A one parameter set of noncommutative complex algebras is given. These may be considered deformation quantisation algebras. The commutative limit of these algebras correspond to the algebra of polynomial functions over a manifold or variety. The topology of the manifold or variety depends on the parameter, varying from nothing, to a point, a sphere, a certain variety and finally a torus. The irreducible adjoint preserving representations of the noncommutative algebras are studied. As well as typical noncommutative sphere type representations and noncommutative torus type representations, a new object is discovered and called a Sphere-Torus.
We give an interpretation of the Bargman transform as a correspondence between state spaces that is analogous to commonly considered intertwiners in representation theory of finite groups. We observe that the non-commutative torus is nothing else that the range of the star-exponential for the Heisenberg group within the Kirillov's orbit method context. We deduce from this a realization of the non-commutative torus as acting on a Fock space of entire functions.
Building on the now established presentation of the standard Podles sphere as an example of a noncommutative complex structure, we investigate how its classical Kahler geometry behaves under $q$-deformation. Discussed are noncommutative versions of Hodge decomposition, Lefschetz decomposition, the Kahler identities, and the refinement of de Rham cohomology by Dolbeault cohomology
In this paper we study the moduli space of standard holomorphic structures on a noncommutative complex two torus. It will be shown that the moduli space is naturally identified with the moduli space of stable bundles on an elliptic curve. We also propose that the mirror reflection of the noncommutative complex torus is the mirror reflection of the elliptic curve together with a linear foliation. From this we identify the moduli space of super cycles on the mirror reflection with the moduli space of standard holomorphic bundles on a noncommutative complex torus.
The quantum flag manifold ${SU_q(3)/\mathbb{T}^2}$ is interpreted as a noncommutative bundle over the quantum complex projective plane with the quantum or Podleś sphere as a fibre. A connection arising from the (associated) quantum principal $U_q(2)$-bundle is described.
The noncommutative A-ideal of a knot is a generalization of the A-polynomial, defined using Kauffman bracket skein modules. In this paper we show that any knot that has the same noncommutative A-ideal as the (2,2p+1)-torus knot has the same colored Jones polynomials. This is a consequence of the orthogonality relation, which yields a recursive relation for computing all colored Jones polynomials of the knot.
We compute the Wodzicki residue of the inverse of a conformally rescaled Laplace operator over a 4-dimensional noncommutative torus. We show that the straightforward generalization of the Laplace-Beltrami operator to the noncommutative case is not the minimal operator.
We show that the Kauffman bracket skein module of a cylinder over the torus embeds as a subalgebra of the noncommutative torus. Using this we derive nice formulas for the Jones-Wenzl idempotents and analyze the structure of the Kauffman bracket skein module of the unknot as a module over the Kauffman bracket skein module of a cylinder over the torus.
We find and classify possible equivariant spin structures with Dirac operators on the noncommutative torus, proving that similarly as in the classical case the spectrum of the Dirac operator depends on the spin structure.
We classify spin structures on the noncommutative torus, and find that the noncommutative n-torus has 2^n spin structures, corresponding to isospectral deformations of spin structures on the commutative n-torus. For n>3 the classification depends on Connes' spin manifold theorem. In addition, we study unitary equivalences of these spin structures.
We compute the scalar curvature of a curved noncommutative 3-torus. To perturb the flat metric, the standard volume form on the noncommutative 3-torus is conformally perturbed and the corresponding perturbed Laplacian is analyzed. Using Connes' pseudodifferential calculus for the noncommutative 3-torus, we explicitly compute the first three terms of the small time heat kernel expansion for the perturbed Laplacian. The third term of the expansion gives a local formula for the scalar curvature. Finally, we show that in the classical limit when the deformation parameters vanish, our formula coinc…
Noncommutative (NC) sphere is introduced as a quotient of the enveloping algebra of the Lie algebra su(2). Using the Cayley-Hamilton identities we introduce projective modules which are analogues of line bundles on the usual sphere (we call them quantum line bundles) and define a multiplicative structure in their family. Also, we compute a pairing between certain quantum line bundles and finite dimensional representations of the NC sphere in the spirit of the NC index theorem. A new approach to constructing the differential calculus on a NC sphere is suggested. The approach makes use of the pr…
We introduce a family of spectral triples that describe the curved noncommutative two-torus. The relevant family of new Dirac operators is given by rescaling one of two terms in the flat Dirac operator. We compute the dressed scalar curvature and show that the Gauss-Bonnet theorem holds (which is not covered by the general result of Connes and Moscovici).
