We study the existence of pointwise Kadec renormings for Banach spaces of the form $C(K)$. We show in particular that such a renorming exists when $K$ is any product of compact linearly ordered spaces, extending the result for a single factor due to Haydon, Jayne, Namioka and Rogers. We show that if $C(K_1)$ has a pointwise Kadec renorming and $K_2$ belongs to the class of spaces obtained by closing the class of compact metrizable spaces under inverse limits of transfinite continuous sequences of retractions, then $C(K_1\times K_2)$ has a pointwise Kadec renorming. We also prove a version of the three-space property for such renormings.
In this paper, we completely settle several of the open questions regarding the relationships between the three most fundamental forms of set convergence. In particular, it is shown that Wijsman and slice convergence coincide precisely when the weak star and norm topologies agree on the dual sphere. Consequently, a weakly compactly generated Banach space admits a dense set of norms for which Wijsman and slice convergence coincide if and only if it is an Asplund space. We also show that Wijsman convergence implies Mosco convergence precisely when the weak star and Mackey topologies coincide on …
We show that if a rearrangement invariant Banach function space $E$ on the positive semi-axis satisfies a non-trivial lower $q-$ estimate with constant $1$ then the corresponding space $E(\nm)$ of $τ-$measurable operators, affiliated with an arbitrary semi-finite von Neumann algebra $\nm$ equipped with a distinguished faithful, normal, semi-finite trace $τ$, has the uniform Kadec-Klee property for the topology of local convergence in measure. In particular, the Lorentz function spaces $L_{q,p}$ and the Lorentz-Schatten classes ${\cal C}_{q,p}$ have the UKK property for convergence locally in m…
Trees are very agreeable objects to work with, offering a diversity of behaviour within a structure that is sufficiently simple to admit precise analysis. Thus we are able to offer fairly satisfactory necessary and sufficient conditions on a tree $Υ$ for the existence of equivalent LUR or strictly convex norms on $\C_0(Υ)$ and for norms with the Kadec Property. In particular, we show that for a {\sl finitely branching} tree $Υ$ the space $\C_0(Υ)$ admits a Kadec renorming. Since some finitely branching trees fail the condition for strictly convex renormability, we obtain an example of a Banach…
We explore new implications of the $M(r,s)$ and $M^*(r,s)$ properties for Banach spaces. We show that a Banach space $X$ satisfying property $M(1,s)$ for some $0<s\leq 1$, admitting a point $x_{0}$ in its unit sphere at which the relative weak and norm topologies agree, satisfies the generalized Gossez-Lami Dozo property. We establish sufficient conditions, in terms of the $(r, s)$-Lipschitz weak$^*$ Kadec-Klee property on a Banach space $X$, to guarantee that its dual space satisfies the UKK$^*$ property. We determine appropriate conditions to assure that a Banach space $X$ satisfies the $(r,…
We research proximinality of $μ$-sequentially compact sets and $μ$-compact sets in measurable function spaces. Next we show a correspondence between the Kadec-Klee property for convergence in measure and $μ$-compactness of the sets in Banach function spaces. Also the property $S$ is investigated in Fréchet spaces and employed to provide the Kadec-Klee property for local convergence in measure. We discuss complete criteria for continuity of metric projection in Fréchet spaces with respect to the Hausdorff distance. Finally, we present the necessary and sufficient condition for continuous metric…
Using the game approach to fragmentability, we give new and simpler proofs of the following known results: (a) If the Banach space admits an equivalent Kadec norm, then its weak topology is fragmented by a metric which is stronger than the norm topology. (b) If the Banach space admits an equivalent rotund norm, then its weak topology is fragmented by a metric. (c) If the Banach space is weakly locally uniformly rotund, then its weak topology is fragmented by a metric which is stronger than the norm topology.
The aim of this note is to obtain results about when the norm of a projective tensor product is strongly subdifferentiable. We prove that if $X\hat{\otimes}_πY$ is strongly subdifferentiable and either $X$ or $Y$ has the metric approximation property then every bounded operator from $X$ to $Y^*$ is compact. We also prove that $(\ell_p(I)\hat{\otimes}_π\ell_q(J))^*$ has the $w^*$-Kadec-Klee property for every non-empty sets $I,J$ and every $2<p,q<\infty$, obtaining in particular that the norm of the space $\ell_p(I)\hat{\otimes}_π\ell_q(J)$ is strongly subdifferentiable. This extends several re…
An operator $T $ from a vector lattice $E$ into a normed lattice $F$ is called unbounded $σ$-order-to-norm continuous whenever $x_{n}\xrightarrow{uo}0$ implies $\| Tx_{n}\|\rightarrow 0$, for each sequence $(x_{n})_n\subseteq E$. For a net $(x_α)_α\subseteq E$, if $x_α\xrightarrow{un}0$ implies $Tx_α\xrightarrow{un}0$, then $T$ is called an unbounded norm continuous operator. In this manuscript, we study some properties of these classes of operators and their relationships with the other classes of operators.
