A wide class of noncommutative spaces, including 4-spheres based on all the quantum 2-spheres and suspensions of matrix quantum groups is described. For each such space a noncommutative vector bundle is constructed. This generalises and clarifies various recent constructions of noncommutative 4-spheres.
Using principles of quantum symmetries we derive the algebraic part of the real spectral triple data for the standard Podleś quantum sphere: equivariant representation, chiral grading $γ$, reality structure $J$ and the Dirac operator $D$, which has bounded commutators with the elements of the algebra and satisfies the first order condition.
We propose a slight modification of the properties of a spectral geometry a la Connes, which allows for some of the algebraic relations to be satisfied only modulo compact operators. On the equatorial Podles sphere we construct suq2-equivariant Dirac operator and real structure which satisfy these modified properties.
We give a new definition of dimension spectrum for non-regular spectral triples and compute the exact (i.e. non only the asymptotics) heat-trace of standard Podles spheres $S^2_q$ for $0<q<1$, study its behavior when $q\to 1$ and fully compute its exact spectral action for an explicit class of cut-off functions.
The fundamental Hochschild cohomology class of the standard Podles quantum sphere is expressed in terms of the spectral triple of Dabrowski and Sitarz by means of a residue formula.
Building on the now established presentation of the standard Podles sphere as an example of a noncommutative complex structure, we investigate how its classical Kahler geometry behaves under $q$-deformation. Discussed are noncommutative versions of Hodge decomposition, Lefschetz decomposition, the Kahler identities, and the refinement of de Rham cohomology by Dolbeault cohomology
The dual coalgebra of Podleś' quantum sphere O_q(S^2_c) is determined explicitly. This result is used to classify all finite dimensional covariant first order differential calculi over O_q(S^2_c) for all but exceptional values of the parameter c.
Hilbert space representations of the cross product *-algebra of the Hopf *-algebra U_q(su_2) and its module *-algebras O(S^2_{qc}) of Podles' spheres are studied. Two classes of representations are described by explicit formulas for the actions of the generators.
The cup and cap product in twisted Hochschild (co)homology is computed for the standard quantum 2-sphere and used to construct a cyclic 2-cocycle that represents the fundamental Hochschild class.
We give an explicit form of the symplectic groupoid that integrates the semiclassical standard Podles sphere. We show that Sheu's groupoid, whose convolution C*-algebra quantizes the sphere, appears as the groupoid of the Bohr-Sommerfeld leaves of a (singular) real polarization of the symplectic groupoid. By using a complex polarization we recover the convolution algebra on the space of polarized sections. We stress the role of the modular class in the definition of the scalar product in order to get the correct quantum space.
A Dirac operator D on the standard Podles sphere is defined and investigated. It yields a spectral triple such that |D|^{-z} is of trace class for Re z>0. Commutators with the Dirac operator give the distinguished 2-dimensional covariant differential calculus on the standard Podles sphere. The twisted cyclic cocycle associated with the volume form of the differential calculus is expressed by means of the Dirac operator.
It is shown that the isospectral bi-equivariant spectral triple on quantum SU(2) and the isospectral equivariant spectral triples on the Podles spheres are related by restriction. In this approach, the equatorial Podles sphere is distinguished because only in this case the restricted spectral triple admits an equivariant grading operator together with a real structure (up to infinitesimals of arbitrary high order). The real structure is expressed by the Tomita operator on quantum SU(2) and it is shown that the failure of the real structure to satisfy the commutant property is related to the fa…
We show that the family of Podles' spheres is complete under equivariant Morita equivalence (with respect to the action of quantum SU(2)), and determine the associated orbits. We also give explicit formulas for the actions which are equivariantly Morita equivalent with the quantum projective plane. In both cases, the computations are made by examining the localized spectral decomposition of a generalized Casimir element.
For $μ\in (0,1), c> 0,$ we identify the quantum group $SO_μ(3)$ as the universal object in the category of compact quantum groups acting by `orientation and volume preserving isometries' in the sense of \cite{goswami2} on the natural spectral triple on the Podles sphere $S^2_{μ, c}$ constructed by Dabrowski, D'Andrea, Landi and Wagner in \cite{Dabrowski_et_al}.