In this paper, we initiate the study of a parametrised version of Rieffel's strict deformation quantization. We apply it to give a classification of noncommutative principal torus bundles, in terms of parametrised strict deformation quantization of ordinary principal torus bundles. The paper also contains a putative definition of noncommutative non-principal torus bundles.
In this paper we show that the value at zero of the zeta function of the Laplacian on the non-commutative two torus, endowed with its canonical conformal structure, is independent of the choice of the volume element (Weyl factor) given by a (non-unimodular) state. We had obtained, in the late eighties, in an unpublished computation, a general formula for this value at zero involving modified logarithms of the modular operator of the state. We give here the detailed computation and prove that the result is independent of the Weyl factor as in the classical case, thus proving the analogue of the…
Spectral triples over noncommutative principal $\T^n$-bundles are studied, extending recent results about the noncommutative geometry of principal U(1)-bundles. We relate the noncommutative geometry of the total space of the bundle with the geometry of the base space. Moreover, strong connections are used to build new Dirac operators. We discuss as a particular case the commutative case, the noncommutative tori and theta deformed manifolds.
We construct the join of noncommutative Galois objects (quantum torsors) over a Hopf algebra H. To ensure that the join algebra enjoys the natural (diagonal) coaction of H, we braid the tensor product of the Galois objects. Then we show that this coaction is principal. Our examples are built from the noncommutative torus with the natural free action of the classical torus, and arbitrary anti-Drinfeld doubles of finite-dimensional Hopf algebras. The former yields a noncommutative deformation of a non-trivial torus bundle, and the latter a finite quantum covering.
For quantum torus generated by unitaries $UV = e(θ)VU$ there exist nontrivial strong Morita autoequivalences in case when $θ$ is real quadratic irrationality. A.Polishchuk introduced and studied the graded ring of holomorphic sections of powers of the respective bimodule (depending on the choice of a complex structure). We consider a Segre square of this ring whose graded components are spanned by Rieffel scalar products of Polishchuk's holomorphic vectors. These graded components are linear spaces of quantum theta functions in sense of Yu.Manin.
We study the homogeneous coordinate rings of real multiplication noncommutative tori as defined by A. Polishchuk. Our aim is to understand how these rings give rise to an arithmetic structure on the noncommutative torus. We start by giving an explicit presentation of these rings in terms of their natural generators. This presentation gives us information about the rationality of the rings and is the starting point for the analysis of the corresponding geometric data. Linear bases for these rings are also discussed. The basic role played by theta functions in these computations gives relations …
We show that the noncommutative spheres of Connes and Landi are quantum homogeneous spaces for certain compact quantum groups. We give a general construction of homogeneous spaces which support noncommutative spin geometries.
We compute the curvature of the determinant line bundle on a family of Dirac operators for a noncommutative two torus. Following Quillen's original construction for Riemann surfaces and using zeta regularized determinant of Laplacians, one can endow the determinant line bundle with a natural Hermitian metric. By using an analogue of Kontsevich-Vishik canonical trace, defined on Connes' algebra of classical pseudodifferential symbols for the noncommutative two torus, we compute the curvature form of the determinant line bundle by computing the second variation $δ_{w}δ_{\bar{w}}\log\det(Δ)$.
