Let A be a closed polar subset of a domain D in the complex plane C. We give a complete description of the pluripolar hull in D X C of the graph of a holomorphic function defined on D A. To achieve this, we prove for pluriharmonic measure certain semi-continuity properties and a localization principle.
In this paper we study the pluripolar hulls of analytic sets. In particular, we show that hulls of graphs of analytic functions can be multiple sheeted and sheets can be separated by a set of zero dimension.
We discuss the relation between pluripolar hulls and fine analytic structure. Our main result is the following. For each non polar subset $S$ of the complex plane $\mathbb C$ we prove that there exists a pluripolar set $E \subset (S \times \mathbb C)$ with the property that the pluripolar hull of $E$ relative to $\mathbb C^2$ contains no fine analytic structure and its projection onto the first coordinate plane equals $\mathbb C$.
We study the pluripolar hull of the graph of a holomorphic function f, defined on a domain D in the complex plane outside a polar set A of D. This leads to a theorem that describes under what conditions f is nowhere extendable over A, while the graph of f over D \ A is NOT complete pluripolar.
We present some basic properties of the boundary relative extremal function and discuss so called boundary pluripolar sets and boundary pluripolar hulls. We show that for B-regular domains the boundary pluripolar hull is always trivial on the boundary of the domain and present a "boundary version" of Zeriahi's theorem on the completeness of pluripolar sets.
We show that if the graph of a bounded analytic function in the unit disk $\mathbb D$ is not complete pluripolar in $\mathbb C^2$ then the projection of the closure of its pluripolar hull contains a fine neighborhood of a point $p \in \partial \mathbb D$. On the other hand we show that if an analytic function $f$ in $\mathbb D$ extends to a function $\mathcal{F}$ which is defined on a fine neighborhood of a point $p \in \partial \mathbb D$ and is finely analytic at $p$ then the pluripolar hull of the graph of $f$ contains the graph of $\mathcal{F}$ over a smaller fine neighborhood of $p$. We g…
The pluripolar hull of a pluripolar set E in $\mathbb{P}^n$ is the intersection of all complete pluripolar sets in $\mathbb{P}^n$ that contain $E$. We prove that the pluripolar hull of each compact pluripolar set in $\mathbb{P}^n$ is $F_σ$. The convergence set of a divergent formal power series $f(z_{0}, \dots,z_{n})$ is the set of all "directions" $ξ\in\mathbb{P}^{n}$ along which $f$ is convergent. We prove that the union of the pluripolar hulls of a countable collection of compact pluripolar sets in $\mathbb{P}^n$ is the convergence set of some divergent series $f$. The convergence sets on $…
Examples by Poletsky and the author and by Zwonek show the existence nowhere extendable holomorphic functions with the property that the pluripolar hull of their graphs is much larger than the graph of the respective functions and contains multiple sheets. We will explain this phenomenon by fine analytic continuation of the function over part of a Cantor-type set involved. This gives more information on the hull, and allows for weakening and effectiveness of the conditions in the original examples.
We prove that the image of a finely holomorphic map on a fine domain in $\mathbb{C}$ is pluripolar subset of $\mathbb{C}^{n}$. We also discuss the relationship between pluripolar hulls and finely holomorphic function.
The aim of this paper is to present an extension theorem for the functions separately holomorphic on generalized (N,k)-crosses with pluripolar singularities.
We prove that in the extension theorem for separately holomorphic functions on an $N$-fold cross with singularities the case of analytic singularities follows from the case of pluripolar singularities.