We construct spectral triples on all Podles quantum spheres. These noncommutative geometries are equivariant for a left action of $U_q(su(2))$ and are regular, even and of metric dimension 2. They are all isospectral to the undeformed round geometry of the 2-sphere. There is also an equivariant real structure for which both the commutant property and the first order condition for the Dirac operators are valid up to infinitesimals of arbitrary order.
Starting with the braided quantum group $\operatorname{SU}_q(2)$ for a complex deformation parameter $q$ we perform the construction of the quotient $\operatorname{SU}_q(2)/\mathbb{T}$ which serves as a model of a quantum sphere. Then we follow the reasoning of Podleś who for real $q$ classified quantum spaces with the action of $\operatorname{SU}_q(2)$ with appropriate spectral properties. These properties can also be expressed in the context of the braided quantum $\operatorname{SU}_q(2)$ (with complex $q$) and we find that they lead to precisely the same family of quantum spaces as found by…
We calculate the twisted Hochschild and cyclic homology (in the sense of Kustermans, Murphy and Tuset) of all Podles quantum spheres relative to arbitary automorphisms. Our calculations are based on a free resolution due to Masuda, Nakagami and Watanabe. The dimension drop in Hochschild homology can be overcome by twisting by automorphisms induced from the canonical modular automorphism associated to the Haar state on quantum SU(2). We specialize our results to the standard quantum sphere, and identify the class in twisted cyclic cohomology of the 2-cocycle discovered by Schmuedgen and Wagner …
We continue the investigation of twisted homology theories in the context of dimension drop phenomena. This work unifies previous equivariant index calculations in twisted cyclic cohomology. We do this by proving the existence of the resolvent cocycle, a finitely summable analogue of the JLO cocycle, under weaker smoothness hypotheses and in the more general setting of `modular' spectral triples. As an application we show that using our twisted resolvent cocycle, we can obtain a local index formula for the Podles sphere. The resulting twisted cyclic cocycle has non-vanishing Hochschild class w…
We discuss spectral properties of the equatorial Podles sphere. As a preparation we also study the `degenerate' (i.e. $q=0$) case (related to the quantum disk). We consider two different spectral triples: one related to the Fock representation of the Toeplitz algebra and the isopectral one. After the identification of the smooth pre-$C^*$-algebra we compute the dimension spectrum and residues. We check the nontriviality of the (noncommutative) Chern character of the associated Fredholm modules by computing the pairing with the fundamental projector of the $C^*$-algebra (the nontrivial generato…
We construct new families of spectral triples over quantum spheres, with a particular attention focused on the standard Podles quantum sphere and twisted Dirac operators.
The purpose of the paper is twofold: First, known results of the noncommutative spin geometry of the standard Podles sphere are extended by discussing Poincare duality and orientability. In the discussion of orientability, Hochschild homology is replaced by a twisted version which avoids the dimension drop. The twisted Hochschild cycle representing an orientation is related to the volume form of the distinguished covariant differential calculus. Integration over the volume form defines a twisted cyclic 2-cocycle which computes the q-winding numbers of quantum line bundles. Second, a "twisted" …
Hilbert space representations of the cross product *-algebras of the Hopf *-algebra U_q(su_2) and its module *-algebras O(S^2_{qr}) of Podles spheres are investigated and classified by describing the action of generators. The representations are analyzed within two approaches. It is shown that the Hopf *-algebra O(SU_q(2)) of the quantum group SU_q(2) decomposes into an orthogonal sum of projective Hopf modules corresponding to irreducible integrable *-representations of the cross product algebras and that each irreducible integrable *-representation appears with multiplicity one. The projecti…
Whereas the classical sphere $C P^1$ can be defined as the coordinate algebra generated by the matrix entries of a projector $e$ with $\trace(e)=1$, the fuzzy-sphere is defined in the same way by $\trace(e)=1+λ$. We show that the standard $q$-sphere is similarly defined by $\trace_q(e)=1$ and the Podles 2-spheres by $\trace_q(e)=1+λ$, thereby giving a unified point of view in which the 2-parameter Podles spheres are $q$-fuzzy spheres. We show further that they arise geometrically as `constant time slices' of the unit hyperboloid in $q$-Minkowski space viewed as the braided group $B_q[SU_2]$. T…
We define the $C^*$-algebra of quantum real projective space $\R P_q^2$, classify its irreducible representations and compute its $K$-theory. We also show that the $q$-disc of Klimek-Lesniewski can be obtained as a non-Galois $\Z_2$-quotient of the equator Podleś quantum sphere. On the way, we provide the Cartesian coordinates for all Podleś quantum spheres and determine an explicit form of isomorphisms between the $C^*$-algebras of the equilateral spheres and the $C^*$-algebra of the equator one.