The twined almost commutative structure of the standard spectral triple on the noncommutative torus with rational parameter is exhibited, by showing isomorphisms with a spectral triple on the algebra of sections of certain bundle of algebras, and a spectral triple on a certain invariant subalgebra of the product algebra. These isomorphisms intertwine also the grading and real structure. This holds for all four inequivalent spin structures, which are explicitly constructed in terms of double coverings of the noncommutative torus (with arbitrary real parameter). These results are extended also t…
We describe how and to what extent the noncommutative two-torus can be approximated by a tower of finite-dimensional matrix geometries. The approximation is carried out for both irrational and rational deformation parameters by embedding the algebra of the noncommutative torus into an approximately finite algebra. The construction is a rigorous derivation of the recent discretizations of noncommutative gauge theories using finite dimensional matrix models, and it shows precisely how the continuum limits of these models must be taken. We clarify various aspects of Morita equivalence using this …
We introduce and study two new examples of noncommutative spheres: the half-liberated sphere, and the free sphere. Together with the usual sphere, these two spheres have the property that the corresponding quantum isometry group is "easy", in the representation theory sense. We present as well some general comments on the axiomatization problem, and on the "untwisted" and "non-easy" case.
We study perturbations of the flat geometry of the noncommutative two-dimensional torus T^2_θ(with irrational θ). They are described by spectral triples (A_θ, \H, D), with the Dirac operator D, which is a differential operator with coefficients in the commutant of the (smooth) algebra A_θof T_θ. We show, up to the second order in perturbation, that the zeta-function at 0 vanishes and so the Gauss-Bonnet theorem holds. We also calculate first two terms of the perturbative expansion of the corresponding local scalar curvature.
In this paper we study the category of standard holomorphic vector bundles on a noncommutative two-torus. We construct a functor from the derived category of such bundles to the derived category of coherent sheaves on an elliptic curve and prove that it induces an equivalence with the subcategory of stable objects. By the homological mirror symmetry for elliptic curves this implies an equivalence between the derived category of holomorphic bundles on a noncommutative two-torus and the Fukaya category of the corresponding symplectic (commutative) torus.
The Noncommutative Index Theorem is used to prove that the Chern character of quantum Hopf line bundles over the standard Podles quantum sphere equals the winding number of the representations defining these bundles. This result gives an estimate of the positive cone of the algebraic $K_0$ of the standard quantum sphere.
We give a local expression for the {\it scalar curvature} of the noncommutative two torus $ A_θ = C(\mathbb{T}_θ^2)$ equipped with an arbitrary translation invariant complex structure and Weyl factor. This is achieved by evaluating the value of the (analytic continuation of the) {\it spectral zeta functional} $ζ_a(s): = \text{Trace}(a \triangle^{-s})$ at $s=0$ as a linear functional in $a \in C^{\infty}(\mathbb{T}_θ^2)$. A new, purely noncommutative, feature here is the appearance of the {\it modular automorphism group} from the theory of type III factors and quantum statistical mechanics in t…
We discuss a general duality principle, between noncommutative analogues of the standard cube $\mathbb Z_2^N$, and nonocommutative analogues of the standard sphere $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R$. This duality is by construction of algebraic geometric nature, and conjecturally connects the corresponding quantum isometry groups, taken in an affine sense.
The sphere $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R$ has a half-liberated analogue $S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,*}$, and a free analogue $S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,+}$. This is a presentation of the construction and main properties of these noncommutative spheres, $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R\subset S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,*}\subset S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,+}$, and of their quantum isometry groups.
The methods of spectral geometry are useful for investigating the metric aspects of noncommutative geometry and in these contexts require extensive use of pseudo-differential operators. In a foundational paper, Connes showed that, by direct analogy with the theory of pseudo-differential operators on $\mathbb R^n$, one may derive a similar pseudo-differential calculus on noncommutative $n$ tori $\mathbb T_θ^n$, and with the development of this calculus came many results concerning the local differential geometry of noncommutative tori for $n=2,4$, as shown in the groundbreaking paper in which t…
We present examples of noncommutative four-spheres that are base spaces of $SU(2)$-principal bundles with noncommutative seven-spheres as total spaces. The noncommutative coordinate algebras of the four-spheres are generated by the entries of a projection which is invariant under the action of $SU(2)$. We give conditions for the components of the Connes--Chern character of the projection to vanish but the second (the top) one. The latter is then a non zero Hochschild cycle that plays the role of the volume form for the noncommutative four-spheres.
