hyperbolic groups. Our examples are constructed as amalgamated products of torsion-free cocompact lattices in the rank 1 Lie group $\mathrm{Sp}(d,1)$, $d\geq 2$ along maximal cyclic subgroups.

余有限群但不虚拟具有唯一乘积性质

Residually finite groups that do not virtually have the unique product property

本文构造了一个余有限但不虚拟具有唯一乘积性质的有限生成群，通过展示每个有限指数子群包含同构于Promislow群的子群来证明其结论。

Finitely presented residually free groups

We establish a general criterion for the finite presentability of subdirect products of groups and use this to characterize finitely presented residually free groups. We prove that, for all $n\in\mathbb{N}$, a residually free group is of type ${\rm{FP}}_n$ if and only if it is of type ${\rm{F}}_n$. New families of subdirect products of free groups are constructed, including the first examples of finitely presented subgroups that are neither ${\rm{FP}}_\infty$ nor of Stallings-Bieri type. The template for these examples leads to a more constructive characterization of finitely presented residua…

Continuously Many Quasi-isometry Classes of Residually Finite Groups

We study a family of finitely generated residually finite small cancellation groups. These groups are quotients of $F_2$ depending on a subset $S$ of positive integers. Varying $S$ yields continuously many groups up to quasi-isometry.

Finite index subgroups of fully residually free groups

Using graph-theoretic techniques for f.g. subgroups of $F^{\mathbb{Z}[t]}$ we provide a criterion for a f.g. subgroup of a f.g. fully residually free group to be of finite index. Moreover, we show that this criterion can be checked effectively. Also we obtain an analogue of Greenberg-Stallings Theorem for f.g. fully residually free groups, and prove that a f.g. non-abelian subgroup of a f.g. fully residually free group is of finite index in its commensurator.

On residually finite groups satisfying an Engel type identity

Let $ n, q $ be positive integers. We show that if $ G $ is a finitely generated residually finite group satisfying the identity $ [x,_ny^q]\equiv 1, $ then there exists a function $ f(n) $ such that $ G $ has a nilpotent subgroup of finite index of class at most $ f(n) $. We also extend this result to locally graded groups.

剩余有限恰无限群的渐近不变量

Asymptotic invariants of residually finite just infinite groups

本文研究了剩余有限恰无限群的渐近不变量，证明了有限生成剩余-$p$恰无限群的第一$L^2$-Betti数平凡，且有限生成剩余有限恰无限群的正规同调秩梯度消失。

一个非剩余有限的C2-tilde格

A C2-tilde-lattice that is not residually finite

本研究构造了不可约欧氏建筑上首个非剩余有限的C2-tilde格，推测正规子群定理可推广至该格使其几乎单。

On equationally Noetherian and residually finite groups

The aim of this paper is to compare and contrast the class of residually finite groups with the class of equationally Noetherian groups - groups over which every system of coefficient-free equations is equivalent to a finite subsystem. It is easy to construct groups that are residually finite but not equationally Noetherian (e.g. the direct sum of all finite groups) or vice versa (e.g. the additive group $(\mathbb{Q},+)$ of the rationals). However, no explicit examples that are finitely generated seem to appear in the literature. In this paper, we show that among finitely generated groups, the…

剩余自由群中的子群共轭可分性

Subgroup Conjugacy Separability in Residually Free Groups

本文研究剩余自由群的子群共轭性质，证明有限展示情形具有子群共轭可分性，$FP_\infty$ 型还具可辨识性，并推出其外自同构群剩余有限。

Words of Engel type are concise in residually finite groups. Part II

Given a group-word w and a group G, the verbal subgroup w(G) is the one generated by all w-values in G. The word w is called concise if w(G) is finite whenever the set of w-values in G is finite. It is an open question whether every word is concise in residually finite groups. Let w=w(x_1,..,x_k) be a multilinear commutator word, n a positive integer and q a prime power. In the present article we show that the word [w^q,_n y] is concise in residually finite groups while the word [w,_n y] is boundedly concise in residually finite groups.

Subgroup separability in residually free groups

We prove that the finitely presentable subgroups of residually free groups are separable and that the subgroups of type $\mathrm{FP}_\infty$ are virtual retracts. We describe a uniform solution to the membership problem for finitely presentable subgroups of residually free groups.

将剩余有限群实现为分支群的子群

Realizing residually finite groups as subgroups of branch groups

本文证明任意有限生成剩余有限群均可嵌入保持挠性、可顺从性等性质的有限生成完全分支群，并据此构造有限生成不可顺从挠分支群。

Words of Engel type are concise in residually finite groups

Given a group-word w and a group G, the verbal subgroup w(G) is the one generated by all w-values in G. The word w is said to be concise if w(G) is finite whenever the set of w-values in G is finite. In the sixties P. Hall asked whether every word is concise but later Ivanov answered this question in the negative. On the other hand, Hall's question remains wide open in the class of residually finite groups. In the present article we show that various generalizations of the Engel word are concise in residually finite groups.

