We show that a tensor product of irreducible, finite dimensional representations of a simple Lie algebra over a field of characteristic zero, determines the individual constituents uniquely. This is analogous to the uniqueness of prime factorisation of natural numbers.
Let $G$ be a simple linear algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic $p \geqslant 0$, let $H$ be a proper closed subgroup of $G$ and let $V$ be a nontrivial finite dimensional irreducible rational $KG$-module. We say that $(G,H,V)$ is an irreducible triple if $V$ is irreducible as a $KH$-module. Determining these triples is a fundamental problem in the representation theory of algebraic groups, which arises naturally in the study of the subgroup structure of classical groups. In the 1980s, Seitz and Testerman extended earlier work of Dynkin on connected subgroups…
Let $H$ be a linear algebraic group whose connected component $G\neq 1$ is simple and $H/G$ is cyclic. We determine the irreducible projective representations $ϕ$ of $H$ such that $ϕ(G)$ is irreducible and $ϕ(h)$ has simple spectrum for some $h\in H$. The latter means that all irreducible constituents of the group $ϕ( \langle h\rangle)$ are of multiplicity 1. (Here $\langle h\rangle$ is the subgroup of $H$ generated by $h$.) This extends an earlier known result for $H=G$.
Let $G$ be a simple classical algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic $p \ge 0$ with natural module $W$. Let $H$ be a closed subgroup of $G$ and let $V$ be a non-trivial irreducible tensor-indecomposable $p$-restricted rational $KG$-module such that the restriction of $V$ to $H$ is irreducible. In this paper we classify all such triples $(G,H,V)$, where $H$ is a maximal closed disconnected positive-dimensional subgroup of $G$, and $H$ preserves a natural geometric structure on $W$.
We use tilting modules to study the structure of the tensor product of two simple modules for the algebraic group $\SL_2$, in positive characteristic, obtaining a twisted tensor product theorem for its indecomposable direct summands. Various other related results are obtained, and numerous examples are computed.
Let G be a simple classical algebraic group over an algebraically closed field K of characteristic $p \ge 0$ with natural module W. Let H be a closed subgroup of G and let V be a nontrivial p-restricted irreducible tensor indecomposable rational KG-module such that the restriction of V to H is irreducible. In this paper we classify the triples (G,H,V) of this form, where $V \ne W, W^{*}$ and H is a disconnected almost simple positive-dimensional closed subgroup of G acting irreducibly on W. Moreover, by combining this result with earlier work, we complete the classification of the irreducible …
We study the spectra of non-regular semisimple elements in irreducible representations of simple algebraic groups. More precisely, we prove that if G is a simply connected simple linear algebraic group and f is a non-trivial irreducible representation of G in some GL(V) for which there exists a non-regular non-central semisimple element s in G such that f(s) has almost simple spectrum, then, with few exceptions, G is of classical type and dim V is minimal possible. Here the spectrum of a diagonalizable matrix is called simple if all eigenvalues are of multiplicity 1, and almost simple if at mo…
Let $G$ be a simple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic $p\geqslant 0$, let $H$ be a proper closed subgroup of $G$ and let $V$ be a nontrivial irreducible $KG$-module, which is $p$-restricted, tensor indecomposable and rational. Assume that the restriction of $V$ to $H$ is irreducible. In this paper, we study the triples $(G,H,V)$ of this form when $G$ is a classical group and $H$ is positive-dimensional. Combined with earlier work of Dynkin, Seitz, Testerman and others, our main theorem reduces the problem of classifying the triples $(G,H,V)$ to the case w…
Let $G$ be a simple linear algebraic group defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p\geq 0$ and let $ϕ$ be a $p$-restricted irreducible representation of $G$. Let $T$ be a maximal torus of $G$ and $s\in T$. We say that $s$ is strongly regular if $α(s)\neβ(s)$ for all distinct $T$-roots $α$ and $β$ of $G$. Our main result states that if all but one of the eigenvalues of $ϕ(s)$ are of multiplicity 1 then, with a few specified exceptions, $s$ is strongly regular. This can be viewed as an extension of our earlier result saying that under the same hypotheses, $s$ must be regul…
We completely describe the decompositions (into indecomposable submodules) of the tensor products of irreducible sl(2)-modules in characteristic 3. The answer resembles analogous decompositions for the Lie superalgebra sl(1|1).