We prove the analogue of the Riemann-Roch formula for the noncommutative two torus $ A_θ = C(\mathbb{T}_θ^2)$ equipped with an arbitrary translation invariant complex structure and a Weyl factor represented by a positive element $k\in C^{\infty}(\mathbb{T}_θ^2)$. We consider a topologically trivial line bundle equipped with a general holomorphic structure and the corresponding twisted Dolbeault Laplacians. We define an spectral triple ($A_θ, \mathcal{H}, D)$ that encodes the twisted Dolbeault complex of $ A_θ$ and whose index gives the left hand side of the Riemann-Roch formula. Using Connes' …
It is known that, under strong combinatorial axioms, $O_N\subset O_N^*\subset O_N^+$ are the only orthogonal quantum groups. We prove here similar results for the noncommutative spheres $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R\subset S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,*}\subset S^{N-1}_{\mathbb R,+}$, the noncommutative projective spaces $P^{N-1}_\mathbb R\subset P^{N-1}_\mathbb C\subset P^{N-1}_+$, and the projective orthogonal quantum groups $PO_N\subset PO_N^*\subset PO_N^+$.
In this paper, we compute the entire cyclic cohomology of noncommutative 3-spheres. First of all, we verify the Mayer-Vietoris exact sequence of entire cyclic cohomology in the framework of Fréchet $^*$-algebras. Applying it to their noncommutative Heegaard decomposition, we deduce that their entire cyclic cohomology is isomorphic to the d'Rham homology of the ordinary 3-sphere with the complex coefficients.
The real sphere $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R$ appears as increasing union, over $d\in\{1,...,N\}$, of its "polygonal" versions $S^{N-1,d-1}_\mathbb R=\{x\in S^{N-1}_\mathbb R|x_{i_0}... x_{i_d}=0,\forall i_0,...,i_d\ {\rm distinct}\}$. Motivated by general classification questions for the undeformed noncommutative spheres, smooth or not, we study here the quantum isometries of $S^{N-1,d-1}_\mathbb R$, and of its various noncommutative analogues, obtained via liberation and twisting. We discuss as well a complex version of these results, with $S^{N-1}_\mathbb R$ replaced by the complex sphere $S^{N-1}_\m…
Noncommutative analogues of n-dimensional balls are defined by repeated application of the quantum double suspension to the classical low-dimensional spaces. In the `even-dimensional' case they correspond to the Twisted Canonical Commutation Relations of Pusz and Woronowicz. Then quantum spheres are constructed as double manifolds of noncommutative balls. Both C*-algebras and polynomial algebras of the objects in question are defined and analyzed, and their relations with previously known examples are presented. Our construction generalizes that of Hajac, Matthes and Szymanski for `dimension 2…
We define a noncommutative residue for classical Euclidean pseudodifferential operators on a torus of arbitrary dimension. We prove that, up to multiplication by a constant, it is the unique trace on the algebra of classical pseudodifferential operators modulo infinitely smoothing operators. In the case of the two torus, we show that the noncommutative residue is the semiclassical limit of a noncommutative residue defined on classical pseudodifferential operators on noncommutative two tori.
This is a copy of the talk given at the conference ``Methods in Field Theory'' at Stara Lesna, The Slovak Republic, Sepemeber 22-26, 1997. An introduction to the noncommutative sphere and a summary of the results of articles q-alg/9703038 \cite{Gratus5}, and q-alg/9708003 \cite{Gratus6} is given. This includes results about the the algebra of scalar, spinor and vector fields on the noncommutative sphere. Possible extensions of these results including a ``Wick rotation'' to the one and two sheeted hyperboloid are also examined.
This is the second in a series of papers intended to set up a framework to study categories of modules in the context of non-commutative geometries. In \cite{mem} we introduced the basic DG category $\Pc_{\A^\bullet}$, the perfect category of $\A^\bullet$, which corresponded to the category of coherent sheaves on a complex manifold. In this paper we enlarge this category to include objects which correspond to quasi-coherent sheaves. We then apply this framework to proving an equivalence of categories between derived categories on the noncommutative complex torus and on a holomorphic gerbe on t…
We introduce the notion of noncommutative complex spheres with partial commutation relations for the coordinates. We compute the corresponding quantum symmetry groups of these spheres, and this yields new quantum unitary groups with partial commutation relations. We also discuss some geometric aspects of the quantum orthogonal groups associated with the mixture of classical and free independence discovered by Speicher and Weber. We show that these quantum groups are quantum symmetry groups on some quantum spaces of spherical vectors with partial commutation relations.