Right orderable residually finite p-groups and a Kourovka notebook problem

A. H. Rhemtulla proved that if a group is a residually finite p-group for infinitely many primes p, then it is two-sided orderable. In problem 10.30 of the Kourovka notebook 14th. edition, N. Ya. Medvedev asked if there is a non-right-orderable group which is a residually finite p-group for at least two different primes p. Using a result of Dave Witte, we will show that many subgroups of finite index in GL_3(Z) give examples of such groups. On the other hand we will show that no such example can exist among solvable by finite groups.

如果存在非剩余有限双曲群，则存在非剩余有限刚性双曲群

If there is a non-residually finite hyperbolic group, then there is a non-residually finite rigid hyperbolic group

该研究证明，一旦存在非剩余有限双曲群，便可构造出同样非剩余有限的刚性双曲群，从而将问题归结到刚性情形。

On residually finite groups with Engel-like conditions

Let $m,n$ be positive integers. Suppose that $G$ is a residually finite group in which for every element $x \in G$ there exists a positive integer $q=q(x) \leqslant m$ such that $x^q$ is $n$-Engel. We show that $G$ is locally virtually nilpotent. Further, let $w$ be a multilinear commutator and $G$ a residually finite group in which for every product of at most $896$ $w$-values $x$ there exists a positive integer $q=q(x)$ dividing $m$ such that $x^q$ is $n$-Engel. Then $w(G)$ is locally virtually nilpotent.

Bounded Engel elements in residually finite groups

Let $q$ be a prime. Let $G$ be a residually finite group satisfying an identity. Suppose that for every $x \in G$ there exists a $q$-power $m=m(x)$ such that the element $x^m$ is a bounded Engel element. We prove that $G$ is locally virtually nilpotent. Further, let $d,n$ be positive integers and $w$ a non-commutator word. Assume that $G$ is a $d$-generator residually finite group in which all $w$-values are $n$-Engel. We show that the verbal subgroup $w(G)$ has $\{d,n,w\}$-bounded nilpotency class.

The nilpotent genus of finitely generated residually nilpotent groups

If $G$ and $H$ are finitely generated residually nilpotent groups, then $G$ and $H$ are in the same nilpotent genus if they have the same lower central quotients (up to isomorphism). A stronger condition is that $H$ is para-$G$ if there exists a monomorphism of $G$ into $H$ which induces isomorphisms between the corresponding quotients of their lower central series. We first consider residually nilpotent groups and find sufficient conditions on the monomorphism so that $H$ is para-$G.$ We then prove that for certain polycyclic groups, if $H$ is para-$G$, then $G$ and $H$ have the same Hirsch l…

On words that are concise in residually finite groups

A group-word w is called concise if whenever the set of w-values in a group G is finite it always follows that the verbal subgroup w(G) is finite. More generally, a word w is said to be concise in a class of groups X if whenever the set of w-values is finite for a group $G\in X$, it always follows that w(G) is finite. P. Hall asked whether every word is concise. Due to Ivanov the answer to this problem is known to be negative. Dan Segal asked whether every word is concise in the class of residually finite groups. In this direction we prove that if w is a multilinear commutator and q is a prime…

On a family of representations of residually finite groups

For a residually finite group $G$, its normal subgroups $G\supset G_1\supset G_2\cdots$ with $\cap_{n\in\mathbb N}G_n=\{e\}$ and for a growth function $γ$ we construct a unitary representation $π_γ$ of $G$. For the minimal growth, $π_γ$ is weakly equivalent to the regular representation, and for the maximal growth it is weakly equivalent to the direct sum of the quasiregular representations on the quotients $G/G_n$. In the case of intermediate growth we show two examples of different behaviour of $π_γ$.

Detecting ends of residually finite groups in profinite completions

Let $\C$ be a variety of finite groups. We use profinite Bass--Serre theory to show that if $u:H\hookrightarrow G$ is a map of finitely generated residually $\C$ groups such that the induced map $\hat{u}:\hat{H}\rightarrow\hat{G}$ is a surjection of the pro-$\C$ completions, and $G$ has more than one end, then $H$ has the same number of ends as $G$. However if $G$ has one end the number of ends of $H$ may be larger; we observe cases where this occurs for $\C$ the class of finite $p$-groups. We produce a monomorphism of groups $u:H\hookrightarrow G$ such that: either $G$ is hyperbolic but not r…

