Armando Castro, Krerley Oliveira, Vilton Pinheiro
We prove that, under a mild condition on the hyperbolicity of its periodic points, a map $g$ which is topologically conjugated to a hyperbolic map (respectively, an expanding map) is also a hyperbolic map (respectively, an expanding map). In particular, this result gives a partial positive answer for a question done by A. Katok, in a related context.
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We study shadowing property for a partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism $f$. It is proved that if $f$ is dynamically coherent then any pseudotrajectory can be shadowed by a pseudotrajectory with "jumps" along the central foliation. The proof is based on the Tikhonov-Shauder fixed point theorem.
J. Mather characterized uniform hyperbolicity of a discrete dynamical system as equivalent to invertibility of an operator on the set of all sequences bounded in norm in the tangent bundle of an orbit. We develop a similar characterization of nonuniform hyperbolicity and show that it is equivalent to invertibility of the same operator on a larger, Fréchet space. We apply it to obtain a condition for a diffeomorphism on the boundary of the set of Anosov diffeomorphisms to be nonuniformly hyperbolic. Finally we generalise the Shadowing lemma in the same context.
It is rather well-known that hyperbolic operators have the shadowing property. In the setting of finite dimensional Banach spaces, having the shadowing property is equivalent to being hyperbolic. In 2018, Bernardes et al. constructed an operator with the shadowing property which is not hyperbolic, settling an open question. In the process, they introduced a class of operators which has come to be known as generalized hyperbolic operators. This class of operators seems to be an important bridge between hyperbolicity and the shadowing property. In this article, we show that for a large natural c…
We prove that the geodesic flow on closed surfaces displays a hyperbolic set if the shadowing property holds C2-robustly on the metric. Similar results are obtained when considering even feeble properties like the weak shadowing and the specification properties. Despite the Hamiltonian nature of the geodesic flow, the arguments in the present paper differ completely from those used in [5] for Hamiltonian systems.
We study various types of shadowing properties and their implication for C1 generic vector fields. We show that, generically, any of the following three hypotheses implies that an isolated set is topologically transitive and hyperbolic: (i) the set is chain transitive and satisfies the (classical) shadowing property, (ii) the set satisfies the limit shadowing property, or (iii) the set satisfies the (asymptotic) shadowing property with the additional hypothesis that stable and unstable manifolds of any pair of critical orbits intersect each other. In our proof we essentially rely on the proper…
Shadowing and hyperbolicity for linear delay difference equations
本文证明线性延迟差分方程在半轴上的正跟踪性蕴含双曲性，从而对有限延迟非自治方程和无限延迟Volterra差分方程建立二者等价。
Beyond topological hyperbolicity: the L-shadowing property
本文研究紧空间动力系统的L-阴影性质，证明结构稳定微分同胚和部分伪Anosov微分同胚满足该性质，并借助谱分解、拓扑半马蹄及正有限可扩性给出其刻画与推论。
Shadowing, Hyers--Ulam stability and hyperbolicity for nonautonomous linear delay differential equations
本文证明了对具有一致有界系数的非自治线性延迟微分方程，双曲性、Hyers--Ulam稳定性和阴影性三者等价，并通过例子说明有界性假设的必要性。
Hyperbolicity, transitivity and the two-sided limit shadowing property
本文刻画了闭流形上具有双侧极限伪轨跟踪性质的微分同胚，证明其C^1内部及通有情形均为传递Anosov微分同胚，从而将Anosov传递性猜想归结为该性质与Anosov性质的等价性。
Bi-shadowing of Quasi-semi-hyperbolic Pseudo-orbit
本文引入准半超双曲伪轨道的概念，证明在误差足够小时，准半超双曲性蕴含准双曲性，并展示了有限和无限的准双曲伪轨道均具有双影子性质，从而确立了周期性。
Shadowing and Topological Stability via Generalized Pseudo-Hyperbolicity in Autonomous and Nonautonomous Linear Dynamics
本文提出广义伪双曲性概念，证明其对巴拿赫空间上可逆有界线性算子序列等价于阴影性与拓扑稳定性，并在自治情形下简化了等价条件，同时证明了稳健性。
Continuum-wise hyperbolicity, periodic shadowing, and measures of maximal entropy
本文证明具有联合连续稳定/不稳定叶层的cw-双曲同胚满足周期阴影性质，且在拓扑混合时满足周期规范性质，并讨论将Bowen技术应用于获得最大熵测度的困难，给出Walter伪Anosov微分同胚和Sierpiński地毯上同胚的唯一最大熵测度。
On Generalized Hyperbolicity, Stability, and Shadowing for Linear Operators
该研究明确了巴拿赫空间上线性动力系统的伪双曲性与拓扑稳定性等的蕴含关系，得到四类概念等价的条件，还构造反例解决了线性动力学的一个公开问题。
Resolving the generalized hyperbolicity conjecture for shadowing
该研究通过构造反例证明，关于跟踪性的广义双曲性猜想在一般巴拿赫空间上不成立，但在可分希尔伯特空间上成立，明确了两类空间的差异源于满射与右可逆的间隙。
Shadowing and Hyperbolicity for Endomorphisms of Locally Compact Groups
利用左一致性，研究局部紧群连续自同态的阴影性，对李群给出无穷小刻画：自同态有阴影性当且仅当其微分是双曲的，并推导出拓扑扩张、正扩张、拓扑Anosov等性质的等价性。