We construct a differential calculus over the noncommutative 4-sphere in the framework of pseudo-Riemannian calculi, and show that for every metric in a conformal class of perturbations of the round metric, there exists a unique metric and torsion-free connection. Furthermore, we find a localization of the projective module corresponding to the space of vector fields, which allows us to formulate a Gauss-Chern-Bonnet type theorem for the noncommutative 4-sphere.
The product of two Heisenberg-Weil algebras contains the Jordan-Schwinger representation of su(2). This Algebra is quotiented by the square-root of the Casimir to produce a non-associative algebra denoted by $Ψ$. This algebra may be viewed as the right-module over one of its associative subalgebras which corresponds to the algebra of scalar fields on the noncommutative sphere. It is now possible to interpret other subspaces as the space of spinor or vector fields on the noncommutative sphere. A natural basis of $Ψ$ is given which may be interpreted as the deformed entries in the rotation matri…
The q-Legendre polynomials can be treated as some special "functions in the quantum double cosets $U(1)\setminus SU_q(2)/U(1)$". They form a family (depending on a parameter $q$) of polynomials in one variable. We get their further generalization by introducing a two parameter family of polynomials. If the former family arises from an algebra which is in a sense "q-commutative", the latter one is related to its noncommutative counterpart. We introduce also a two parameter deformation of the invariant integral on a sphere.
An infinite dimensional algebra which is a non-decomposable reducible representation of $su(2)$ is given. This algebra is defined with respect to two real parameters. If one of these parameters is zero the algebra is the commutative algebra of functions on the sphere, otherwise it is a noncommutative analogue. This is an extension of the algebra normally refered to as the (Berezin) quantum sphere or ``fuzzy'' sphere. A natural indefinite ``inner'' product and a basis of the algebra orthogonal with respect to it are given. The basis elements are homogenious polynomials, eigenvectors of a Laplac…
A wide class of noncommutative spaces, including 4-spheres based on all the quantum 2-spheres and suspensions of matrix quantum groups is described. For each such space a noncommutative vector bundle is constructed. This generalises and clarifies various recent constructions of noncommutative 4-spheres.
The scalar curvature for the noncommutative four torus $\mathbb{T}_Θ^4$, where its flat geometry is conformally perturbed by a Weyl factor, is computed by making the use of a noncommutative residue that involves integration over the 3-sphere. This method is more convenient since it does not require the rearrangement lemma and it is advantageous as it explains the simplicity of the final functions of one and two variables, which describe the curvature with the help of a modular automorphism. In particular, it readily allows to write the function of two variables as the sum of a finite differenc…
Natsume-Olsen noncommutative spheres are C*-algebras which generalize C(S^k) when k is odd. These algebras admit natural actions by finite cyclic groups, and if one of these actions is fixed, any equivariant homomorphism between two Natsume-Olsen spheres of the same dimension induces a nontrivial map on odd K-theory. This result is an extended, noncommutative Borsuk-Ulam theorem in odd dimension, and just as in the topological case, this theorem has many (almost) equivalent formulations in terms of theta-deformed spheres of arbitrary dimension. In addition, we present theorems on graded Banach…
We construct a new gauge theory on a pair of d-dimensional noncommutative tori. The latter comes from an intimate relationship between the noncommutative geometry associated with a lattice vertex operator algebra A and the noncommutative torus. We show that the (truncated) tachyon subalgebra of A is naturally isomorphic to a class of twisted modules representing quantum deformations of the algebra of functions on the torus. We construct the corresponding even real spectral triples and determine their Morita equivalence classes using string duality arguments. These constructions yield simple pr…