Let $D_j\subset\Bbb C^{n_j}$ be a pseudoconvex domain and let $A_j\subset D_j$ be a locally pluriregular set, $j=1,...,N$. Put $$ X:=\bigcup_{j=1}^N A_1\times...\times A_{j-1}\times D_j\times A_{j+1}\times ...\times A_N\subset\Bbb C^{n_1}\times...\times\Bbb C^{n_N}=\Bbb C^n. $$ Let $U\subset\Bbb C^n$ be an open neighborhood of $X$ and let $M\subset U$ be a relatively closed subset of $U$. For $j\in\{1,...,N\}$ let $Σ_j$ be the set of all $(z',z'')\in(A_1\times...\times A_{j-1}) \times(A_{j+1}\times...\times A_N)$ for which the fiber $M_{(z',\cdot,z'')}:=\{z_j\in\Bbb C^{n_j}\: (z',z_j,z'')\in M…
We prove that every bounded finely plurisubharmonic function can be locally (in the pluri-fine topology) written as the difference of two usual plurisubharmonic functions. As a consequence finely plurisubharmonic functions are continuous with respect to the pluri-fine topology. Moreover we show that -infinity sets of finely plurisubharmonic functions are pluripolar, hence graphs of finely holomorphic functions are pluripolar.
We prove the following theorem: Let X be a Stein manifold of dimension at least 2 and Y a closed complete pluripolar subset of X. Given a point p in the complement of Y there is a proper holomorphic map f from the unit disc to X such that f(0)=p and the image of f avoids Y.
Let D_1 be a subdomain of D_2 in the complex plane CC. Under very mild conditions on D_2 we show that there exist holomorphic functions f, defined on D_1 with the property that $f$ is nowhere extendible across the boundary of D_1, while the graph of f over D_1 is NOT complete pluripolar in D_2 times CC. This refutes a conjecture of Levenberg, Martin and Poletsky.
We prove an analogue of Sadullaev's theorem concerning the size of the set where a maximal totally real manifold can meet a pluripolar set. The manifold has to be of class C-1 only. This readily leads to a version of Shcherbina's theorem for C-1 functions f that are defined in a neighborhood of certain compact sets K in the complex plane. If the graph of f on K is pluripolar, then f satisfies the Cauchy Riemann equations in the closure of the fine interior of K.
Let $D_j\subset\mathbb C^{n_j}$ be a pseudoconvex domain and let $A_j\subset D_j$ be a locally pluriregular set, $j=1,...,N$. Put $$ X:=\bigcup_{j=1}^N A_1\times...\times A_{j-1}\times D_j\times A_{j+1}\times...\times A_N. $$ Let $M\subset X$ be relatively closed. For any $j\in\{1,...,N\}$ let $Σ_j$ be the set of all $(z',z'')\in(A_1\times...\times A_{j-1})\times(A_{j+1}\times...\times A_N)$ such that the fiber $M_{(z',\cdot,z'')}:=\{z_j\in\mathbb C^{n_j}: (z',z_j,z'')\in M\}$ is not pluripolar. Assume that $Σ_1,...,Σ_N$ are pluripolar. Put ${multline*} X':=\bigcup_{j=1}^N\{(z',z_j,z'')\in(A_1…
In this article, we consider currents given by the p-fold non-pluripolar product associated with a quasi-plurisubharmonic function of finite energy, and prove that normalized pull-backs of such currents converge to the Green (p, p)-current exponentially fast in the sense of currents for holomorphic endomorphisms of Pk.
A weak and a strong concept of plurifinely plurisubharmonic and plurifinely holomorphic functions are introduced. Strong will imply weak. The weak concept is studied further. A function f is weakly plurifinely plurisubharmonic if and only if f o h is finely subharmonic for all complex affine-linear maps h. As a consequence, the regularization in the plurifine topology of a pointwise supremum of such functions is weakly plurifinely plurisubharmonic, and it differs from the pointwise supremum at most on a pluripolar set. Weak plurifine plurisubharmonicity and weak plurifine holomorphy are preser…
Using recent development in Poletsky theory of discs, we prove the following result: Let $X,$ $Y$ be two complex manifolds, let $Z$ be a complex analytic space which possesses the Hartogs extension property, let $A$ (resp. $B$) be a non locally pluripolar subset of $X$ (resp. $Y$). We show that every separately holomorphic mapping $f: W:=(A\times Y) \cup (X\times B)\longrightarrow Z$ extends to a holomorphic mapping $\hat{f}$ on $\hat{W}:=\left\lbrace(z,w)\in X\times Y:\ \widetildeω(z,A,X)+\widetildeω(w,B,Y)<1 \right\rbrace$ such that $\hat{f}=f$ on $W\cap \hat{W},$ where $\widetildeω(\cdot,A,…
Let $f$ be a holomorphic endomorphism of $\mathbb{CP}^k$ having an attracting set $A$. In this paper, we address the question of the "size" of $A$ in a pluripolar sense. We introduce a conceptually simple framework to have non-algebraic attracting sets. We prove that adding a dimensional condition, these sets support a closed positive current with bounded quasi-potential (which answers a question from T.C. Dinh). Therefore, they are not pluripolar. Moreover, the examples are abundant on $\mathbb{CP}^k$.
