23 pages. We added a proof of positivity and reality of the integral. We establish a relation with the results of Connes and Dubois Violette [7]. The main modifications are in the last section where we cut the results overlapping with [7] and we now compute the charge of the instanton projector for arbitrary even spheres (not just 4-dimensional). To appear in Lett. Math. Phys
We describe noncommutative geometric aspects of twisted deformations, in particular of the spheres in Connes and Landi [8] and in Connes and Dubois Violette [7], by using the differential and integral calculus on these spaces that is covariant under the action of their corresponding quantum symmetry groups. We start from multiparametric deformations of the orthogonal groups and related planes and spheres. We show that only in the twisted limit of these multiparametric deformations the covariant calculus on the plane gives by a quotient procedure a meaningful calculus on the sphere. In this calculus the external algebra has the same dimension of the classical one. We develop the Haar functional on spheres and use it to define an integral on forms. In the twisted limit (differently from the general multiparametric case) the Haar functional is a trace and we thus obtain a cycle on the algebra. Moreover we explicitely construct the *-Hodge operator on the space of forms on the plane and then by quotient on the sphere. We apply our results to even spheres and we compute the Chern-Connes pairing between the character of this cycle, i.e. a cyclic 2n-cocycle, and the instanton projector defined in [7].
We propose Weil and Cartan models for the equivariant cohomology of noncommutative spaces which carry a covariant action of Drinfel'd twisted symmetries. The construction is suggested by the noncommutative Weil algebra of Alekseev and Meinrenken; we show that one can implement a Drinfel'd twist of their models in order to take into account the noncommutativity of the spaces we are acting on.
By twisting the commutation relations between creation and annihilation operators, we show that quantum conformal invariance can be implemented in the 2-d Moyal plane. This is an explicit realization of an infinite dimensional symmetry as a quantum algebra.
We construct a five-parameter family of gauge-nonequivalent SU(2) instantons on a noncommutative four sphere $S_θ^4$ and of topological charge equal to -1. These instantons are critical points of a gauge functional and satisfy self-duality equations with respect to a Hodge star operator on forms on $S_θ^4$. They are obtained by acting with a twisted conformal symmetry on a basic instanton canonically associated with a noncommutative instanton bundle on the sphere. A completeness argument for this family is obtained by means of index theorems. The dimension of the ``tangent space'' to the modul…
We present examples of noncommutative four-spheres that are base spaces of $SU(2)$-principal bundles with noncommutative seven-spheres as total spaces. The noncommutative coordinate algebras of the four-spheres are generated by the entries of a projection which is invariant under the action of $SU(2)$. We give conditions for the components of the Connes--Chern character of the projection to vanish but the second (the top) one. The latter is then a non zero Hochschild cycle that plays the role of the volume form for the noncommutative four-spheres.
When considered as submanifolds of Euclidean space, the Riemannian geometry of the round sphere and the Clifford torus may be formulated in terms of Poisson algebraic expressions involving the embedding coordinates, and a central object is the projection operator, projecting tangent vectors in the ambient space onto the tangent space of the submanifold. In this note, we point out that there exist noncommutative analogues of these projection operators, which implies a very natural definition of noncommutative tangent spaces as particular projective modules. These modules carry an induced connec…
In order to investigate to what extent the calculus of classical (pseudo-)Riemannian manifolds can be extended to a noncommutative setting, we introduce pseudo-Riemannian calculi of modules over noncommutative algebras. In this framework, it is possible to prove an analogue of Levi-Civita's theorem, stating that there exists at most one torsion-free and metric connection for a given (metric) module, satisfying the requirements of a real metric calculus. Furthermore, the corresponding curvature operator has the same symmetry properties as the classical Riemannian curvature. As our main motivati…
We construct noncommutative principal fibrations S_θ^7 \to S_θ^4 which are deformations of the classical SU(2) Hopf fibration over the four sphere. We realize the noncommutative vector bundles associated to the irreducible representations of SU(2) as modules of coequivariant maps and construct corresponding projections. The index of Dirac operators with coefficients in the associated bundles is computed with the Connes-Moscovici local index formula. The algebra inclusion $A(S_θ^4) \into A(S_θ^7)$ is an example of a not trivial quantum principal bundle.