In this note, we determine the irreducible characters for the simple algebraic groups of type $A_5$ over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic 3, by using a theorem of Xi Nanhua and the Matlab software. In order to obtain higher speed than in Jiachen et al we modify the algorithm to compute the irreducible characters.
Let $G$ be an algebraic group of classical type of rank $l$ over an algebraically closed field $K$ of characteristic $p$. We list and determine the dimensions of all irreducible $KG$-modules $L$ with $\dim L < \binom{l+1}{4}$ if $G$ is of type $A_l$, and with $\dim L < 16 \binom{l}{4}$, if $G$ is of type $B_l$, $C_l$ or $D_l$.
An algorithm for irreducible decomposition of representations of finite groups over fields of characteristic zero is described. The algorithm uses the fact that the decomposition induces a partition of the invariant inner product into a complete set of mutually orthogonal projectors. By expressing the projectors through the basis elements of the centralizer ring of the representation, the problem is reduced to solving systems of quadratic equations. The current implementation of the algorithm is able to split representations of dimensions up to hundreds of thousands. Examples of calculations a…
Let $G$ be a simple algebraic group in defining characteristic $p>0$, and let $V$ be an irreducible $G$-module which is the tensor product of exactly two non-trivial modules. We obtain a criterion for $V$ to have the zero weight. In addition, we provide a uniform criterion for an irreducible representation of a simple Lie algebra over the complex numbers to have a multiple of a prescribed fundamental weight.
In this paper we consider symmetric powers representation and exterior powers representation of finite groups, which generated by the representation which has finite dimension over the complex field. We calculate the multiplicity of irreducible component of two representations of some representation by using a character theory of representation and a pre-lambda-ring, for example, the regular representation.
We give an algorithm for working out the indecomposable direct summands in a Krull--Schmidt decomposition of a tensor product of two simple modules for G=SL_3 in characteristics 2 and 3. It is shown that there is a finite family of modules such that every such indecomposable summand is expressible as a twisted tensor product of members of that family. Along the way we obtain the submodule structure of various Weyl and tilting modules. Some of the tilting modules that turn up in characteristic 3 are not rigid; these seem to provide the first example of non-rigid tilting modules for algebraic gr…
We prove for an arbitrary complex $^*$-algebra $A$ that every topologically irreducible $^*$-representation of $A$ on a Hilbert space is finite dimensional precisely when the Lebesgue decomposition of representable positive functionals over $A$ is unique. In particular, the uniqueness of the Lebesgue decomposition of positive functionals over the $L^1$-algebras of locally compact groups provides a new characterization of Moore groups.
Let $n\geq 3,$ and let $Y$ be a simply connected, simple algebraic group of type $D_{n+1}$ over an algebraically closed field $K.$ Also let $X$ be the subgroup of type $B_n$ of $Y,$ embedded in the usual way. In this paper, we correct an error in a proof of a theorem of Seitz, resulting in the discovery of a new family of triples $(X,Y,V),$ where $V$ denotes a finite-dimensional, irreducible, rational $KY$-module, on which $X$ acts irreducibly. We go on to investigate the impact of the existence of the new examples on the classification of the maximal closed connected subgroups of the classica…
There exist principal $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ subalgebras for hyperbolic Kac-Moody Lie algebras. In the case of rank 2 symmetric hyperbolic Kac-Moody Lie algebras, certain $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ subalgebras are constructed. These subalgebras are generalizations of principal $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ subalgebras. We show that the rank 2 symmetric hyperbolic Kac-Moody Lie algebras themselves are irreducibly decomposed under the action of this $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ subalgebras. Furthermore, we classify irreducible components of the decomposition. In particular, we obtain multiplicities of unitary principal series and c…
We give the decomposition into irreducible factors of Weil representations of the symplectic groups at even levels, generalizing previous decompositions at odd levels. We then derive the decomposition of the quantum representations of SL2(Z) arising in the SU(2) and SO(3) TQFTs. As application we show that, when the level indexing the TQFT is not a multiple of 4, the universal construction applied to a cobordism category without framed links leads to the same TQFT.
