We introduce a new category C, which we call the cluster category, obtained as a quotient of the bounded derived category D of the module category of a finite-dimensional hereditary algebra H over a field. We show that, in the simply-laced Dynkin case, C can be regarded as a natural model for the combinatorics of the corresponding Fomin-Zelevinsky cluster algebra. In this model, the tilting modules correspond to the clusters of Fomin-Zelevinsky. Using approximation theory, we investigate the tilting theory of C, showing that it is more regular than that of the module category itself, and demonstrating an interesting link with the classification of self-injective algebras of finite representation type. This investigation also enables us to conjecture a generalisation of APR-tilting.
Given a triangulated 2-Calabi-Yau category C and a cluster-tilting subcategory T, the index of an object X of C is a certain element of the Grothendieck group of the additive category T. In this note, we show that a rigid object of C is determined by its index, that the indices of the indecomposables of a cluster-tilting subcategory T' form a basis of the Grothendieck group of T and that, if T and T' are related by a mutation, then the indices with respect to T and T' are related by a certain piecewise linear transformation introduced by Fomin and Zelevinsky in their study of cluster algebras …
We study the cluster combinatorics of $d-$cluster tilting objects in $d-$cluster categories. By using mutations of maximal rigid objects in $d-$cluster categories which are defined similarly for $d-$cluster tilting objects, we prove the equivalences between $d-$cluster tilting objects, maximal rigid objects and complete rigid objects. Using the chain of $d+1$ triangles of $d-$cluster tilting objects in [IY], we prove that any almost complete $d-$cluster tilting object has exactly $d+1$ complements, compute the extension groups between these complements, and study the middle terms of these $d+1…
In this note, we consider the $d$-cluster-tilted algebras, the endomorphism algebras of $d$-cluster-tilting objects in $d$-cluster categories. We show that a tilting module over such an algebra lifts to a $d$-cluster-tilting object in this $d$-cluster category.
Higher Auslander algebras were introduced by Iyama generalizing classical concepts from representation theory of finite dimensional algebras. Recently these higher analogues of classical representation theory have been increasingly studied. Cyclic polytopes are classical objects of study in convex geometry. In particular, their triangulations have been studied with a view towards generalizing the rich combinatorial structure of triangulations of polygons. In this paper, we demonstrate a connection between these two seemingly unrelated subjects. We study triangulations of even-dimensional cycli…
We study 2-term tilting complexes of Brauer tree algebras in terms of simplicial complexes. We show the symmetry and convexity of the simplicial complexes as lattice polytopes. Via a geometric interpretation of derived equivalences, we show that the $f$-vector of simplicial complexes of Brauer tree algebras only depends the number of the edges of the Brauer trees and hence it is a derived invariant. In particular, this result implies that the number of 2-term tilting complexes, which is in bijection with support $τ$-tilting modules, is a derived invariant. Moreover, we apply our result to the …
Using only the combinatorics of its defining ribbon graph, we classify the two-term tilting complexes, as well as their indecomposable summands, of a Brauer graph algebra. As an application, we determine precisely the class of Brauer graph algebras which are tilting-discrete.
In this paper, we show that the tilting modules over a cluster-tilted algebra $A$ lift to tilting objects in the associated cluster category $\mathcal{C}_H$. As a first application, we describe the induced exchange relation for tilting $A$-modules arising from the exchange relation for tilting object in $\mathcal{C}_H$. As a second application, we exhibit tilting $A$-modules having cluster-tilted endomorphism algebras.
Assume that $\D$ is a Krull-Schmidt, Hom-finite triangulated category with a Serre functor and a cluster-tilting object $T$. We introduce the notion of relative cluster tilting objects, and $T[1]$-cluster tilting objects in $\D$, which are a generalization of cluster-tilting objects. When $\D$ is $2$-Calabi-Yau, the relative cluster tilting objects are cluster-tilting. Let $\la={\rm End}^{op}_{\D}(T)$ be the opposite algebra of the endomorphism algebra of $T$. We show that there exists a bijection between $T[1]$-cluster tilting objects in $\D$ and support $τ$-tilting $\la$-modules, which gener…
We show that a tilting module over the endomorphism algebra of a cluster-tilting object in a 2-Calabi-Yau triangulated category lifts to a cluster-tilting object in this 2-Calabi-Yau triangulated category. This generalizes a recent work of D. Smith for cluster categories.
Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a connected hereditary abelian category with tilting objects. It is proved that the cluster-tilting graph associated with $\mathcal{H}$ is always connected. As a consequence, we establish the connectedness of the tilting graph for the category $\operatorname{coh}\mathbb{X}$ of coherent sheaves over a weighted projective line $\mathbb{X}$ of wild type. The connectedness of tilting graphs for such categories was conjectured by Happel-Unger, which has immediately applications in cluster algebras. For instance, we deduce that there is a bijection between the set of indecomposa…
We consider maximal non-$l$-intertwining collections, which are a higher-dimensional version of the maximal non-crossing collections which give clusters of Plücker coordinates in the Grassmannian coordinate ring, as described by Scott. We extend a method of Scott for producing such collections, which are related to tensor products of higher Auslander algebras of type $A$. We show that a higher preprojective algebra of the tensor product of two $d$-representation-finite algebras has a $d$-precluster-tilting subcategory. Finally we relate mutations of these collections to a form of tilting for t…
For $A$ a gentle algebra, and $X$ and $Y$ string modules, we construct a combinatorial basis for Hom($X,τY$). We use this to describe support $τ$-tilting modules for $A$. We give a combinatorial realization of maps in both directions realizing the bijection between support $τ$-tilting modules and functorially finite torsion classes. We give an explicit basis of Ext$^1(Y,X)$ as short exact sequences. We analyze several constructions given in a more restricted, combinatorial setting by McConville, showing that many but not all of them can be extended to general gentle algebras.
In this paper, we study the relationship between equivalences of noncommutative projective schemes and cluster tilting modules. In particular, we prove the following result. Let $A$ be an AS-Gorenstein algebra of dimension $d\geq 2$ and ${\mathsf{tails}\,} A$ the noncommutative projective scheme associated to $A$. If $\operatorname{gldim}({\mathsf{tails}\,} A)< \infty$ and $A$ has a $(d-1)$-cluster tilting module $X$ satisfying that its graded endomorphism algebra is $\mathbb N$-graded, then the graded endomorphism algebra $B$ of a basic $(d-1)$-cluster tilting submodule of $X$ is a two-sided …
From the viewpoint of higher homological algebra, we introduce pure semisimple $n$-abelian category, which is analogs of pure semisimple abelian category. Let $Λ$ be an Artin algebra and $\mathcal{M}$ be an $n$-cluster tilting subcategory of $Mod$-$Λ$. We show that $\mathcal{M}$ is pure semisimple if and only if each module in $\mathcal{M}$ is a direct sum of finitely generated modules. Let $\mathfrak{m}$ be an $n$-cluster tilting subcategory of $mod$-$Λ$. We show that $Add(\mathfrak{m})$ is an $n$-cluster tilting subcategory of $Mod$-$Λ$ if and only if $\mathfrak{m}$ has an additive generator…
We study cluster tilting modules in mesh algebras of Dynkin type, providing a new proof for their existence. In all but one case, we show that these are precisely the maximal rigid modules, and that they are equivariant for a certain automorphism. We further study their mutation, providing an example of mutation in an abelian category which is not stably 2-Calabi-Yau, and explicitly describe the combinatorics.
Using cluster tilting theory, we investigate tilting objects in the stable category of vector bundles on a weighted projective line of weight type $(2, 2, 2, 2)$. More precisely, a tilting object consisting of rank-two bundles is constructed via cluster tilting mutation. Moreover, the cluster tilting approach also provides a new method to classify the endomorphism algebras of tilting objects in the category of coherent sheaves and the associated bounded derived category.