We construct a differential calculus over the noncommutative 4-sphere in the framework of pseudo-Riemannian calculi, and show that for every metric in a conformal class of perturbations of the round metric, there exists a unique metric and torsion-free connection. Furthermore, we find a localization of the projective module corresponding to the space of vector fields, which allows us to formulate a Gauss-Chern-Bonnet type theorem for the noncommutative 4-sphere.
A wide class of noncommutative spaces, including 4-spheres based on all the quantum 2-spheres and suspensions of matrix quantum groups is described. For each such space a noncommutative vector bundle is constructed. This generalises and clarifies various recent constructions of noncommutative 4-spheres.
We show that the noncommutative spheres of Connes and Landi are quantum homogeneous spaces for certain compact quantum groups. We give a general construction of homogeneous spaces which support noncommutative spin geometries.
Through techniques afforded by $C^*$-algebras and Hilbert modules, we study the topology of spaces which parametrize families of instanton gauge fields on noncommutative Euclidean four-spheres $S^4_σ$. By deforming the ADHM construction of instantons on the classical sphere $S^4$, we obtain families of instantons on the quantum sphere which are naturally parametrized by noncommutative topological spaces. Using the internal gauge theory of $S^4_σ$ determined by the inner automorphisms of its function algebra, we find that one may always recover a classical parameter space by making a suitable c…
We consider the Dirac operator of a general metric in the canonical conformal class on the noncommutative two torus, twisted by an idempotent (representing the $K$-theory class of a general noncommutative vector bundle), and derive a local formula for the Fredholm index of the twisted Dirac operator. Our approach is based on the McKean-Singer index formula, and explicit heat expansion calculations by making use of Connes' pseudodifferential calculus. As a technical tool, a new rearrangement lemma is proved to handle challenges posed by the noncommutativity of the algebra and the presence of an…
We report on some recent work on deformation of spaces, notably deformation of spheres, describing two classes of examples. The first class of examples consists of noncommutative manifolds associated with the so called $θ$-deformations which were introduced out of a simple analysis in terms of cycles in the $(b,B)$-complex of cyclic homology. These examples have non-trivial global features and can be endowed with a structure of noncommutative manifolds, in terms of a spectral triple $(\ca, \ch, D)$. In particular, noncommutative spheres $S^{N}_θ$ are isospectral deformations of usual spherical…
We construct new families of spectral triples over quantum spheres, with a particular attention focused on the standard Podles quantum sphere and twisted Dirac operators.
On the configuration space of projections in a noncommutative algebra, and for an automorphism of the algebra, we use a twisted Hochschild cocycle for an action functional, and a twisted cyclic cocycle for a topological term. The latter is Hochschild-cohomologous to the former and positivity in twisted Hochschild cohomology results into a lower bound for the action functional. While the equations for the critical points are rather complicate, the use of the positivity and the bound by the topological term leads to self-duality equations (thus yielding twisted noncommutative sigma-model soliton…
Physical considerations strongly indicate that spacetime at Planck scales is noncommutative. A popular model for such a spacetime is the Moyal plane. The Poincarè group algebra acts on it with a Drinfel'd-twisted coproduct. But the latter is not appropriate for more complicated spacetimes such as those containing the Friedman-Sorkin (topological) geons. They have rich diffeomorphism groups and in particular mapping class groups, so that the statistics groups for N identical geons is strikingly different from the permutation group $S_N$. We generalise the Drinfel'd twist to (essentially) generi…
In the absence of gauge fields, quantum field theories on the Groenewold-Moyal (GM) plane are invariant under a twisted action of the Poincare group if they are formulated following [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. In that formulation, such theories also have no UV-IR mixing [7]. Here we investigate UV-IR mixing in gauge theories with matter following the approach of [3, 4]. We prove that there is UV-IR mixing in the one-loop diagram of the S-matrix involving a coupling between gauge and matter fields on the GM plane, the gauge field being nonabelian. There is no UV-IR mixing if it is abelian.