When considered as submanifolds of Euclidean space, the Riemannian geometry of the round sphere and the Clifford torus may be formulated in terms of Poisson algebraic expressions involving the embedding coordinates, and a central object is the projection operator, projecting tangent vectors in the ambient space onto the tangent space of the submanifold. In this note, we point out that there exist noncommutative analogues of these projection operators, which implies a very natural definition of noncommutative tangent spaces as particular projective modules. These modules carry an induced connec…
It is known that the physics of open strings on a D2-brane on a two-torus is realized from the viewpoint of deformation quantization in the Seiberg-Witten limit. We study its T-dual theory, i.e. D1-brane physics on two-tori. Such theory is described by Kronecker foliation. The algebra of open strings on the D1-brane is then identified with the crossed product representation of a noncommutative two-torus. The Morita equivalence of noncommutative two-tori is also realized geometrically along this line. As an application, Heisenberg modules and the tensor product between them are discussed from t…
The spectral eta function for certain families of Dirac operators on noncommutative $3$-torus is considered and the regularity at zero is proved. By using variational techniques, we show that $η_{D}(0)$ is a conformal invariant. By studying the Laurent expansion at zero of $\text{TR} (|D|^{-z})$, the conformal invariance of $ζ'_{|D|}(0)$ for noncommutative $3$-torus is proved. Finally, for the coupled Dirac operator, a local formula for the variation $\partial_Aη_{D+A}(0)$ is derived which is the analogue of the so called induced Chern-Simons term in quantum field theory literature.
We compute the Picard group $ Pic(A_q) $ of the noncommutative algebraic 2-torus $A_q$, describe its action on the space $ R(A_q) $ of isomorphism classes of rk 1 projective modules and classify the algebras Morita equivalent to $ A_q $. Our computations are based on a quantum version of the Calogero-Moser correspondence relating projective $A_q$-modules to irreducible representations of the double affine Hecke algebras (DAHA) $ H_{t, q^{-1/2}}(S_n) $ at $ t = 1 $. We show that, under this correspondence, the action of $ Pic(A_q) $ on $ R(A_q) $ agrees with the action of $ SL_2(Z) $ on $ H_{t,…
In order to investigate to what extent the calculus of classical (pseudo-)Riemannian manifolds can be extended to a noncommutative setting, we introduce pseudo-Riemannian calculi of modules over noncommutative algebras. In this framework, it is possible to prove an analogue of Levi-Civita's theorem, stating that there exists at most one torsion-free and metric connection for a given (metric) module, satisfying the requirements of a real metric calculus. Furthermore, the corresponding curvature operator has the same symmetry properties as the classical Riemannian curvature. As our main motivati…
We construct noncommutative principal fibrations S_θ^7 \to S_θ^4 which are deformations of the classical SU(2) Hopf fibration over the four sphere. We realize the noncommutative vector bundles associated to the irreducible representations of SU(2) as modules of coequivariant maps and construct corresponding projections. The index of Dirac operators with coefficients in the associated bundles is computed with the Connes-Moscovici local index formula. The algebra inclusion $A(S_θ^4) \into A(S_θ^7)$ is an example of a not trivial quantum principal bundle.
S. L. Woronowicz's theory of introducing C*-algebras generated by unbounded elements is applied to q-normal operators satisfying the defining relation of the quantum complex plane. The unique non-degenerate C*-algebra of bounded operators generated by a q-normal operator is computed and an abstract description is given by using crossed product algebras. If the spectrum of the modulus of the q-normal operator is the positive half line, this C*-algebra will be considered as the algebra of continuous functions on the quantum complex plane vanishing at infinity, and its unitization will be viewed …
We study the quantum sphere $C_q[S^2]$ as a quantum Riemannian manifold in the quantum frame bundle approach. We exhibit its 2-dimensional cotangent bundle as a direct sum $Ω^{0,1}\oplusΩ^{1,0}$ in a double complex. We find the natural metric, volume form, Hodge * operator, Laplace and Maxwell operators. We show that the q-monopole as spin connection induces a natural Levi-Civita type connection and find its Ricci curvature and q-Dirac operator $D$. We find the possibility of an antisymmetric volume form quantum correction to the Ricci curvature and Lichnerowicz-type formulae for $D^2$. We als…