Let $\C$ be a triangulated category with a cluster tilting subcategory $\T$. We introduce the notion of $\T[1]$-cluster tilting subcategories (also called ghost cluster tilting subcategories) of $\C$, which are a generalization of cluster tilting subcategories. We first develop a basic theory on ghost cluster tilting subcategories. Secondly, we study links between ghost cluster tilting theory and $τ$-tilting theory: Inspired by the work of Iyama, Jørgensen and Yang \cite{ijy}, we introduce the notion of $τ$-tilting subcategories and tilting subcategories of $\mod\T$. We show that there exists …
Let $\mathcal{C}$ be a triangulated category with shift functor $[1]$ and $\mathcal{R}$ a rigid subcategory of $\mathcal{C}$. We introduce the notions of two-term $\mathcal{R}[1]$-rigid subcategories, two-term (weak) $\mathcal{R}[1]$-cluster tilting subcategories and two-term maximal $\mathcal{R}[1]$-rigid subcategories, and discuss relationship between them. Our main result shows that there exists a bijection between the set of two-term $\mathcal{R}[1]$-rigid subcategories of $\mathcal{C}$ and the set of $τ$-rigid subcategories of $\mod\mathcal{R}$, which induces a one-to-one correspondence b…
We study the relation between simple-minded systems and two-term tilting complexes for self-injective Nakayama algebras. More precisely, we show that any simple-minded system of a self-injective Nakayama algebra is the image of the set of simple modules under a stable equivalence, which is given by the restriction of a standard derived equivalence induced by a two-term tilting complex. We achieve this by exploiting and connecting the mutation theories from the combinatorics of Brauer tree, configurations of stable translations quivers of type A, and triangulations of a punctured convex regular…
This paper shows a new phenomenon in higher cluster tilting theory. For each positive integer d, we exhibit a triangulated category C with the following properties. On the one hand, the d-cluster tilting subcategories of C have very simple mutation behaviour: Each indecomposable object has exactly d mutations. On the other hand, the weakly d-cluster tilting subcategories of C which lack functorial finiteness can have much more complicated mutation behaviour: For each 0 <= \ell <= d-1, we show a weakly d-cluster tilting subcategory T_{\ell} which has an indecomposable object with precisely \ell…
We prove that mutation of cluster-tilting objects in triangulated 2-Calabi-Yau categories is closely connected with mutation of quivers with potentials. This gives a close connection between 2-CY-tilted algebras and Jacobian algebras associated with quivers with potentials. We show that cluster-tilted algebras are Jacobian and also that they are determined by their quivers. There are similar results when dealing with tilting modules over 3-CY algebras. The nearly Morita equivalence for 2-CY-tilted algebras is shown to hold for the finite length modules over Jacobian algebras.
Tilting theory in cluster categories of hereditary algebras has been developed in [BMRRT] and [BMR]. These results are generalized to cluster categories of hereditary abelian categories. Furthermore, for any tilting object $T$ in a hereditary abelian category $\mathcal{H}$, we verify that the tilting functor Hom$_\mathcal{H}(T,-)$ induces a triangle equivalence from the cluster category $\mathcal{C(H)}$ to the cluster category $\mathcal{C}(A)$, where $A$ is the quasi-tilted algebra End$_{\mathcal{H}}T.$ Under the condition that one of derived categories of hereditary abelian categories $\mathc…
We give a characterization of $n$-cluster tilting subcategories of representation-directed algebras based on the $n$-Auslander-Reiten translations. As an application we classify acyclic Nakayama algebras with homogeneous relations which admit an $n$-cluster tilting subcategory. Finally, we classify Nakayama algebras of global dimension $d<\infty$ which admit a $d$-cluster tilting subcategory.
Let D be a triangulated category with a cluster tilting subcategory U. The quotient category D/U is abelian; suppose that it has finite global dimension. We show that projection from D to D/U sends cluster tilting subcategories of D to support tilting subcategories of D/U, and that, in turn, support tilting subcategories of D/U can be lifted uniquely to maximal 1-orthogonal subcategories of D.