A linear operator $T$ between two lattice-normed locally solid Riesz spaces is said to be $p_τ$-continuous if, for any $p_τ$-null net $(x_α)$, the net $(Tx_α)$ is $p_τ$-null, and $T$ is also said to be $p_τ$-bounded operator if it sends $p_τ$-bounded subsets to $p_τ$-bounded subsets. They are generalize several known classes of operators such as continuous, order continuous, $p$-continuous, order bounded, $p$-bounded operators, etc. We also study $up_τ$-continuous operators between lattice-normed locally solids Riesz spaces.
In this paper, we extend the concept of continuous Bessel wavelet transform in $L^p$-space and derived the Parseval's as well as the inversion formulas. By using Bessel wavelet coefficients we characterized the Besov- Hankel space.
Let $X$ be a real separable normed space $X$ admitting a separating polynomial. We prove that each continuous function from a subset $A$ of $X$ to a real Banach space can be uniformly approximated by restrictions to $A$ of functions which are analytic on open subsets of $X$. Also we prove that each continuous function to a complex Banach space from a complex separable normed space admitting a separating $*$-polynomial can be uniformly approximated by $*$-analytic functions.
Let $\operatorname{Lip}_0(M)$ be the space of Lipschitz functions on a complete metric space $M$ that vanish at a base point. We show that every normal functional in $\operatorname{Lip}_0(M)^\ast$ is weak$^*$ continuous, answering a question by N. Weaver.
Extending a result of Mashreghi and Ransford, we prove that every complex separable infinite dimensional Fréchet space with a continuous norm is isomorphic to a space continuously included in a space of holomorphic functions on the unit disc or the complex plane, which contains the polynomials as a dense subspace. As a consequence examples of nuclear Fréchet spaces of holomorphic functions without the bounded approximation exist.
In this paper, we consider the characterization of norm--parallelism problem in some classical Banach spaces. In particular, for two continuous functions $f, g$ on a compact Hausdorff space $K$, we show that $f$ is norm--parallel to $g$ if and only if there exists a probability measure (i.e. positive and of full measure equal to $1$) $μ$ with its support contained in the norm attaining set $\{x\in K: \, |f(x)| = \|f\|\}$ such that $\big|\int_K \overline{f(x)}g(x)dμ(x)\big| = \|f\|\,\|g\|$.
Norm estimates for strongly continuous semigroups have been successfully studied in numerous settings, but at the moment there are no corresponding studies in the case of solution operators of singular integral equations. Such equations have recently garnered a large amount of interest due to their potential to model numerous physically relevant phenomena with increased accuracy by incorporating so-called non-local effects. In this article, we provide the first step in the direction of providing such estimates for a particular class of operators which serve as solutions to certain integral equ…
In this article we investigate some general properties of the multiplier algebras of normed spaces of continuous functions (NSCF). In particular, we prove that the multiplier algebra inherits some of the properties of the NSCF. We show that it is often possible to construct NSCF's which only admit constant multipliers. In order to do that, using a method from [23], we prove that any separable Banach space can be realized as a NSCF over any separable metrizable space. On the other hand, we give a sufficient condition for non-separability of a multiplier algebra.
Let $E$ be a sublattice of a vector lattice $F$. A continuous operator $T$ from the vector lattice $E$ into a normed vector space $X$ is said to be $\tilde{o}$rder-norm continuous whenever $x_α\xrightarrow{Fo}0$ implies $Tx_α\xrightarrow{\Vert.\Vert}0$ for each $(x_α)_α\subseteq E$. Our mean from the convergence $ x_α\stackrel{Fo} {\longrightarrow} x $ is that there exists another net $ \left(y_α\right) $ in $F $ with the same index set satisfying $ y_α\downarrow 0 $ in $F$ and $ \vert x_α- x \vert \leq y_α$ for all indexes $ α$. In this paper, we will study some properties of this new class o…
A function $f$ defined on a 2-normed space $ (X,||.,.||)$ is ward continuous if it preserves quasi-Cauchy sequences where a sequence $(x_n)$ of points in $X$ is called quasi-Cauchy if $lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}||Δx_{n},z||=0$ for every $z\in X$. Some other kinds of continuties are also introduced via quasi-Cauchy sequences in 2-normed spaces. It turns out that uniform limit of ward continuous functions is again ward continuous.