Building on prior work, we analyze the decomposition of the restriction of an irreducible representation of SL_2(k), for k a p-adic field of odd residual characteristic, to a maximal compact subgroup K. The pattern of the decomposition varies between principal series and different supercuspidal representations, whereas the K-representations which occur in the "tail end" of these decompositions are precisely those occurring in the decomposition of depth-zero supercuspidal representations. Various applications are considered.
We study the structure of the indecomposable direct summands of tensor products of two restricted simple $SL_3(K)$-modules, where $K$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p \geq 5$. We give a characteristic-free algorithm for the computation of the decomposition of such a tensor product into indecomposable modules. The $p<5$ case for $\SL_3(K)$ was studied in the authors' earlier paper. In this paper we show that for characteristics $p\geq 5$ all the indecomposable summands are rigid, in contrast to the situation in characteristic 3.
This paper contains the decomposition matrices for blocks of defect at most $2$ in Category $\mathcal{O}_c(W)$ of the rational Cherednik algebra when $W=E_8$ or $F_4$ with equal parameters $c=1/d$, $d>2$ a regular number of $W$. A corollary of the result is a classification of the dimensions of support of the irreducible modules $L(τ)$ in $\mathcal{O}_{1/d}(W)$ except in the following cases: $W=E_8$, $d=4$ or $6$ and $L(τ)$ is in the principal block, or $d=2$ or $3$; $W=F_4$, $d=2$. In particular, this classifies the finite-dimensional modules of $H_c(E_8)$ when $d\neq 2,3,4,6$.
The classical McKay correspondence for finite subgroups $G$ of $\SL(2,\C)$ gives a bijection between isomorphism classes of nontrivial irreducible representations of $G$ and irreducible components of the exceptional divisor in the minimal resolution of the quotient singularity $\A^2_\C/G$. Over non algebraically closed fields $K$ there may exist representations irreducible over $K$ which split over $\bar{K}$. The same is true for irreducible components of the exceptional divisor. In this paper we show that these two phenomena are related and that there is a bijection between nontrivial irreduc…
Let G be an almost simple, simply connected algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0. In this paper we restate our conjecture from 1979 on the characters of irreducible modular representations of G so that it is now directly applicable to any dominant highest weight.
Let G be a simple, simply connected and connected algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0, and let V be a rational G-module such that dim V <= p. According to a result of Jantzen, V is completely reducible, and H^1(G,V)=0. In this paper we show that H^2(G,V) = 0 unless some composition factor of V is a non-trivial Frobenius twist of the adjoint representation of G.
The behavior of the images of a fixed element of order p in irreducible representations of a classical algebraic group in odd characteristic p with highest weights large enough with respect to p and this element is investigated. Lower estimates for the number of Jordan blocks of size p in images of such elements that lie in naturally embedded subgroups of the same type as the initial group and smaller ranks are obtained.
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p \geq 0$, let $G$ be a simple simply connected classical linear algebraic group of rank $\ell$ and let $T$ be a maximal torus in $G$ with rational character group $X(T)$. For a nonzero $p$-restricted dominant weight $λ\in X(T)$, let $V$ be the associated irreducible $kG$-module. Define $ν_{G}(V)$ to be the minimum codimension of eigenspaces corresponding to non-central elements of $G$ on $V$. In this paper, we calculate $ν_{G}(V)$ for $G$ of type $A_{\ell}$, $\ell \geq 16$, and $dim(V) \leq \frac{\ell^{3}}{2}$; for $G$ of type $B_{\e…
Let (G,V) be a regular prehomogeneous vector space (abbreviated to PV), where G is a connected reductive algebraic group over C. If $V= \oplus_{i=0}^{n}V_{i}$ is a decomposition of V into irreducible representations, then, in general, the PV's $(G,V_{i})$ are no longer regular. In this paper we introduce the notion of quasi-irreducible PV (abbreviated to Q-irreducible), and show first that for completely Q-reducible PV's, the Q-isotopic components are intrinsically defined, as in ordinary representation theory. We also show that, in an appropriate sense, any regular PV is a direct sum of quasi…
We give a complete description of the irreducible representations of algebraic fusions of association schemes, in terms of the irreducible representations of a Schur cover of the corresponding group of algebraic automorphisms.