Building on the now established presentation of the standard Podles sphere as an example of a noncommutative complex structure, we investigate how its classical Kahler geometry behaves under $q$-deformation. Discussed are noncommutative versions of Hodge decomposition, Lefschetz decomposition, the Kahler identities, and the refinement of de Rham cohomology by Dolbeault cohomology
We introduce and study two new examples of noncommutative spheres: the half-liberated sphere, and the free sphere. Together with the usual sphere, these two spheres have the property that the corresponding quantum isometry group is "easy", in the representation theory sense. We present as well some general comments on the axiomatization problem, and on the "untwisted" and "non-easy" case.
A one parameter set of noncommutative complex algebras is given. These may be considered deformation quantisation algebras. The commutative limit of these algebras correspond to the algebra of polynomial functions over a manifold or variety. The topology of the manifold or variety depends on the parameter, varying from nothing, to a point, a sphere, a certain variety and finally a torus. The irreducible adjoint preserving representations of the noncommutative algebras are studied. As well as typical noncommutative sphere type representations and noncommutative torus type representations, a new…
In this paper, we compute the entire cyclic cohomology of noncommutative 3-spheres. First of all, we verify the Mayer-Vietoris exact sequence of entire cyclic cohomology in the framework of Fréchet $^*$-algebras. Applying it to their noncommutative Heegaard decomposition, we deduce that their entire cyclic cohomology is isomorphic to the d'Rham homology of the ordinary 3-sphere with the complex coefficients.
The Noncommutative Index Theorem is used to prove that the Chern character of quantum Hopf line bundles over the standard Podles quantum sphere equals the winding number of the representations defining these bundles. This result gives an estimate of the positive cone of the algebraic $K_0$ of the standard quantum sphere.
The quantum flag manifold ${SU_q(3)/\mathbb{T}^2}$ is interpreted as a noncommutative bundle over the quantum complex projective plane with the quantum or Podleś sphere as a fibre. A connection arising from the (associated) quantum principal $U_q(2)$-bundle is described.
Noncommutative geometry of quantised contact spheres introduced by Omori, Maeda, Miyazaki and Yoshioka is studied. In particular it is proven that these spheres form a noncommutative Hopf fibration in the sense of Hopf-Galois extensions. The monopole (strong) connection is constructed, and projectors describing projective modules of all monopole charges are computed.
We present natural families of coordinate algebras of noncommutative products of Euclidean spaces. These coordinate algebras are quadratic ones associated with an R-matrix which is involutive and satisfies the Yang-Baxter equations. As a consequence they enjoy a list of nice properties, being regular of finite global dimension. Notably, we have eight-dimensional noncommutative euclidean spaces which are particularly well behaved and are deformations parametrised by a two-dimensional sphere. Quotients include noncommutative seven-spheres as well as noncommutative "quaternionic tori". There is i…
We analyse the moduli space and the structure of noncommutative 3-spheres. We develop the notion of central quadratic form for quadratic algebras, and prove a general algebraic result which considerably refines the classical homomorphism from a quadratic algebra to a cross-product algebra associated to the characteristic variety and lands in a richer cross-product. It allows to control the $C^\ast$-norm on involutive quadratic algebras and to construct the differential calculus in the desired generality. The moduli space of noncommutative 3-spheres is identified with equivalence classes of pai…
We discuss a general duality principle, between noncommutative analogues of the standard cube $\mathbb Z_2^N$, and nonocommutative analogues of the standard sphere $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R$. This duality is by construction of algebraic geometric nature, and conjecturally connects the corresponding quantum isometry groups, taken in an affine sense.
This paper contains detailed proofs of our results on the moduli space and the structure of noncommutative 3-spheres. We develop the notion of central quadratic form for quadratic algebras, and a general theory which creates a bridge between noncommutative differential geometry and its purely algebraic counterpart. It allows to construct a morphism from an involutive quadratic algebras to a C*-algebra constructed from the characteristic variety and the hermitian line bundle associated to the central quadratic form. We apply the general theory in the case of noncommutative 3-spheres and show th…
The sphere $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R$ has a half-liberated analogue $S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,*}$, and a free analogue $S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,+}$. This is a presentation of the construction and main properties of these noncommutative spheres, $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R\subset S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,*}\subset S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,+}$, and of their quantum isometry groups.