The s-th forward difference sequence that tends to zero, inspired by the consecutive terms of a sequence approaching zero, is examined in this study. Functions that take sequences satisfying this condition to sequences satisfying the same condition are called s-ward continuous. Inclusion theorems that are related to this kind of uniform continuity and continuity are also considered. Additionally, the concept of $s$-ward compactness of a subset of $X$ via $s$-quasi-Cauchy sequences are investigated. One finds out that the uniform limit of any sequence of $s$-ward continuous function is $s$-ward…
A linear operator $T$ between two vector lattices normed by locally solid Riesz spaces is said to be $p_τ$-continuous if, for any $p_τ$-null net $(x_α)$, the net $(Tx_α)$ is $p_τ$-null, and $T$ is said to be $p_τ$-bounded operator if it sends $p_τ$-bounded subsets to $p_τ$-bounded subsets. Also, $T$ is called $p_τ$-compact if, for any $p_τ$-bounded net $(x_α)$, the net $(Tx_α)$ has a $p_τ$-convergent subnet. They generalize several known classes of operators such as norm continuous, order continuous, $p$-continuous, order bounded, $p$-bounded, compact and AM-compact operators. We study the gen…
A function $f$ defined on a subset $E$ of a two normed space $X$ is statistically ward continuous if it preserves statistically quasi-Cauchy sequences of points in $E$ where a sequence $(x_n)$ is statistically quasi-Cauchy if $(Δx_{n})$ is a statistically null sequence. A subset $E$ of $X$ is statistically ward compact if any sequence of points in $E$ has a statistically quasi-Cauchy subsequence. In this paper, new kinds of continuities are investigated in two normed spaces. It turns out that uniform limit of statistically ward continuous functions is again statistically ward continuous.
Let $X$ and $Y$ be Banach spaces, and $T:X^*\to Y$ be an operator. We prove that if $X$ is Asplund and $Y$ has the approximation property, then for each Radon probability $μ$ on $(B_{X^*},w^*)$ there is a sequence of $w^*$-to-norm continuous operators $T_n:X^*\to Y$ such that $\|T_n(x^*)-T(x^*)\| \to 0$ for $μ$-a.e. $x^*\in B_{X^*}$; if $Y$ has the $λ$-bounded approximation property for some $λ\geq 1$, then the sequence can be chosen in such a way that $\|T_n\|\leq λ\|T\|$ for all $n\in \mathbb{N}$. The same conclusions hold if $X$ contains no subspace isomorphic to $\ell_1$, $Y$ has the appro…
In this article we investigate the disjointly non-singular (DNS) operators. Following [8] we say that an operator $T$ from a Banach lattice $F$ into a Banach space $E$ is DNS, if no restriction of $T$ to a subspace generated by a disjoint sequence is strictly singular. We partially answer a question from [8] by showing that this class of operators forms an open subset of $L\left(F,E\right)$ as soon as $F$ is order continuous. Moreover, we show that in this case $T$ is DNS if and only if the norm topology is the minimal topology which is simultaneously stronger than the unbounded norm topology …
We investigate conditions under which the identity matrix $I_n$ can be continuously factorized through a continuous $N\times N$ matrix function $A$ with domain in $\mathbb{R}$. We study the relationship of the dimension $N$, the diagonal entries of $A$, and the norm of $A$ to the dimension $n$ and the norms of the matrices that witness the factorization of $I_n$ through $A$.
We deduce mixed quasi-norm estimates of Lebesgue types on semi-continuous convolutions between sequences and functions which may be periodic or possess a weaker form of periodicity in certain directions. In these directions, the Lebesgue quasi-norms are applied on the period instead of the whole axes.
The norm of $C-I$ on $\ell^p$, where $C$ is the Cesàro operator, is shown to be $1/(p-1)$ when $1<p\le2$. This verifies a recent conjecture of G. J. O. Jameson. The norm of $C-I$ on $\ell^p$ is also determined when $2< p<\infty$. The two parts together answer a question raised by G. Bennett in 1996. Operator norms in the continuous case, Hardy's averaging operator minus identity, are already known. Norms in the discrete and continuous cases coincide.