We construct a moduli space for the connected subgroups of an algebraic group and the corresponding universal family. Morphisms from an algebraic variety to this moduli space correspond to flat families of connected algebraic subgroups parametrised by this variety. This moduli space is obtained by gluing together infinitely many irreducible projective varieties of bounded dimension along closed subvarieties. Regarding families of non-connected subgroups of an algebraic group, we show that, given sich a family, the corresponding family of identity components is an irreducible component of the f…
We study finite-dimensional representations of hyper loop algebras over non-algebraically closed fields. The main results concern the classification of the irreducible representations, the construction of the Weyl modules, base change, tensor products of irreducible and Weyl modules, and the block decomposition of the underlying abelian category. Several results are interestingly related to the study of irreducible representations of polynomial algebras and Galois theory.
We construct some irreducible representations of the Leavitt path algebra of an arbitrary quiver. The constructed representations are associated to certain algebraic branching systems. For a row-finite quiver, we classify algebraic branching systems, to which irreducible representations of the Leavitt path algebra are associated. For a certain quiver, we obtain a faithful completely reducible representation of the Leavitt path algebra. The twisted representations of the constructed ones under the scaling action are studied.
It is well known that using the weight lattice of type $E_6$, $P$, and the lattice construction for vertex operator algebras one can obtain all three level 1 irreducible $\tilde{g}$-modules with $V_P = V^{\Lamba_0} \oplus V^{\Lamba_1} \oplus V^{\Lamba_6}$. The Dynkin diagram of type $E_6$ has an order 2 automorphism, $τ$, which can be lifted to $\tilde{τ}$, a Lie algebra automorphism of $\tilde{g}$ of type $E_6^(1)$. The fixed points of $\tilde{τ}$ are a subalgebra $\tilde{a}$ of type $F_4^(1)$. The automorphism $τ$ lifts further to $\hat{τ}$ a vertex operator algebra automorphism of $V_P$. We…
For semisimple Lie superalgebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, whose category of finite dimensional super representations is semisismple, we classify all irreducible super representations for which the alternating or symmetric square representation is irreducible or decomposes into an irreducible representation and a trivial representation.
Let $\mathcal{R}$ be the Grothendieck ring of complex smooth finite-length representations of the sequence of p-adic groups $\{GL_n(F)\}_{n=0}^\infty$, with multiplication defined through parabolic induction. We study the problem of the decomposition of products of irreducible representations in $\mathcal{R}$. We obtain a necessary condition on irreducible factors of a given product by introducing a width invariant. Width $1$ representations form the previously studied class of ladder representations. We later focus on the case of a product of two ladder representations, for which we establish…
Let $K$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p\geqslant 0$ and let $Y=\mbox{Spin}_{2n+1}(K)$ $(n\geqslant 3)$ be a simply connected simple algebraic group of type $B_n$ over $K.$ Also let $X$ be the subgroup of type $D_n,$ embedded in $Y$ in the usual way, as the derived subgroup of the stabilizer of a non-singular one-dimensional subspace of the natural module for $Y.$ In this paper, we give a complete set of isomorphism classes of finite-dimensional, irreducible, rational $KY$-modules on which $X$ acts with exactly two composition factors.
In this paper, we classify the finite dimensional irreducible modules for affine BMW algebra over an algebraically closed field with arbitrary characteristic.
Character measure is a probability measure on irreducible representations of a semisimple Lie algebra. It appears from the decomposition into irreducibles of tensor power of a fundamental representation. In this paper we calculate the asymptotics of character measure on representations of so(2n+1) in the regime near the boundary of weight diagram. We find out that it converges to a Poisson-type distribution.
