We study periodicity conditions of a rational map on $\bm{C}^d$ with $p$ invariants and show that a set of isolated periodic points and an algebraic variety of finife dimension do not exist in one map simultaneously if $p\ge d/2$. We also discuss in detail how the transition takes place between them.
A relationship between the tetrahedron equation for maps and the consistency property of integrable discrete equations on $\mathbb{Z}^3$ is investigated. Our approach is a generalization of a method developed in the context of Yang-Baxter maps, based on the invariants of symmetry groups of the lattice equations. The method is demonstrated by a case-by-case analysis of the octahedron type lattice equations classified recently, leading to some new examples of tetrahedron maps and integrable coupled lattice equations.
In this paper we present novel integrable symplectic maps, associated with ordinary difference equations, and show how they determine, in a remarkably diverse manner, the integrability, including Lax pairs and the explicit solutions, for integrable partial difference equations which are the discrete counterparts of integrable partial differential equations of Korteweg-de Vries-type (KdV-type). As a consequence it is demonstrated that several distinct Hamiltonian systems lead to one and the same difference equation by means of the Liouville integrability framework. Thus, these integrable symple…
In a recent paper by the author (K. Yagasaki, Nonintegrability of the restricted three-body problem, submitted for publication), a technique was developed for determining whether nearly integrable systems are not meromorphically Bogoyavlenskij-integrable such that the first integrals and commutative vector fields also depend meromorphically on the small parameter. Here we continue to demonstrate the technique for some classes of dynamical systems. In particular, we consider time-periodic perturbations of single-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian systems and discuss a relationship of the technique w…
An argument is given to associate integrable nonintegrable transition of discrete maps with the transition of Lawvere's fixed point theorem to its own contrapositive. We show that the classical description of nonlinear maps is neither complete nor totally predictable.
For every quantized Lie algebra there exists a map from the tensor square of the algebra to itself, which by construction satisfies the set-theoretic Yang-Baxter equation. This map allows one to define an integrable discrete quantum evolution system on quadrilateral lattices, where local degrees of freedom (dynamical variables) take values in a tensor power of the quantized Lie algebra. The corresponding equations of motion admit the zero curvature representation. The commuting Integrals of Motion are defined in the standard way via the Quantum Inverse Problem Method, utilizing Baxter's famous…
The main goal of the first part of the paper is to show that the Fermi curve of a two-dimensional periodic Schrödinger operator with nonnegative potential whose points parameterize the Bloch solutions of the Shrödinger equation at the zero energy level is a smooth $M$-curve. Moreover, it is shown that the poles of the Bloch solutions are located on the fixed ovals of an antiholomorphic involution so that each but one oval contains precisely one pole. The topological type is stable until, at some value of the deformation parameter, the zero level becomes an eigenlevel for the Schrödinger operat…
We give a construction of completely integrable 4-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with cubic Hamilton functions. Applying to the corresponding pairs of commuting quadratic Hamiltonian vector fields the so called Kahan-Hirota-Kimura discretization scheme, we arrive at pairs of birational 4-dimensional maps. We show that these maps are symplectic with respect to a symplectic structure that is a perturbation of the standard symplectic structure on $\mathbb R^4$, and possess two independent integrals of motion, which are perturbations of the original Hamilton functions. Thus, these maps are comple…
Addendum: Level Spacings for Integrable Quantum Maps in Genus Zero
在本附录中，我们在多项式相位的情况下加强了math-ph/0002010的结果。证明了2-球面上某些可积量子映射的关联函数对的Cesaro平均在N层上几乎总是趋于Poisson（一致极限）.量子映射是哈密顿量的指数，其形式为a p（I）+ b I，其中I是作用量，其中p是多项式，a，b是两个实数。我们证明了对于任何这样的家庭和几乎所有的a，b，对相关趋于泊松平均在N。结果涉及指数和的Weyl估计和连分式的新度量结果。他们的动机是比较的结果math-ph/0002010与一些独立的结果对相关的分数部分的多项式Rudnick-Sarnak。
In the present note, we uncover a remarkable connection between the length of periodic orbit of a classical particle enclosed in a class of 2-dimensional planar billiards and the energy of a quantum particle confined to move in an identical region with infinitely high potential wall on the boundary. We observe that the quantum energy spectrum of the particle is in exact one-to-one correspondence with the spectrum of the amplitude squares of the periodic orbits of a classical particle for the class of integrable billiards considered. We have established the results by geometric constructions an…
We present a systematic technique to find explicit solutions of birational maps, provided that these solutions are given in terms of elliptic functions. The two main ingredients are: (i) application of classical addition theorems for elliptic functions, and (ii) experimental technique to detect an algebraic curve containing a given sequence of points in a plane. These methods are applied to Kahan-Hirota-Kimura discretizations of the periodic Volterra chains with 3 and 4 particles.