In the present work we review the twisted field construction of quantum field theory on noncommutative spacetimes based on twisted Poincaré invariance. We present the latest development in the field, in particular the notion of equivalence of such quantum field theories on a noncommutative spacetime, in this regard we work out explicitly the inequivalence between twisted quantum field theories on Moyal and Wick-Voros planes; the duality between deformations of the multiplication map on the algebra of functions on spacetime $\mathscr{F}(\mathbb{R}^4)$ and coproduct deformations of the Poincaré-…
The purpose of the paper is twofold: First, known results of the noncommutative spin geometry of the standard Podles sphere are extended by discussing Poincare duality and orientability. In the discussion of orientability, Hochschild homology is replaced by a twisted version which avoids the dimension drop. The twisted Hochschild cycle representing an orientation is related to the volume form of the distinguished covariant differential calculus. Integration over the volume form defines a twisted cyclic 2-cocycle which computes the q-winding numbers of quantum line bundles. Second, a "twisted" …
It is known that, under strong combinatorial axioms, $O_N\subset O_N^*\subset O_N^+$ are the only orthogonal quantum groups. We prove here similar results for the noncommutative spheres $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R\subset S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,*}\subset S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,+}$, the noncommutative projective spaces $P^{N-1}_\mathbb R\subset P^{N-1}_\mathbb C\subset P^{N-1}_+$, and the projective orthogonal quantum groups $PO_N\subset PO_N^*\subset PO_N^+$.
The real sphere $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R$ appears as increasing union, over $d\in\{1,...,N\}$, of its "polygonal" versions $S^{N-1,d-1}_\mathbb R=\{x\in S^{N-1}_\mathbb R|x_{i_0}... x_{i_d}=0,\forall i_0,...,i_d\ {\rm distinct}\}$. Motivated by general classification questions for the undeformed noncommutative spheres, smooth or not, we study here the quantum isometries of $S^{N-1,d-1}_\mathbb R$, and of its various noncommutative analogues, obtained via liberation and twisting. We discuss as well a complex version of these results, with $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R$ replaced by the complex sphere $S^{N-1}_\m…
Noncommutative analogues of n-dimensional balls are defined by repeated application of the quantum double suspension to the classical low-dimensional spaces. In the `even-dimensional' case they correspond to the Twisted Canonical Commutation Relations of Pusz and Woronowicz. Then quantum spheres are constructed as double manifolds of noncommutative balls. Both C*-algebras and polynomial algebras of the objects in question are defined and analyzed, and their relations with previously known examples are presented. Our construction generalizes that of Hajac, Matthes and Szymanski for `dimension 2…
This is a copy of the talk given at the conference ``Methods in Field Theory'' at Stara Lesna, The Slovak Republic, Sepemeber 22-26, 1997. An introduction to the noncommutative sphere and a summary of the results of articles q-alg/9703038 \cite{Gratus5}, and q-alg/9708003 \cite{Gratus6} is given. This includes results about the the algebra of scalar, spinor and vector fields on the noncommutative sphere. Possible extensions of these results including a ``Wick rotation'' to the one and two sheeted hyperboloid are also examined.
We introduce the notion of noncommutative complex spheres with partial commutation relations for the coordinates. We compute the corresponding quantum symmetry groups of these spheres, and this yields new quantum unitary groups with partial commutation relations. We also discuss some geometric aspects of the quantum orthogonal groups associated with the mixture of classical and free independence discovered by Speicher and Weber. We show that these quantum groups are quantum symmetry groups on some quantum spaces of spherical vectors with partial commutation relations.
We define noncommutative gerbes using the language of star products. Quantized twisted Poisson structures are discussed as an explicit realization in the sense of deformation quantization. Our motivation is the noncommutative description of D-branes in the presence of topologically non-trivial background fields.