We express the multiplicities of the irreducible summands of certain tensor products of irreducible integrable modules for an affine Kac-Moody algebra over a simply laced Lie algebra as sums of multiplicities in appropriate excellent filtrations (Demazure flags). As an application, we obtain expressions for the outer multiplicities of tensor products of two fundamental modules for $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_2$ in terms of partitions with bounded parts, which subsequently lead to certain partition identities.
Let $G$ be a finite group, $H$ be a normal subgroup of prime index $p$. Let $F$ be a field of either characteristic $0$ or prime to $|G|$. Let $η$ be an irreducible $F$-representation of $H$. If $F$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic either $0$ or prime to $|G|$, then the induced representation $η\uparrow^{G}_{H}$ is either irreducible or a direct sum of $p$ pairwise inequivalent irreducible representations. In this paper, we show that if $F$ is not assumed algebraically closed field, then there are five possibilities in the decomposition of induced representation into irreduci…
Let L be a finite-dimensional Lie algebra over a field of non-zero characteristic. By a theorem of Jacobson, L has a finite-dimensional faithful module which is completely reducible. We show that if the field is not algebraically closed, then L has an irreducible such module. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for a finite-dimensional Lie algebra over an algebraically closed field of non-zero characteristic to have a faithful irreducible module.
There is a decomposition of a Lie algebra for open matrix chains akin to the triangular decomposition. We use this decomposition to construct unitary irreducible representations. All multiple meson states can be retrieved this way. Moreover, they are the only states with a finite number of non-zero quantum numbers with respect to a certain set of maximally commuting linearly independent quantum observables. Any other state is a tensor product of a multiple meson state and a state coming from a representation of a quotient algebra that extends and generalizes the Virasoro algebra. We expect the…
We construct an endoscopic decomposition for local L-packets associated to irreducible cuspidal Deligne-Lusztig representations. Moreover, the obtained decomposition is compatible with inner twistings.
We give a simple characterization of the highest weight vertices in the crystal graph of the level l Fock spaces. This characterization is based on the notion of totally periodic symbols viewed as affine analogues of reverse lattice words classically used in the decomposition of tensor products of fundamental $\mathfrak{sl}_{n}$-modules. This yields a combinatorial decomposition of the Fock spaces in their irreducible components and the branching law for the restriction of the irreducible highest weight $\mathfrak{sl}_{\infty}$-modules to $\hat{\mathfrak{sl}_{e}}$.
In the late 1980s, Premet conjectured that the nilpotent variety of any finite dimensional restricted Lie algebra over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$ is irreducible. This conjecture remains open, but it is known to hold for a large class of simple restricted Lie algebras, e.g. for Lie algebras of connected reductive algebraic groups, and for Cartan series $W, S$ and $H$. In this paper, with the assumption that $p>3$, we confirm this conjecture for the minimal $p$-envelope $W(1;n)_p$ of the Zassenhaus algebra $W(1;n)$ for all $n\geq 2$.
For any finite group G it is an interesting question to ask which ordinary irreducible representations of G remain irreducible in a given characteristic p. We answer this question for p=2 when G is the proper double cover of the alternating group. As a key ingredient in the proof, we prove a formula for the decomposition numbers in Rouquier blocks of double covers of symmetric groups, in terms of Schur P-functions.
We prove a closed character formula for the symmetric powers $S^N V(λ)$ of a fixed irreducible representation $V(λ)$ of a complex semi-simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ by means of partial fraction decomposition. The formula involves rational functions in rank of $\mathfrak{g}$ many variables which are easier to determine than the weight multiplicities of $S^N V(λ)$ themselves. We compute those rational functions in some interesting cases. Furthermore, we introduce a residue-type generating function for the weight multiplicities of $S^N V(λ)$ and explain the connections between our character f…
In this article a complete description is given of the simple representations of a 3-dimensional Sklyanin algebra associated to a torsion point. In order to determine these irreducible representations, a review is given of classical results regarding representation theory of graded rings with excellent homological and algebraic properties.
We prove a decomposition theorem for irreducible components of Grassmannians of submodules, as well as for other schemes arising from representation theory, thus generalising the result of Crawley-Boevey and Schroer for module varieties. The method is based on jet space calculations, using that the formation of direct sums induces a separable morphism of schemes.