Using non canonical braidings, we first introduce a notion of symmetric tensors and corresponding Hodge operators on a class of left covariant 3d differential calculi over the quantum SU(2) group, then we induce Hodge operators on the left covariant 2d exterior algebras over the standard Podles quantum sphere.
We define even dimensional quantum spheres Sigma_q^2n that generalize to higher dimension the standard quantum two-sphere of Podle's and the four-sphere Sigma_q^4 obtained in the quantization of the Hopf bundle. The construction relies on an iterated Poisson double suspension of the standard Podle's two-sphere. The Poisson spheres that we get have the same symplectic foliation consisting of a degenerate point and a symplectic plane and, after quantization, have the same C^*-algebraic completion. We investigate their K-homology and K-theory by introducing Fredholm modules and projectors.
We study a three-dimensional differential calculus on the standard Podles quantum two-sphere S^2_q, coming from the Woronowicz 4D+ differential calculus on the quantum group SU_q(2). We use a frame bundle approach to give an explicit description of the space of forms on S^2_q and its associated spin geometry in terms of a natural spectral triple over S^2_q. We equip this spectral triple with a real structure for which the commutant property and the first order condition are satisfied up to infinitesimals of arbitrary order.
The quantum flag manifold ${SU_q(3)/\mathbb{T}^2}$ is interpreted as a noncommutative bundle over the quantum complex projective plane with the quantum or Podleś sphere as a fibre. A connection arising from the (associated) quantum principal $U_q(2)$-bundle is described.
The Noncommutative Index Theorem is used to prove that the Chern character of quantum Hopf line bundles over the standard Podles quantum sphere equals the winding number of the representations defining these bundles. This result gives an estimate of the positive cone of the algebraic $K_0$ of the standard quantum sphere.
We construct the action of the quantum double of $\uq$ on the standard Podleś sphere and interpret it as the quantum projective formula generalizing to the q-deformed setting the action of the Lorentz group of global conformal transformations on the ordinary Riemann sphere.
It is shown that the non-commutative three-sphere introduced by Matsumoto is a total space of the quantum Hopf bundle over the classical two-sphere. A canonical connection is constructed, and is shown to coincide with the standard Dirac magnetic monopole.
We develop the noncommutative geometry (bundles, connections etc.) associated to algebras that factorise into two subalgebras. An example is the factorisation of matrices $M_2(\C)=\C\Z_2\cdot\C\Z_2$. We also further extend the coalgebra version of theory introduced previously, to include frame resolutions and corresponding covariant derivatives and torsions. As an example, we construct $q$-monopoles on all the Podleś quantum spheres $S^2_{q,s}$.
We describe the quantum sphere of Podleś for $c=0$ by means of a stereographic projection which is analogous to that which exhibits the classical sphere as a complex manifold. We show that the algebra of functions and the differential calculus on the sphere are covariant under the coaction of fractional transformations with \SU coefficients as well as under the action of \SU vector fields. Going to the classical limit we obtain the Poisson sphere. Finally, we study the invariant integration of functions on the sphere and find its relation with the translationally invariant integration on the c…
This paper presents an analysis of the set of connections and covariant derivatives on a U(1) quantum Hopf bundle on the standard Podles sphere, whose total space quantum SU(2) is equipped with the 3d left covariant differential calculus by Woronowicz. The introduction of a Hodge duality on the exterior algebras on both total and base space of the bundle allows for the study of Laplacians and of gauged Laplacians.
We consider two Z/2Z-actions on the Podles generic quantum spheres. They yield, as noncommutative quotient spaces, the Klimek-Lesniewski q-disc and the quantum real projective space, respectively. The C*-algebras of all these quantum spaces are described as graph C*-algebras. The K-groups of the thus presented C*-algebras are then easily determined from the general theory of graph C*-algebras. For the quantum real projective space, we also recall the classification of the classes of irreducible *-representations of its algebra and give a linear basis for this algebra.
The recent result of Brown and Zhang establishing Poincare duality in the Hochschild (co)homology of a large class of Hopf algebras is extended to right coideal subalgebras over which the Hopf algebra is faithfully flat, and applied to the standard Podles quantum 2-sphere.