Natsume-Olsen noncommutative spheres are C*-algebras which generalize C(S^k) when k is odd. These algebras admit natural actions by finite cyclic groups, and if one of these actions is fixed, any equivariant homomorphism between two Natsume-Olsen spheres of the same dimension induces a nontrivial map on odd K-theory. This result is an extended, noncommutative Borsuk-Ulam theorem in odd dimension, and just as in the topological case, this theorem has many (almost) equivalent formulations in terms of theta-deformed spheres of arbitrary dimension. In addition, we present theorems on graded Banach…
Noncommutative (NC) sphere is introduced as a quotient of the enveloping algebra of the Lie algebra su(2). Using the Cayley-Hamilton identities we introduce projective modules which are analogues of line bundles on the usual sphere (we call them quantum line bundles) and define a multiplicative structure in their family. Also, we compute a pairing between certain quantum line bundles and finite dimensional representations of the NC sphere in the spirit of the NC index theorem. A new approach to constructing the differential calculus on a NC sphere is suggested. The approach makes use of the pr…
The product of two Heisenberg-Weil algebras contains the Jordan-Schwinger representation of su(2). This Algebra is quotiented by the square-root of the Casimir to produce a non-associative algebra denoted by $Ψ$. This algebra may be viewed as the right-module over one of its associative subalgebras which corresponds to the algebra of scalar fields on the noncommutative sphere. It is now possible to interpret other subspaces as the space of spinor or vector fields on the noncommutative sphere. A natural basis of $Ψ$ is given which may be interpreted as the deformed entries in the rotation matri…
Crawley-Boevey introduced the definition of a noncommutative Poisson structure on an associative algebra A that extends the notion of the usual Poisson bracket. Let V be a symplectic manifold and G be a finite group of symplectimorphisms of V. Consider the twisted group algebra A=C[V]#G. We produce a counterexample to prove that it is not always possible to define a noncommutative poisson structure on C[V]#G that extends the Poisson bracket on C[V]^G.
We describe an approach to the noncommutative instantons on the 4-sphere based on quantum group theory. We quantize the Hopf bundle S^7 --> S^4 making use of the concept of quantum coisotropic subgroups. The analysis of the semiclassical Poisson--Lie structure of U(4) shows that the diagonal SU(2) must be conjugated to be properly quantized. The quantum coisotropic subgroup we obtain is the standard SU_q(2); it determines a new deformation of the 4-sphere Sigma^4_q as the algebra of coinvariants in S_q^7. We show that the quantum vector bundle associated to the fundamental corepresentation of …
We present a noncommutative (NC) version of the action for vielbein gravity coupled to gauge fields. Noncommutativity is encoded in a twisted star product between forms, with a set of commuting background vector fields defining the (abelian) twist. A first order action for the gauge fields avoids the use of the Hodge dual. The NC action is invariant under diffeomorphisms and twisted gauge transformations. The Seiberg-Witten map, adapted to our geometric setting and generalized for an arbitrary abelian twist, allows to re-express the NC action in terms of classical fields: the result is a defor…
The q-Legendre polynomials can be treated as some special "functions in the quantum double cosets $U(1)\setminus SU_q(2)/U(1)$". They form a family (depending on a parameter $q$) of polynomials in one variable. We get their further generalization by introducing a two parameter family of polynomials. If the former family arises from an algebra which is in a sense "q-commutative", the latter one is related to its noncommutative counterpart. We introduce also a two parameter deformation of the invariant integral on a sphere.
An infinite dimensional algebra which is a non-decomposable reducible representation of $su(2)$ is given. This algebra is defined with respect to two real parameters. If one of these parameters is zero the algebra is the commutative algebra of functions on the sphere, otherwise it is a noncommutative analogue. This is an extension of the algebra normally refered to as the (Berezin) quantum sphere or ``fuzzy'' sphere. A natural indefinite ``inner'' product and a basis of the algebra orthogonal with respect to it are given. The basis elements are homogenious polynomials, eigenvectors of a Laplac…
We show that the relations which define the algebras of the quantum Euclidean planes $\b{R}^N_q$ can be expressed in terms of projections provided that the unique central element, the radial distance from the origin, is fixed. The resulting reduced algebras without center are the quantum Euclidean spheres $S^{N-1}_q$. The projections $e=e^2=e^*$ are elements in $\Mat_{2^n}(S^{N-1}_q)$, with N=2n+1 or N=2n, and can be regarded as defining modules of sections of q-generalizations of monopoles, instantons or more general twisted bundles over the spheres. We also give the algebraic definition of n…
S. L. Woronowicz's theory of introducing C*-algebras generated by unbounded elements is applied to q-normal operators satisfying the defining relation of the quantum complex plane. The unique non-degenerate C*-algebra of bounded operators generated by a q-normal operator is computed and an abstract description is given by using crossed product algebras. If the spectrum of the modulus of the q-normal operator is the positive half line, this C*-algebra will be considered as the algebra of continuous functions on the quantum complex plane vanishing at infinity, and its unitization will be viewed …
A Dirac operator D on the standard Podles sphere is defined and investigated. It yields a spectral triple such that |D|^{-z} is of trace class for Re z>0. Commutators with the Dirac operator give the distinguished 2-dimensional covariant differential calculus on the standard Podles sphere. The twisted cyclic cocycle associated with the volume form of the differential calculus is expressed by means of the Dirac operator.