In (1+1)-dimensional quantum field theory, integrability is typically defined as the existence of an infinite number of local charges of different Lorentz spin, which commute with the Hamiltonian. A well known consequence of integrability is that scattering of particles is elastic and factorizable. These properties are the basis for the bootstrap program, which leads to the exact computation of S-matrices and form factors. We consider periodically-driven field theories, whose stroboscopic time-evolution is described by a Floquet Hamiltonian. It was recently proposed by Gritsev and Polkovnikov …
Integrable curl-force Hamiltonians: bi-Hamiltonian structure, separability, and periodic orbits
Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University（东北大学物质材料研究高等研究院）；Department of Mathematics, City St George’s, University of London（伦敦大学城市圣乔治学院数学系）
We introduce a two-parameter family of birational maps, which reduces to a family previously found by Demskoi, Tran, van der Kamp and Quispel (DTKQ) when one of the parameters is set to zero. The study of the singularity confinement pattern for these maps leads to the introduction of a tau function satisfying a homogeneous recurrence which has the Laurent property, and the tropical (or ultradiscrete) analogue of this homogeneous recurrence confirms the quadratic degree growth found empirically by Demskoi et al. We prove that the tau function also satisfies two different bilinear equations, eac…
We demonstrate the existence of special phantom excitations for open and periodically closed integrable systems at the example of the $XXZ$ Heisenberg spin chain. The phantom excitations do not contribute to the energy of the Bethe state and correspond to special solutions to the Bethe Ansatz equations with infinite "phantom" Bethe roots. The phantom Bethe roots lead to degeneracies between different magnetization sectors in the periodic case and to the appearance of spin helix states (SHS), i.e. periodically modulated states of chiral nature in both open and closed systems. For the periodic c…
In this paper we study the Klein-Gordon (KG) lattice with periodic boundary conditions. It is an $N$ degrees of freedom Hamiltonian system with linear inter-site forces and nonlinear on-site potential, which here is taken to be of the $ϕ^4$ form. First, we prove that the system in consideration is non-integrable in Liuville sense. The proof is based on the Morales-Ramis theory. Next, we deal with the resonant Birkhoff normal form of the KG Hamiltonian, truncated to order four. Due to the choice of potential, the periodic KG lattice shares the same set of discrete symmetries as the periodic Fer…
We study the existence of real-analytic first integrals and real-analytic integrability for perturbations of integrable systems in the sense of Bogoyavlenskij including non-Hamiltonian ones. We especially assume that there exists a family of periodic orbits on a regular level set of the first integrals having a connected and compact component and give sufficient conditions for nonexistence of the same number of real-analytic first integrals in the perturbed systems as the unperturbed ones and for their real-analytic nonintegrability near the level set such that the first integrals and commutat…
Université Paris-Saclay（巴黎萨克雷大学）；CEA（法国原子能及替代能源委员会）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Institut de physique théorique（理论物理研究所）；CRM Centre de Recherches Mathématiques de Montréal（蒙特利尔数学研究中心）
We give a construction of completely integrable $(2m)$-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with cubic Hamilton functions. The construction depends on a constant skew-Hamiltonian matrix $A$, that is, a matrix satisfying $A^{\rm T}J=JA$, where $J$ is a non-degenerate skew-symmetric matrix defining the standard symplectic structure on the phase space $\mathbb R^{2m}$. Applying to any such system the so called Kahan-Hirota-Kimura discretization scheme, we arrive at a birational $(2m)$-dimensional map. We show that this map is symplectic with respect to a symplectic structure that is a perturbation of …
We give a construction of completely integrable ($2n$)-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with symplectic brackets of the Lie-Poisson type (linear in coordinates) and with quadratic Hamilton functions. Applying to any such system the so called Kahan-Hirota-Kimura discretization scheme, we arrive at a birational ($2n$)-dimensional map. We show that this map is symplectic with respect to a symplectic structure that is a perturbation of the original symplectic structure on $\mathbb R^{2n}$, and possesses $n$ independent integrals of motion, which are perturbations of the original Hamilton functions …
Recently, an integrable system of coupled (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equations was introduced by Fokas (eq. (18) in Nonlinearity 29}, 319324 (2016)). Following this pattern, two integrable equations [eqs.2 and 3] with specific parity-time symmetry are introduced here, under different reduction conditions. For eq. 2, two kinds of periodic solutions are obtained analytically by means of the Hirota's bilinear method. In the long-wave limit, the two periodic solutions go over into rogue waves (RWs) and semi-rational solutions, respectively. The RWs have a line shape, while the s…
We study transverse stability and instability of one-dimensional small-amplitude periodic traveling waves of a generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with respect to two-dimensional perturbations, which are either periodic or square-integrable in the direction of the propagation of the underlying one-dimensional wave and periodic in the transverse direction. We obtain transverse instability results in KP-fKdV, KP-ILW, and KP-Whitham equations. Moreover, assuming the spectral stability of one-dimensional wave with respect to one-dimensional square-integrable periodic perturbations, we obta…