In this paper, we prove that if $E$ is a uniquely remotal subset of a real normed linear space $X$ such that $E$ has a Chebyshev center $c \in X$ and the farthest point map $F:X\rightarrow E$ restricted to $[c,F(c)]$ is partially statistically continuous at $c$, then $E$ is a singleton. We obtain a necessary condition on uniquely remotal subsets of uniformly rotund Banach spaces to be a singleton. Moreover, we show that there exists a remotal set $M$ having a Chebyshev center $c$ such that the farthest point map $F:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow M$ is not continuous at $c$ but is partially statisticall…
The present work is devoted to an extension of the well-known Ehrling inequalities, which quantitatively characterize compact embeddings of function spaces, to more general operators. Firstly, a modified notion of continuity for linear operators, named \emph{Ehrling continuity} and inspired by the classical Ehrling inequality, is introduced, and then, a necessary and sufficient condition for Ehrling continuity is provided via arguments based on general topology. Secondly, general completely continuous operators between normed spaces are characterized in terms of (generalized) Ehrling type ineq…
The aim of this article is to extend results of Maslyuchenko O., Mykhaylyuk V. Popov M. about narrow operators on vector lattices. We give a new definition of a narrow operator where a vector lattice as the domain space of a narrow operator is replaced with a lattice-normed space. We prove that every GAM-compact (bo)-norm continuous linear operator from a Banach-Kantorovich space V to a Banach lattice Y is narrow. Then we show that, under some mild conditions, a continuous dominated operator is narrow if and only if its exact dominant is narrow.
For locally compact Hausdorff spaces $X$ and $Y$, and function algebras $A$ and $B$ on $X$ and $Y$, respectively, surjections $T:A \longrightarrow B$ satisfying norm multiplicative condition $\|Tf\, Tg\|_Y =\|fg\|_X$, $f,g\in A$, with respect to the supremum norms, and those satisfying $\||Tf|+|Tg|\|_Y=\||f|+|g|\|_X$ have been extensively studied. Motivated by this, we consider certain (multiplicative or additive) subsemigroups $A$ and $B$ of $C_0(X)$ and $C_0(Y)$, respectively, and study surjections $T: A \longrightarrow B$ satisfying the norm condition $ρ(Tf, Tg)=ρ(f,g)$, $f,g \in A$, for so…
This is a survey article of geometric properties of noncommutative symmetric spaces of measurable operators $E(\mathcal{M},τ)$, where $\mathcal{M}$ is a semifinite von Neumann algebra with a faithful, normal, semifinite trace $τ$, and $E$ is a symmetric function space. If $E\subset c_0$ is a symmetric sequence space then the analogous properties in the unitary matrix ideals $C_E$ are also presented. In the preliminaries we provide basic definitions and concepts illustrated by some examples and occasional proofs. In particular we list and discuss the properties of general singular value functio…
We construct an LUR-norm on the space C(K) which is lower semicontinuous with respect to the pointwise topology for any Fedorchuk compactum of height 3.
It is well known that the essential norm of a Toeplitz operator on the Hardy space $H^p(\mathbb{T})$, $1 < p < \infty$ is greater than or equal to the $L^\infty(\mathbb{T})$ norm of its symbol. In 1988, A. Böttcher, N. Krupnik, and B. Silbermann posed a question on whether or not the equality holds in the case of continuous symbols. We answer this question in the negative. On the other hand, we show that the essential norm of a Toeplitz operator with a continuous symbol is less than or equal to twice the $L^\infty(\mathbb{T})$ norm of the symbol and prove more precise $p$-dependent estimates.
The purpose of this paper is to study the approximation of vector valued mappings defined on a subset of a normed space. We investigate Korovkin-type conditions under which a given sequence of linear operators becomes a so-called approximation process. First, we give a sufficient condition for this sequence to approximate the class of bounded, uniformly continuous functions. Then we present some sufficient and necessary conditions guaranteeing the approximation within the class of unbounded, *weak-to-norm continuous mappings. We also derive some estimates of the rate of convergence.
In this paper, we shall show that the space of real-valued uniformly continuous functions on a metric measure space with the $L^p$ norm is homeomorphic to the subspace consisting of sequences conversing to $0$ in the pseudo interior.
Let $(X,(p_j))$ be a Fréchet space with a Schauder basis and without continuous norm, where $(p_j)$ is an increasing sequence of seminorms inducing the topology of $X$. We show that $X$ satisfies the Invariant Subspace Property if and only if there exists $j_0\ge 1$ such that $\ker p_{j+1}$ is of finite codimension in $\ker p_{j}$ for every $j\ge j_0$.