In this study, we consider the positive cluster complex, a full subcomplex of a cluster complex the vertices of which are all non-initial cluster variables. In particular, we provide a formula for the difference in face vectors of positive cluster complexes caused by a mutation for finite type. Moreover, we explicitly describe specific positive cluster complexes of finite type and calculate their face vectors. We also provide a method to compute the face vector of an arbitrary positive cluster complex of finite type using these results. Furthermore, we apply our results to the $τ$-tilting theo…
We study higher cluster tilting objects in generalized higher cluster categories arising from dg algebras of higher Calabi-Yau dimension. Taking advantage of silting mutations of Aihara-Iyama, we obtain a class of $m$-cluster tilting objects in generalized $m$-cluster categories. For generalized $m$-cluster categories arising from strongly ($m+2$)-Calabi-Yau dg algebras, by using truncations of minimal cofibrant resolutions of simple modules, we prove that each almost complete $m$-cluster tilting $P$-object has exactly $m+1$ complements with periodicity property. This leads us to the conjectur…
We give a combinatorial classification of cluster tilting subcategories and torsion pairs in Igusa--Todorov cluster categories of Dynkin type $A_{ \infty }$.
Let T be a locally finite triangulated category with an autoequivalence F such that the orbit category T/F is triangulated. We show that if X is an m-cluster tilting subcategory, then the image of X in T/F is an m-cluster tilting subcategory if and only if X is F-perodic. We show that for path-algebras of Dynking quivers δone may study the periodic properties of n-cluster tilting objects in the n-cluster category Cn(kδ) to obtain information on periodicity of the preimage as n-cluster tilting subcategories of Db(kδ). Finally we classify the periodic properties of all 2-cluster tilting objects …
$n\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategories are an ideal setting for higher dimensional Auslander-Reiten theory. We give a complete classification of $n\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategories of module categories of Nakayama algebras. In particular, we show that there are three kinds of Nakayama algebras that admit $n\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategories: finite global dimension, selfinjective and non-Iwanaga-Gorenstein. Only the selfinjective ones can admit more than one $n\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategory. It has been shown by the second author, that each such $n\mathbb{Z}$-clust…
We present a graded mutation rule for quivers of cluster-tilted algebras. Furthermore, we give a technique to recover a cluster-tilting object from its graded quiver in the cluster category of coh $\mathbb{X}$.
Let $Λ$ be an artin algebra. In this paper, the notion of $n\mathbb{Z}$-Gorenstein cluster tilting subcategories will be introduced. It is shown that every $n\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategory of ${\rm{mod}}{\mbox{-}}Λ$ is $n\mathbb{Z}$-Gorenstein if and only if $Λ$ is an Iwanaga-Gorenstein algebra. Moreover, it will be shown that an $n\mathbb{Z}$-Gorenstein cluster tilting subcategory of ${\rm{mod}}{\mbox{-}}Λ$ is an $n\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategory of the exact category ${\rm{Gprj}}{\mbox{-}}Λ$, the subcategory of all Gorenstein projective objects of ${\rm{mod}}{\mbox{-}}Λ$. So…
We give an example of a finite-dimensional algebra with a 2-cluster tilting module and a simple module which has infinite complexity. This answers a question of Erdmann and Holm.
Let $A$ be a finite dimensional hereditary algebra over an algebraically closed field $k$, $A^{(m)}$ be the $m$-replicated algebra of $A$ and $\mathscr{C}_{m}(A)$ be the $m$-cluster category of $ A$. We investigate properties of complements to a faithful almost complete tilting $A^{(m)}$-module and prove that the $m$-cluster mutation in $\mathscr{C}_{m}(A)$ can be realized in ${\rm mod} A^{(m)}$, which generalizes corresponding results on duplicated algebras established in [Z1].
We give a characterization of radical square zero bound quiver algebras $\mathbf{k} Q/\mathcal{J}^2$ that admit $n$-cluster tilting subcategories and $n\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategories in terms of $Q$. We also show that if $Q$ is not of cyclically oriented extended Dynkin type $\tilde{A}$, then the poset of $n$-cluster tilting subcategories of $\mathbf{k} Q/\mathcal{J}^2$ with relation given by inclusion forms a lattice isomorphic to the opposite of the lattice of divisors of an integer which depends on $Q$.
Non-singular weighted surface algebras satisfy the necessary condition found in [6] for existence of cluster tilting modules. We show that any such algebra whose Gabriel quiver is bipartite, has a module satisfying the necessary ext vanishing condition. We show that it is 3-cluster tilting precisely for the non-singular triangular or spherical algebras but not for any other weighted surface algebra with bipartite Gabriel quiver.