The generalized coherent states for quantum groups introduced by Jurco and Stovicek are studied for the simplest example SU_q(2) in full detail. It is shown that the normalized SU_q(2) coherent states enjoy the property of completeness, and allow a resolution of the unity. This feature is expected to play a key role in application of these coherent states in physical models. The homogeneous space of SU_q(2), i.e. the q-sphere of Podles, is reproduced in complex coordinates by using the coherent states. Differential calculus in the complex form on the homogeneous space is developed. High spin l…
An algebraic framework for noncommutative bundles with (quantum) homogeneous fibres is proposed. The framework relies on the use of principal coalgebra extensions which play the role of principal bundles in noncommutative geometry which might be additionally equipped with a Hopf algebra symmetry. The proposed framework is supported by two examples of noncommutative $\mathbb{C} P_q^1$-bundles: the quantum flag manifold viewed as a bundle with a generic Podleś sphere as a fibre, and the quantum twistor bundle viewed as a bundle over the quantum 4-sphere of Bonechi, Ciccoli and Tarlini.
We propose in this paper the construction of non-commutative Chern characters of the C*-algebras of spheres and quantum spheres. The final computation gives us a clear relation with the ordinary Z/(2)-graded Chern characters of tori or their normalizers.
This paper contains detailed proofs of our results on the moduli space and the structure of noncommutative 3-spheres. We develop the notion of central quadratic form for quadratic algebras, and a general theory which creates a bridge between noncommutative differential geometry and its purely algebraic counterpart. It allows to construct a morphism from an involutive quadratic algebras to a C*-algebra constructed from the characteristic variety and the hermitian line bundle associated to the central quadratic form. We apply the general theory in the case of noncommutative 3-spheres and show th…
To some Hecke symmetries (i.e. Yang-Baxter braidings of Hecke type) we assign algebras called braided non-commutative spheres. For any such algebra, we introduce and compute a q-analog of the Chern-Connes index. Unlike the standard Chern-Connes index, ours is based on the so-called categorical trace specific for a braided category in which the algebra in question is represented.
These are expanded notes for a short course given at the Universidad Nacional de La Plata. They aim at giving a self-contained account of the results of Alain Connes and Michel Dubois--Violette.
We study covariant differential calculus on the quantum spheres S_q^{N-1} which are quantum homogeneous spaces with coactions of the quantum groups O_q(N). The first part of the paper is devoted to first order differential calculus. A classification result is proved which says that for N>=6 there exist exactly two covariant first order differential calculi on S_q^{N-1} which satisfy the classification constraint that the bimodule of one-forms is generated as a free left module by the differentials of the generators of S_q^{N-1}. Both calculi exist also for 3<=N<=5. The same calculi can be cons…
Using the corepresentation of the quantum group $ SL_q(2)$ a general method for constructing noncommutative spaces covariant under its coaction is developed. The method allows us to treat the quantum plane and Podleś' quantum spheres in a unified way and to construct higher dimensional noncommutative spaces systematically. Furthermore, we extend the method to the quantum supergroup $ OSp_q(1|2).$ In particular, a one-parameter family of covariant algebras, which may be interpreted as noncommutative superspheres, is constructed.
The Podles quantum sphere S^2_q admits a natural commutative C*-subalgebra I_q with spectrum {0} \cup {q^{2k}: k = 0,1,2,...}, which may therefore be considered as a quantised version of a classical interval. We study here the compact quantum metric space structure on I_q inherited from the corresponding structure on S^2_q, and provide an explicit formula for the metric induced on the spectrum. Moreover, we show that the resulting metric spaces vary continuously in the deformation parameter q with respect to the Gromov-Hausdorff distance, and that they converge to a classical interval of lengt…
We recall a construction of non-commutative algebras related to a one-parameter family of (deformed) spheres and tori, and show that in the case of tori, the *-algebras can be completed into C*-algebras isomorphic to the standard non-commutative torus. As the former was constructed in the context of matrix (or fuzzy) geometries, it provides an important link to the framework of non-commutative geometry, and opens up for a concrete way to study deformations of non-commutative tori. Furthermore, we show how the well-known fuzzy sphere and fuzzy torus can be obtained as formal scaling limits of f…
We analyze the expansion of the fuzzy sphere non-commutative product in powers of the non-commutativity parameter. To analyze this expansion we develop a graphical technique that uses spin networks. This technique is potentially interesting in its own right as introducing spin networks of Penrose into non-commutative geometry. Our analysis leads to a clarification of the link between the fuzzy sphere non-commutative product and the usual deformation quantization of the sphere in terms of the star-product.