We establish extension theorems for separately holomorphic mappings defined on sets of the form W\setminus M with values in a complex analytic space which possesses the Hartogs extension property. Here W is a 2-fold cross of arbitrary complex manifolds and M is a set of singularities which is locally pluripolar (resp. thin) in fibers.
The notion of the projective hull of a compact set in a complex projective space was introduced by Harvey and Lawson in 2006. In this paper we describe the projective hull by Poletsky sequences of analytic discs, in analogy to the known descriptions of the holomorphic and the plurisubharmonic hull.
We apply a notion of geodesics of plurisubharmonic functions to interpolation of compact subsets of $C^n$. Namely, two non-pluripolar, polynomially closed, compact subsets of $C^n$ are interpolated as level sets $L_t=\{z: u_t(z)=-1\}$ for the geodesic $u_t$ between their relative extremal functions with respect to any ambient bounded domain. The sets $L_t$ are described in terms of certain holomorphic hulls. In the toric case, it is shown that the relative Monge-Ampère capacities of $L_t$ satisfy a dual Brunn-Minkowski inequality.
Let $D_j\subset\Bbb C^{k_j}$ be a pseudoconvex domain and let $A_j\subset D_j$ be a locally pluripolar set, $j=1,...,N$. Put$$X:=\bigcup_{j=1}^N A_1\times...\times A_{j-1}\times D_j\times A_{j+1}\times...\times A_N\subset\Bbb C^{k_1+...+k_N}.$$Let $U$ be an open connected neighborhood of $X$ and let $M\varsubsetneq U$ be an analytic subset. Then there exists an analytic subset $\hat M$ of the `envelope of holomorphy' $\hat X$ of $X$ with $\hat M\cap X\subset M$ such that for every function $f$ separately holomorphic on $X\setminus M$ there exists an $\hat f$ holomorphic on $\hat X\setminus\hat…
It is known from the Runge approximation theorem that every function which is holomorphic in a neighborhood of a compact polynomially convex set $K\subset \complexes^{n}$ can be approximated uniformly on $K$ by analytic polynomials. We shall here prove the same result when the role of the polynomially convex hull $\hat {K}$ is played by the generalized polynomial hull $h_{q}(K)$ introduced by Basener and which can be defined, for each integer $q\in {0,...,n-1}$, by $h_{q}(K)=\displaystyle\bigcup_{P\in \complexes [z_{1},...,z_{n}]} A_{P}$ where $A_{P}=\{z\in \complexes^{n}: |P(z)|\leq δ_{K}(P,z…
We give conditions characterizing holomorphic and meromorphic functions in the unit disk of the complex plane in terms of certain weak forms of the maximum principle. Our work is directly inspired by recent results of John Wermer, and by the theory of the projective hull of a compact subset of complex projective space developed by Reese Harvey and Blaine Lawson.