We relate the notions of BB-tilting and perverse derived equivalence at a vertex. Based on these notions, we define mutations of algebras, leading to derived equivalent ones. We present applications to endomorphism algebras of cluster-tilting objects in 2-Calabi-Yau categories and to algebras of global dimension at most 2.
We study the stable category of the factor algebra of the preprojective algebra associated with an element $w$ of the Coxeter group of a quiver. We show that there exists a silting object $M(\bf{w})$ of this category associated with each reduced expression $\bf{w}$ of $w$ and give a sufficient condition on $\bf{w}$ such that $M(\bf{w})$ is a tilting object. In particular, the stable category is triangle equivalent to the derived category of the endomorphism algebra of $M(\bf{w})$. Moreover, we compare it with a triangle equivalence given by Amiot-Reiten-Todorov for a cluster category.
We give an introduction to the theory of cluster categories and cluster tilted algebras. We include some background on the theory of cluster algebras, and discuss the interplay with cluster categories and cluster tilted algebras.
We study and classify faithfully balanced modules for the algebra of lower triangular $n$ by $n$ matrices. The theory extends known results about tilting modules, which are classified by binary trees, and counted with the Catalan numbers. The number of faithfully balanced modules is a $2$-factorial number. Among them are $n!$ modules with $n$ indecomposable summands, which can be classified by interleaved binary trees or by increasing binary trees.
This is an appendix to the Handbook of Tilting Theory, edited by Angeleri-Huegel, Happel and Krause, to be published soon. Part 1 of the appendix provides an outline of the core of tilting theory. Part 2 is devoted to topics where tilting modules and tilted algebras have shown to be relevant. Both Parts 1 and 2 contain historical annodations and reminiscences. The final Part 3 is a short report on some striking recent developments which are motivated by the cluster theory of Fomin and Zelevinsky. In particular, we will guide the reader to the basic properties of cluster tilted algebras, to the…
Let $G=SL(2,5)$ be the special linear group of $2 \times 2$-matrices with coefficients in the field with $5$ elements. We show that the principal block over a splitting field $K$ of characteristic two of the group algebra $KG$ has a $3$-cluster tilting module. This gives the first example of a representation-infinite block of a group algebra having a cluster tilting module and answers a question by Erdmann and Holm.
For an exact category $\mathcal{E}$ with enough projectives and with a $d\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategory, we show that the singularity category of $\mathcal{E}$ admits a $d\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategory. To do this we introduce cluster tilting subcategories of left triangulated categories, and we show that there is a correspondence between cluster tilting subcategories of $\mathcal{E}$ and $\underline{\mathcal{E}}$. We also deduce that the Gorenstein projectives of $\mathcal{E}$ admit a $d\mathbb{Z}$-cluster tilting subcategory under some assumptions. Finally, we compute the $…
We study the relationship between $n$-cluster tilting modules over $n$ representation finite algebras and the Euler forms. We show that the dimension vectors of cluster-indecomposable modules give the roots of the Euler form. Moreover, we show that cluster-indecomposable modules are uniquely determined by their dimension vectors. This is a generalization of Gabriel's theorem by cluster tilting theory. We call the above roots cluster-roots and investigate their properties. Furthermore, we provide the description of quivers with relations of $n$-APR tilts. Using this, we provide a generalization…
We prove the existence of an $m$-cluster tilting object in a generalized $m$-cluster category which is $(m+1)$-Calabi-Yau and Hom-finite, arising from an $(m+2)$-Calabi-Yau dg algebra. This is a generalization of the result for the ${m = 1}$ case in Amiot's Ph.~D.~thesis. Our results apply in particular to higher cluster categories associated to suitable finite-dimensional algebras of finite global dimension, and higher cluster categories associated to Ginzburg dg categories coming from suitable graded quivers with superpotential.
