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arXiv 2303.00514math.DS
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扩张Thurston映射的基态与周期轨道

Ground states and periodic orbits for expanding Thurston maps

Zhiqiang Li, Yiwei Zhang

AI总结:

本文研究扩张Thurston映射的最大化测度与基态,证明典型周期优化猜想成立,并推广到Misiurewicz–Thurston有理映射。

摘要:

扩张Thurston映射构成拓扑2-球面$S^{2}$上的一类分支覆盖映射,它们是某些非一致扩张有理映射的拓扑模型,最初由W. P. Thurston、M. Bonk、D. Meyer、P. Haïssinsky和K. M. Pilgrim研究,无需任何光滑性或全纯性假设。这些作者研究了这些映射的最大熵测度和绝对连续不变测度,第一作者则研究了平衡态。本文中,我们首次研究两类新的不变测度,即最大化测度和基态,并建立了Livšic定理、局部Anosov闭包引理,并对这些映射的遍历优化中的典型周期优化猜想给出了肯定回答。作为应用,我们在黎曼球面上对Misiurewicz–Thurston有理映射(即无周期临界点的后临界有限有理映射)建立了这些结果,包括关于球面度量的Lattès映射。我们的策略依赖于上述作者发展的视觉度量。特别地,我们在第一个非一致扩张背景下验证了典型周期优化猜想,证明对于一般的Hölder连续势,存在唯一的最大化测度,而且该测度支撑在周期轨道上,满足锁定性质,并且是唯一的基态。我们考虑的扩张Thurston映射包括那些不与有理映射拓扑共轭的映射;特别地,它们可以具有周期临界点。

英文摘要:

Expanding Thurston maps form a class of branched covering maps on the topological $2$-sphere $S^{2}$, which are topological models of some non-uniformly expanding rational maps without any smoothness or holomorphicity assumption initially investigated by W. P. Thurston, M. Bonk, D. Meyer, P. Haïssinsky, and K. M. Pilgrim. The measures of maximal entropy and the absolutely continuous invariant measures for these maps have been studied by these authors, and equilibrium states by the first-named author. In this paper, we initiate the investigation on two new classes of invariant measures, namely, the maximizing measures and ground states, and establish the Livšic theorem, a local Anosov closing lemma, and give a positive answer to the Typically Periodic Optimization Conjecture from ergodic optimization for these maps. As an application, we establish these results for Misiurewicz--Thurston rational maps (i.e., postcritically-finite rational maps without periodic critical points) on the Riemann sphere including the Lattès maps with respect to the spherical metric. Our strategy relies on the visual metrics developed by the above authors. In particular, we verify, in a first non-uniformly expanding setting, the Typically Periodic Optimization Conjecture, establishing that for a generic Hölder continuous potential, there exists a unique maximizing measure, moreover, this measure is supported on a periodic orbit, it satisfies the locking property, and it is the unique ground state. The expanding Thurston maps we consider include those that are not topologically conjugate to rational maps; in particular, they can have periodic critical points.

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