For each $n\geq2$ we construct an unbounded closed pseudoconcave complete pluripolar set $\mathcal E$ in $\mathbb C^n$ which contains no analytic variety of positive dimension (we call it a \textit{Wermer type set}). We also construct an unbounded strictly pseudoconvex domain $Ω$ in $\mathbb C^n$ and a smooth $CR$ function $f$ on $\partialΩ$ which has a single-valued holomorphic extension exactly to the set $\barΩ\setminus\mathcal E$.}
We prove that for a bounded domain in $\mathbb C^n$ with the Bergman metric of constant holomorphic sectional curvature being biholomorphic to a ball is equivalent to the hyperconvexity or the exhaustiveness of the Bergman-Calabi diastasis. By finding its connection with the Bergman representative coordinate, we give explicit formulas of the Bergman-Calabi diastasis and show that it has bounded gradient. In particular, we prove that any bounded domain whose Bergman metric has constant holomorphic sectional curvature is Lu Qi-Keng. We also extend a theorem of Lu towards the incomplete situation…
Let $X$ be a connected open Riemann surface. Let $Y$ be an Oka domain in the smooth locus of an analytic subvariety of $\mathbb C^n$, $n\geq 1$, such that the convex hull of $Y$ is all of $\mathbb C^n$. Let $\mathscr O_*(X, Y)$ be the space of nondegenerate holomorphic maps $X\to Y$. Take a holomorphic $1$-form $θ$ on $X$, not identically zero, and let $π:\mathscr O_*(X,Y) \to H^1(X,\mathbb C^n)$ send a map $g$ to the cohomology class of $gθ$. Our main theorem states that $π$ is a Serre fibration. This result subsumes the 1971 theorem of Kusunoki and Sainouchi that both the periods and the div…
We present necessary and sufficient conditions on planar compacta $K$ and continuous functions $f$ on $K$ in order that $f$ generates the algebras $P(K), R(K), A(K)$ or $C(K)$. We also unveil quite surprisingly simple examples of non-polynomial convex compacta $K\subseteq\mathbb C$ and $f\in P(K)$ with the property that $f \in P(K)$ is a homeomorphism, but for which $f^{-1}\notin P(f(K))$. As a consequence, such functions do not admit injective holomorphic extensions to the interior of the polynomial convex hull $\widehat K$. On the other hand, it will be shown that the restriction $f^*|_G$ of…
In this paper we construct for every integer $n>1$ a complex manifold of dimension $n$ which is exhausted by an increasing sequence of biholomorphic images of $\mathbb C^n$ (i.e., a long $\mathbb C^n$), but it does not admit any nonconstant holomorphic or plurisubharmonic functions. Furthermore, we introduce new biholomorphic invariants of a complex manifold $X$, the stable core and the strongly stable core, that are based on the long term behavior of hulls of compact sets with respect to an exhaustion of $X$. We show that every compact polynomially convex set $B\subset \mathbb C^n$ which is t…
Given a finite sequence $a:={a_1, ..., a_N}$ in a domain $Ω\subset C^n$, and complex scalars $v:={v_1, ..., v_N}$, consider the classical extremal problem of finding the smallest uniform norm of a holomorphic function verifying $f(a_j)=v_j$ for all $j$. We show that the modulus of the solutions to this problem must approach its least upper bound along a subset of the boundary of the domain large enough to contain the support of a measure whose hull contains a subset of the original $a$ large enough to force the same minimum norm. Furthermore, all the solutions must agree on a variety which als…
On the Ohsawa-Takegoshi $L^2$ extension theorem and removable singularities of plurisubharmonic functions
CAS Wu Wen-Tsun Key Laboratory of Mathematics and School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学数学科学学院、中国科学院吴文俊数学重点实验室)
Given a domain $D$ in $\mathbb{C}^n$ and $K$ a compact subset of $D$, the set $\mathcal{A}_K^D$ of all restrictions of functions holomorphic on $D$ the modulus of which is bounded by $1$ is a compact subset of the Banach space $C(K)$ of continuous functions on $K$. The sequence $(d_m(\mathcal{A}_K^D))_{m\in \mathbb{N}}$ of Kolmogorov $m$-widths of $\mathcal{A}_K^D$ provides a measure of the degree of compactness of the set $\mathcal{A}_K^D$ in $C(K)$ and the study of its asymptotics has a long history, essentially going back to Kolmogorov's work on $ε$-entropy of compact sets in the 1950s. In …