The aim of this paper is to introduce tau-tilting theory, which completes (classical) tilting theory from the viewpoint of mutation. It is well-known in tilting theory that an almost complete tilting module for any finite dimensional algebra over a field k is a direct summand of exactly 1 or 2 tilting modules. An important property in cluster tilting theory is that an almost complete cluster-tilting object in a 2-CY triangulated category is a direct summand of exactly 2 cluster-tilting objects. Reformulated for path algebras kQ, this says that an almost complete support tilting modules has exa…
For a triangulated category T, if C is a cluster-tilting subcategory of T, then the quotient category T\C is an abelian category. Under certain conditions, the converse also holds. This is an very important result of cluster-tilting theory, due to Koenig-Zhu and Beligiannis. Now let B be a suitable extriangulated category, which is a simultaneous generalization of triangulated categories and exact categories. We introduce the notion of pre-cluster tilting subcategory C of B, which is a generalization of cluster tilting subcategory. We show that C is cluster tilting if and only if B/C is abelia…
We shall show that the stable categories of graded Cohen-Macaulay modules over quotient singularities have tilting objects. In particular, these categories are triangle equivalent to derived categories of finite dimensional algebras. Our method is based on higher dimensional Auslander-Reiten theory, which gives cluster tilting objects in the stable categories of (ungraded) Cohen-Macaulay modules.
In this paper we investigate the endomorphism algebras of standard cluster tilting objects in the stably 2-Calabi-Yau categories $\Sub{Λ_w}$ with elements $w$ in Coxeter groups in \cite{BIRSc}. They are examples of the 2-Auslander algebras introduced in \cite{I1}. Generalizing work in \cite{GLS1} we show that they are quasihereditary, even strongly quasihereditary in the sense of \cite{R}. We also describe the cluster tilting object giving rise to the Ringel dual, and prove that there is a duality between $\Sub{Λ_w}$ and the category $\mathcal{F}(Δ)$ of good modules over the quasihereditary al…
Let $Λ$ be an artin algebra and $\mathcal{M}$ be an n-cluster tilting subcategory of mod$Λ$. We show that $\mathcal{M}$ has an additive generator if and only if the n-almost split sequences form a basis for the relations for the Grothendieck group of $\mathcal{M}$ if and only if every effaceable functor $\mathcal{M}\rightarrow Ab$ has finite length. As a consequence we show that if mod$Λ$ has n-cluster tilting subcategory of finite type then the n-almost split sequences form a basis for the relations for the Grothendieck group of $Λ$.
We present a new way to construct $n$-cluster tilting subcategories of abelian categories. Our method takes as input a direct system of abelian categories $\mathcal{A}_i$ with certain subcategories and, under reasonable conditions, outputs an $n$-cluster tilting subcategory of an admissible target $\mathcal{A}$ of the direct system. We apply this general method to a direct system of module categories $\text{mod}Λ_i$ of representation-directed algebras $Λ_i$ and obtain an $n$-cluster tilting subcategory $\mathcal{M}$ of a module category $\text{mod}\mathcal{C}$ of a locally bounded Krull-Schmid…
We introduce a new class of algebras, which we call cluster-tilted. They are by definition the endomorphism algebras of tilting objects in a cluster category. We show that their representation theory is very close to the representation theory of hereditary algebras. As an application of this, we prove a generalised version of so-called APR-tilting.
The concept of cluster tilting gives a higher analogue of classical Auslander correspondence between representation-finite algebras and Auslander algebras. The $n$-Auslander-Reiten translation functor $τ_n$ plays an important role in the study of $n$-cluster tilting subcategories. We study the category $\MM_n$ of preinjective-like modules obtained by applying $τ_n$ to injective modules repeatedly. We call a finite dimensional algebra $Λ$ \emph{$n$-complete} if $\MM_n=\add M$ for an $n$-cluster tilting object $M$. Our main result asserts that the endomorphism algebra $\End_Λ(M)$ is $(n+1)$-comp…
From the viewpoint of mutation, we will give a brief survey of tilting theory and cluster-tilting theory together with a motivation from cluster algebras. Then we will give an introdution to τ-tilting theory which was recently developed in [AIR].
This is a survey on recent developments in Cohen-Macaulay representations via tilting and cluster tilting theory. We explain triangle equivalences between the singularity categories of Gorenstein rings and the derived (or cluster) categories of finite dimensional algebras.