We find a substantial class of pairs of $*$-homomorphisms between graph C*-algebras of the form $C^*(E)\hookrightarrow C^*(G)\twoheadleftarrow C^*(F)$ whose pullback C*-algebra is an AF graph C*-algebra. Our result can be interpreted as a recipe for determining the quantum space obtained by shrinking a quantum subspace. There is a variety of examples from noncommutative topology, such as quantum complex projective spaces (including the standard Podleś quantum sphere) or quantum teardrops, that instantiate the result. Furthermore, to go beyond AF graph C*-algebras, we consider extensions of gra…
A method of constructing covariant differential calculi on a quantum homogeneous space is devised. The function algebra X of the quantum homogeneous space is assumed to be a left coideal of a coquasitriangular Hopf algebra H and to contain the coefficients of any matrix over H which is the two-sided inverse of one with entries in X. The method is based on partial derivatives. For the quantum sphere of Podles and the quantizations of symmetric spaces due to Noumi, Dijkhuizen and Sugitani the construction produces the subcalculi of the standard bicovariant calculus on the quantum group.
Non-commutative connections of the second type or hom-connections and associated integral forms are studied as generalisations of right connections of Manin. First, it is proven that the existence of hom-connections with respect to the universal differential graded algebra is tantamount to the injectivity, and that every finitely cogenerated injective module admits a hom-connection with respect to any differential graded algebra. The bulk of the paper is devoted to describing a method of constructing hom-connections from twisted multi-derivations. The notion of a free twisted multi-derivation …
We give a non-commutative Positivstellensatz for CP^n: The (commutative) *-algebra of polynomials on the real algebraic set CP^n with the pointwise product can be realized by phase space reduction as the U(1)-invariant polynomials on C^{1+n}, restricted to the real (2n+1)-sphere inside C^{1+n}, and Schmüdgen's Positivstellensatz gives an algebraic description of the real-valued U(1)-invariant polynomials on CP^n that are strictly pointwise positive on the sphere. In analogy to this commutative case, we consider a non-commutative *-algebra of polynomials on C^{1+n}, the Weyl algebra, and give a…
A one parameter set of noncommutative complex algebras is given. These may be considered deformation quantisation algebras. The commutative limit of these algebras correspond to the algebra of polynomial functions over a manifold or variety. The topology of the manifold or variety depends on the parameter, varying from nothing, to a point, a sphere, a certain variety and finally a torus. The irreducible adjoint preserving representations of the noncommutative algebras are studied. As well as typical noncommutative sphere type representations and noncommutative torus type representations, a new…
The q-Legendre polynomials can be treated as some special "functions in the quantum double cosets $U(1)\setminus SU_q(2)/U(1)$". They form a family (depending on a parameter $q$) of polynomials in one variable. We get their further generalization by introducing a two parameter family of polynomials. If the former family arises from an algebra which is in a sense "q-commutative", the latter one is related to its noncommutative counterpart. We introduce also a two parameter deformation of the invariant integral on a sphere.
An infinite dimensional algebra which is a non-decomposable reducible representation of $su(2)$ is given. This algebra is defined with respect to two real parameters. If one of these parameters is zero the algebra is the commutative algebra of functions on the sphere, otherwise it is a noncommutative analogue. This is an extension of the algebra normally refered to as the (Berezin) quantum sphere or ``fuzzy'' sphere. A natural indefinite ``inner'' product and a basis of the algebra orthogonal with respect to it are given. The basis elements are homogenious polynomials, eigenvectors of a Laplac…
We study relations between different kinds of non-commutative spheres which have appeared in the context of ADS/CFT correspondences recently, emphasizing the connections between spaces that have manifest quantum group symmetry and spaces that have manifest classical symmetry. In particular we consider the quotient $SU_q(2)/U(1)$ at roots of unity, and find its relations with the fuzzy sphere with manifest classical SU(2) symmetry. Deformation maps between classical and quantum symmetry, the $U_q(SU(2))$ module structure of quantum spheres and the structure of indecomposable representations of …