Link quandles are residually finite

Residual finiteness is known to be an important property of groups appearing in combinatorial group theory and low dimensional topology. In a recent work [2] residual finiteness of quandles was introduced, and it was proved that free quandles and knot quandles are residually finite. In this paper, we extend these results and prove that free products of residually finite quandles are residually finite provided their associated groups are residually finite. As associated groups of link quandles are link groups, which are known to be residually finite, it follows that link quandles are residually…

非剩余有限的$\tilde{C}_2$-格

Non-residually finite $\tilde{C}_2$-lattices

该研究构造了不可约建筑上非剩余有限格的首批例子，含性质(T)的简单CAT(0)-群等，还分类了$\tilde{A}_2$型厚度3建筑的保型顶点正则格并发现新算术格。

The non-abelian tensor square of residually finite groups

Let $m,n$ be positive integers and $p$ a prime. We denote by $ν(G)$ an extension of the non-abelian tensor square $G \otimes G$ by $G \times G$. We prove that if $G$ is a residually finite group satisfying some non-trivial identity $f \equiv~1$ and for every $x,y \in G$ there exists a $p$-power $q=q(x,y)$ such that $[x,y^φ]^q = 1$, then the derived subgroup $ν(G)'$ is locally finite (Theorem A). Moreover, we show that if $G$ is a residually finite group in which for every $x,y \in G$ there exists a $p$-power $q=q(x,y)$ dividing $p^m$ such that $[x,y^φ]^q$ is left $n$-Engel, then the non-abelia…

剩余有限与投射quandle的自同态幺半群与自同构群

Endomorphism monoid and automorphism group of residually finite and profinite quandles

该研究探讨剩余有限与投射quandle，证明有限生成及一大类剩余有限quandle的自同态幺半群、自同构群为剩余有限，给出投射quandle拓扑刻画并建立其自同态幺半群与自同构群为投射的充要条件。

关于余有限群等距作用的有限局部近似

On finite local approximations of isometric actions of residually finite groups

本文研究了余有限群等距作用的有限局部近似，并证明其可嵌入到有限等距作用的度量超积中。

Approximating the first $L^2$-betti number of residually finite groups

We show that the first $L^2$-betti number of a finitely generated residually finite group can be estimated from below by using ordinary first betti numbers of finite index normal subgroups. As an application we construct a finitely generated infinite residually finite torsion group with positive first $L^2$-betti number.

Separability properties of automorphisms of graph products of groups

We study properties of automorphisms of graph products of groups. We show that graph product $Γ\mathcal{G}$ has non-trivial pointwise inner automorphisms if and only if some vertex group corresponding to a central vertex has non-trivial pointwise inner automorphisms. We use this result to study residual finiteness of $\mathop{Out}(Γ\mathcal{G})$. We show that if all vertex groups are finitely generated residually finite and the vertex groups corresponding to central vertices satisfy certain technical (yet natural) condition, then $\mathop{Out}(Γ\mathcal{G})$ is residually finite. Finally, we g…

On fully residually-$\mathcal{R}$ groups

We consider the class $\mathcal{R}$ of finitely generated toral relatively hyperbolic groups. We show that groups from $\mathcal{R}$ are commutative transitive and generalize a theorem proved by Benjamin Baumslag to this class. We also discuss two definitions of (fully) residually-$\mathcal{C}$ groups and prove the equivalence of the two definitions for $\mathcal{C}=\mathcal{R}$. This is a generalization of the similar result obtained by Ol'shanskii for $\mathcal{C}$ being the class of torsion-free hyperbolic groups. Let $Γ\in\mathcal{R}$ be non-abelian and non-elementary. We prove that every …

Effective embedding of residually hyperbolic groups into direct products of extensions of centralizers

For any torsion-free hyperbolic group $Γ$ and any group $G$ that is fully residually $Γ$, we construct algorithmically a finite collection of homomorphisms from $G$ to groups obtained from $Γ$ by extensions of centralizers, at least one of which is injective. When $G$ is residually $Γ$, this gives a effective embedding of $G$ into a direct product of such groups. We also give an algorithmic construction of a diagram encoding the set of homomorphisms from a given finitely presented group to $Γ$.

Residually finite non-exact groups

We construct the first examples of residually finite non-exact groups. The construction is based on author's earlier construction of groups containing isometrically expanders using a graphical small cancellation.

关于分裂自同构的Kegel定理的剩余有限类比

A residually finite analogue of Kegel's theorem on splitting automorphisms

本文证明，若周期剩余有限群G具有素数阶分裂自同构，则G是幂零群且幂零类由p界定，从而对剩余有限群肯定了Sozutov问题。

Finitely generated groups with polynomial index growth

We prove that a finitely generated soluble residually finite group has polynomial index growth if and only if it is a minimax group. We also show that if a finitely generated group with PIG is residually finite-soluble then it is a linear group. These results apply in particular to boundedly generated groups; they imply that every infinite BG residually finite group has an infinite linear quotient.