Generalized Hyperbolicity, Stability and Expansivity for Operators on Locally Convex Spaces
本文研究局部凸空间上算子的广义双曲性、拓扑稳定性与拓扑扩张性，建立其与有限跟踪、严格周期跟踪、混沌及传递性之间的关系，并刻画加权移位情形。
Continuum-wise hyperbolicity
本文提出连续统意义下的双曲性概念，证明cw-双曲同胚的阴影引理与谱分解，引入cwN-双曲性并研究其周期点有限性等动力学性质，还证明由环面拓扑双曲同胚诱导的球面同胚是cw-双曲且拓扑共轭于线性cw-Anosov微分同胚。
We consider inverse periodic shadowing properties of discrete dynamical systems generated by diffeomorphisms of closed smooth manifolds. We show that the $C^1$-interior of the set of all diffeomorphisms having so-called inverse periodic shadowing property coincides with the set of $Ω$-stable diffeomorphisms. The equivalence of Lipschitz inverse periodic shadowing property and hyperbolicity of the closure of all periodic points is proved. Besides, we prove that the set of all diffeomorphisms that have Lipschitz inverse periodic shadowing property and whose periodic points are dense in the nonwa…
We give an essentially equivalent formulation of the backward contracting property, defined by Juan Rivera-Letelier, in terms of expansion along the orbits of critical values, for complex polynomials of degree at least two which are at most finitely renormalizable and have only hyperbolic periodic points, as well as for all smooth interval maps with non-flat critical points.
We present three examples to illustrate that in the continuation of a family of normally hyperbolic $C^1$ manifolds, the normal hyperbolicity may break down as the continuation parameter approaches a critical value even though the corresponding generalized Lyapunov-type numbers remain uniformly bounded below their critical values throughout the process. In the first example, a $C^1$ manifold still exists at the critical parameter value, but it is no longer normally hyperbolic. In the other two examples, at the critical parameter value the family of $C^1$ manifolds converges to a nonsmooth inva…
We consider complex Henon maps which are quasi-hyperbolic. We show that a quasi-hyperbolic map is uniformly hyperbolic if and only if there are no tangencies between stable and unstable manifolds.
Generalized hyperbolicity for diffeomorphisms of Banach spaces
本文提出广义$(C, λ)$-结构用于Banach空间非线性动力学，推广超几何性并提供弱形式的结构稳定性。
We consider C^{2} Henon-like families of diffeomorphisms of R^{2} and study the boundary of the region of parameter values for which the nonwandering set is uniformly hyperbolic. Assuming sufficient dissipativity, we show that the loss of hyperbolicity is caused by a first homoclinic or heteroclinic tangency and that uniform hyperbolicity estimates hold uniformly in the parameter up to this bifurcation parameter and even, to some extent, at the bifurcation parameter.
In this note we study some properties of topological entropy for non-compact non-metrizable spaces. We prove that if a uniformly continuous self-map $f$ of a uniform space has topological shadowing property then the map $f$ has positive uniform entropy, which extends the similar known result for homeomorphisms on compact metric spaces having shadowing property.
In this article we introduce a gluing orbit property, weaker than specification, for both maps and flows. We prove that flows with the $C^1$-robust gluing orbit property are uniformly hyperbolic and that every uniformly hyperbolic flow satisfies the gluing orbit property. We also prove a level-1 large deviations principle and a level-2 large deviations lower bound for for semiflows with the gluing orbit property. As a consequence we establish a level-1 large deviations principle for hyperbolic flows and every continuous observable, and also a level-2 large deviations lower bound. Finally, sinc…
We consider the dynamics of strongly dissipative Hénon-like maps in the plane, around the first bifurcation parameter $a^*$ at which the uniform hyperbolicity is destroyed by the formation of homoclinic or heteroclinic tangencies inside the limit set. In [Takahasi H.: Commun. Math. Phys. {\bf 312} 37-85 (2012)], it was proved that $a^*$ is a full Lebesgue density point of the set of parameters for which Lebesgue almost every initial point diverges to infinity under forward iteration. For these parameters, we show that all Lyapunov exponents of all invariant ergodic Borel probability measures a…
We give sufficient conditions for the uniform hyperbolicity of certain nonuniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems. In particular, we show that local diffeomorphisms that are nonuniformly expanding on sets of total probability are necessarily uniformly expanding. We also present a version of this result for diffeomorphisms with nonuniformly hyperbolic sets.