Let ${\mathfrak A}$ be a $C^*$-algebra, $T$ be a locally compact Hausdorff space equipped with a probability measure $P$ and let $(A_t)_{t\in T}$ be a continuous field of operators in ${\mathfrak A}$ such that the function $t \mapsto A_t$ is norm continuous on $T$ and the function $t \mapsto \|A_t\|$ is integrable. Then the following equality including Bouchner integrals holds \begin{eqnarray}\label{oi} \int_T|A_t - \int_TA_s{\rm d}P|^2 {\rm d}P=\int_T|A_t|^2{\rm d}P - |\int_TA_t{\rm d}P|^2 . \end{eqnarray} This equality is related both to the notion of variance in statistics and to a characte…
Let $Bo(T,τ)$ be the Borel $σ$-algebra generated by the topology $τ$ on $T$. In this paper we show that if $K$ is a Hausdorff compact space, then every subset of $K$ is a Borel set if, and only if, $$Bo(C^*(K),w^*)=Bo(C^*(K),\|\cdot\|);$$ where $w^*$ denotes the weak-star topology and $\|\cdot\|$ is the dual norm with respect to the sup-norm on the space of real-valued continuous functions $C(K)$. Furthermore we study the topological properties of the Hausdorff compact spaces $K$ such that every subset is a Borel set. In particular we show that, if the axiom of choice holds true, then $K$ is s…
We prove various reconstruction theorems about open subsets of normed spaces. E.g. if the uniformly continuous homeomorphism groups of two such sets are isomorphic, then this isomorphism is induced by a uniformly continuous homeomorphism between these open sets.
We consider locally equi-continuous strongly continuous semigroups on locally convex spaces (X,tau). First, we show that if (X,tau) has the property that weak* compact sets of the dual are equi-continuous, then strong continuity of the semigroup is equivalent to weak continuity and local equi-continuity. Second, we consider locally convex spaces (X,tau) that are also equipped with a `suitable' auxiliary norm. We introduce the set N of tau continuous semi-norms that are bounded by the norm. If (X,tau) has the property that N is closed under countable convex combinations, then a number of Banach…
Yanni Chen extended the classical Beurling-Helson-Lowdenslager Theorem for Hardy spaces on the unit circle $\mathbb{T}$ defined in terms of continuous gauge norms on $L^{\infty}$ that dominate $\Vert\cdot\Vert_{1}$. We extend Chen's result to a much larger class of continuous gauge norms. A key ingredient is our result that if $α$ is a continuous normalized gauge norm on $L^{\infty}$, then there is a probability measure $λ$, mutually absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure on $\mathbb{T}$, such that $α\geq c\Vert\cdot\Vert_{1,λ}$ for some $0<c\leq1.$
This paper is concerned with the problem of approximating a homeomorphism by piecewise affine homeomorphisms. The main result is as follows: every homeomorphism from a planar domain with a polygonal boundary to R^2 that is globally Holder continuous of exponent α, and whose inverse is also globally Holder continuous of exponent αcan be approximated in the Holder norm of exponent βby piecewise affine homeomorphisms, for some βthat only depends on α. The proof is constructive. We adapt the proof of simplicial approximation in the supremum norm, and measure the side lengths and angles of the tria…
A Fréchet space $X$ satisfies the Hereditary Invariant Subspace (resp. Subset) Property if for every closed infinite-dimensional subspace $M$ in $X$, each continuous operator on $M$ possesses a non-trivial invariant subspace (resp. subset). In this paper, we exhibit a family of non-normable separable infinite-dimensional Fréchet spaces satisfying the Hereditary Invariant Subspace Property and we show that many non-normable Fréchet spaces do not satisfy this property. We also state sufficient conditions for the existence of a continuous operator without non-trivial invariant subset and deduce a…
By the Riesz representation theorem using the Riemann-Stieltjes integral, linear continuous functionals on the set of continuous functions from the unit interval into the reals can either be characterized by functions of bounded variation from the unit interval into the reals, or by signed measures on the Borel-subsets. Each of these objects has an (even minimal) Jordan decomposition into non-negative or non-decreasing objects. Using the representation approach to computable analysis, a computable version of the Riesz representation theorem has been proved by Jafarikhah, Lu and Weihrauch. In t…
A distribution on the real line has a continuous primitive integral if it is the distributional derivative of a function that is continuous on the extended real line. The space of distributions integrable in this sense is a Banach space that includes all functions integrable in the Lebesgue and Henstock--Kurzweil senses. The one-dimensional heat equation is considered with initial data that is integrable in the sense of the continuous primitive integral. Let $Θ_t(x)=\exp(-x^2/(4t))/\sqrt{4πt}$ be the heat kernel. With initial data $f$ that is the distributional derivative of a continuous funct…