3-manifold groups are virtually residually p

Given a prime $p$, a group is called residually $p$ if the intersection of its $p$-power index normal subgroups is trivial. A group is called virtually residually $p$ if it has a finite index subgroup which is residually $p$. It is well-known that finitely generated linear groups over fields of characteristic zero are virtually residually $p$ for all but finitely many $p$. In particular, fundamental groups of hyperbolic 3-manifolds are virtually residually $p$. It is also well-known that fundamental groups of 3-manifolds are residually finite. In this paper we prove a common generalization of …

An Uncountable Family of Finitely Generated Residually Finite Groups

We study a family of finitely generated residually finite groups. These groups are doubles $F_2*_H F_2$ of a rank-$2$ free group $F_2$ along an infinitely generated subgroup $H$. Varying $H$ yields uncountably many groups up to isomorphism.

Compressed words and automorphisms in fully residually free groups

We show that the compressed word problem in a finitely-generated fully residually free group (F -group) is decidable in polynomial time, and use the result to show that the word problem in the automorphism group of such a group is decidable in polynomial time.

关于次直积的有限表示与剩余自由群的性质

On the finite presentation of subdirect products and the nature of residually free groups

本文建立了VSP判据用于判断群次直积的有限可表示性，并借此刻画了有限可表示的剩余自由群，解决了其子群的共轭与成员问题，还构造了非FP无穷且非Stallings-Bieri型的有限可表示子群新实例。

Baumslag-Solitar relations in abstract commensurators of free groups

Any non-residually finite Baumslag-Solitar group has a non-residually finite image in the abstract commensuration of a nonabelian free group. This gives a new proof (avoiding Britton's Lemma) of the classification of residually finite Baumslag-Solitar groups.

Almost all one-relator groups with at least three generators are residually finite

We prove that with probability tending to 1, a 1-relator group with at least 3 generators and relator of length n is residually finite, virtually residually (finite p)-group for all sufficiently large p, and coherent. The proof uses both combinatorial group theory and non-trivial results about Brownian motions, bridges and excursions in R^k.

Computing equations for residually free groups

We show that there is no algorithm deciding whether the maximal residually free quotient of a given finitely presented group is finitely presentable or not. Given a finitely generated subgroup G of a finite product of limit groups, we discuss the possibility of finding an explicit set of defining equations (i.e. of expressing G as the maximal residually free quotient of an explicit finitely presented group).

关于边群为循环群的自由群图的剩余有限性

On residual finiteness of graphs of free groups with cyclic edge groups

本研究刻画了边群为循环群的自由群有限图对应的群的剩余有限性，给出等价判定条件并通过构造有限标记图将其转化为图的易检测性质，证明了Wise的相关猜想。

The regular and profinite representations of residually finite groups

Let $G$ be a residually finite group. To any decreasing sequence $\mathcal S = (H_n)_n $ of finite index subgroups of $G$ is associated a unitary representation $ρ_{\mathcal S}$ of $G$ in the Hilbert space $\bigoplus_{n=0}^{+\infty} \ell^2 (G/H_n) $. This paper investigates the following question: when does the representation $ρ_{\mathcal S} $ weakly contain the regular representation $λ$ of $G$?

关于某些Artin群、可构造可解群、广义Baumslag-Solitar群及$SL_n(\Z)$的非交换外平方的剩余有限性

On the residual finiteness of the non-abelian exterior square of some Artin groups, constructible soluble groups, generalised Baumslag-Solitar groups and $SL_n(\Z)$

本文证明多种群类（偶数Artin群、RAAG、极限群、Coxeter群、可解群、广义Baumslag-Solitar群及$SL_n(\Z)$等）的非交换外平方的剩余有限性，并建立上同调与同调良性的等价性。

The isomorphism problem for profinite completions of residually finite groups

We consider pairs of finitely presented, residually finite groups $u:P\hookrightarrow Γ$. We prove that there is no algorithm that, given an arbitrary such pair, can determine whether or not the associated map of profinite completions $\hat{u}: \widehat{P} \to \widehatΓ$ is an isomorphism. Nor do there exist algorithms that can decide whether $\hat{u}$ is surjective, or whether $\widehat{P}$ is isomorphic to $\widehatΓ$.

A non-LEA Sofic Group

We describe elementary examples of finitely presented sofic groups which are not residually amenable (and thus not initially subamenable or LEA, for short). We ask if an amalgam of two amenable groups over a finite subgroup is residually amenable and answer this positively for some special cases, including countable locally finite groups, residually nilpotent groups and others.