We study the quantum sphere $C_q[S^2]$ as a quantum Riemannian manifold in the quantum frame bundle approach. We exhibit its 2-dimensional cotangent bundle as a direct sum $Ω^{0,1}\oplusΩ^{1,0}$ in a double complex. We find the natural metric, volume form, Hodge * operator, Laplace and Maxwell operators. We show that the q-monopole as spin connection induces a natural Levi-Civita type connection and find its Ricci curvature and q-Dirac operator $D$. We find the possibility of an antisymmetric volume form quantum correction to the Ricci curvature and Lichnerowicz-type formulae for $D^2$. We als…
We continue the investigation of twisted homology theories in the context of dimension drop phenomena. This work unifies previous equivariant index calculations in twisted cyclic cohomology. We do this by proving the existence of the resolvent cocycle, a finitely summable analogue of the JLO cocycle, under weaker smoothness hypotheses and in the more general setting of `modular' spectral triples. As an application we show that using our twisted resolvent cocycle, we can obtain a local index formula for the Podles sphere. The resulting twisted cyclic cocycle has non-vanishing Hochschild class w…
A ``Wick rotation'' is applied to the noncommutative sphere to produce a noncommutative version of the hyperboloids. A harmonic basis of the associated algebra is given. It is noted that, for the one sheeted hyperboloid, the vector space for the noncommutative algebra can be completed to a Hilbert space, where multiplication is not continuous. A method of constructing noncommutative analogues of surfaces of rotation, examples of which include the paraboloid and the $q$-deformed sphere, is given. Also given are mappings between noncommutative surfaces, stereographic projections to the complex p…
We give new examples of noncommutative manifolds that are less standard than the NC-torus or Moyal deformations of $\Rb^n$. They arise naturally from basic considerations of noncommutative differential topology and have non-trivial global features. The new examples include the instanton algebra and the NC-4-spheres $S^4_θ$. The noncommutative algebras $\Ac=C^{\ify} (S^{4}_θ)$ of functions on NC-spheres are solutions to the vanishing, $ {\rm ch}_j (e) = 0, j < 2 $, of the Chern character in the cyclic homology of $\Ac$ of an idempotent $e \in M_4 (\Ac), e^2 = e, e = e^*$. The universal noncommu…
An algebraic framework for noncommutative bundles with (quantum) homogeneous fibres is proposed. The framework relies on the use of principal coalgebra extensions which play the role of principal bundles in noncommutative geometry which might be additionally equipped with a Hopf algebra symmetry. The proposed framework is supported by two examples of noncommutative $\mathbb{C} P_q^1$-bundles: the quantum flag manifold viewed as a bundle with a generic Podleś sphere as a fibre, and the quantum twistor bundle viewed as a bundle over the quantum 4-sphere of Bonechi, Ciccoli and Tarlini.
The quantum disc is used to define a noncommutative analogue of a dense coordinate chart and of left-invariant vector fields on quantum SU(2). This yields two twisted Dirac operators for different twists that are related by a gauge transformation and have bounded twisted commutators with a suitable algebra of differentiable functions on quantum SU(2).
We calculate the twisted Hochschild and cyclic homology (in the sense of Kustermans, Murphy and Tuset) of all Podles quantum spheres relative to arbitary automorphisms. Our calculations are based on a free resolution due to Masuda, Nakagami and Watanabe. The dimension drop in Hochschild homology can be overcome by twisting by automorphisms induced from the canonical modular automorphism associated to the Haar state on quantum SU(2). We specialize our results to the standard quantum sphere, and identify the class in twisted cyclic cohomology of the 2-cocycle discovered by Schmuedgen and Wagner …