We use the Invariance Principle of Avila and Viana to prove that every partially hyperbolic symplectic diffeomorphism with 2-dimensional center bundle, and satisfying certain pinching and bunching conditions, can be $C^r$-approximated by non-uniformly hyperbolic diffeomorphisms.
We prove a new characterization of uniform hyperbolicity for fiber-bunched cocycles. Specifically, we show that the existence of a uniform gap between the Lyapunov exponents of a fiber-bunched $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$-cocycle defined over a subshift of finite type or an Anosov diffeomorphism implies uniform hyperbolicity. In addition, we construct an $α$-Hölder cocycle which has uniform gap between the Lyapunov exponents, however it is not uniformly hyperbolic.
Some consequences of shadowing and entropy-expansiveness
本研究针对紧度量空间上满足h-扩张性与跟踪性质的连续自映射，证明非空一致刚性子集零维，进而推导非空周期点集的零维性，丰富了动力系统相关性质的研究结论。
A partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism $f$ has quasi-shadowing property if for any pseudo orbit ${x_k}_{k\in \mathbb{Z}}$, there is a sequence of points ${y_k}_{k\in \mathbb{Z}}$ tracing it in which $y_{k+1}$ is obtained from $f(y_k)$ by a motion $τ$ along the center direction. We show that any partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism has quasi-shadowing property, and if $f$ has $C^1$ center foliation then we can require $τ$ to move the points along the center foliation. As applications, we show that any partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism is topologically quasi-stable under $C^0$-perturbation. When…
Uniform Hyperbolicity and Symbolic Dynamics: Markov Partitions, Shadowing, and the Coding of Axiom A Diffeomorphisms
本文研究均匀双曲集的几何理论，通过定量界证明五个主要定理，包括稳定流形定理、谱分解定理、影子引理、马尔可夫划分的存在性以及符号映射的构造，揭示了双曲动力系统的结构与性质。
Non-uniform hyperbolicity of maps on $\mathbb{T}^2$
该研究在二维环面线性自同态的两类同伦类中构造出非一致双曲映射，还得到带稳定遍历性的结果，部分回应了已有文献中的相关问题。
We construct an explicit example of family of non-uniformly hyperbolic diffeomorphisms, at the boundary of the set of uniformly hyperbolic systems, with one orbit of cubic heteroclinic tangency. One of the leaves involved in this heteroclinic tangency is periodic, and there is a certain degree of freedom for the choice of the second one. For a non-countable set of choices, this leaf is not periodic and the diffeomorphism is Kupka-Smale: every periodic point is hyperbolic and the intersections of stable and unstable leaves of periodic points are transverse. As a consequence of our construction,…
Let H be an infinite dimensional separable Hilbert space, X a compact Hausdorff space and f : X \rightarrow X a homeomorphism which preserves a Borel ergodic measure which is positive on non-empty open sets. We prove that the non-uniformly Anosov cocycles are C0-dense in the family of partially hyperbolic f,H-skew products with non-trivial unstable bundles.
We prove that for certain partially hyperbolic skew-products, non-uniform hyperbolicity along the leaves implies existence of a finite number of ergodic absolutely continuous invariant probability measures which describe the asymptotics of almost every point. The main technical tool is an extension for sequences of maps of a result of de Melo and van Strien relating hyperbolicity to recurrence properties of orbits. As a consequence of our main result, we also obtain a partial extension of Keller's theorem guaranteeing the existence of absolutely continuous invariant measures for non-uniformly …
We show that a partially hyperbolic $C^1$ -diffeomorphism $f : M \to M$ with a uniformly compact $f$ -invariant center foliation $F^c$ is dynamically coherent. Further, the induced homeomorphism $F : M/F^c \to M/F^c$ on the quotient space of the center foliation has the shadowing property, i.e. for every $\varepsilon> 0$ there exists $δ> 0$ such that every $δ$-pseudo orbit of center leaves is $\varepsilon$-shadowed by an orbit of center leaves. Although the shadowing orbit is not necessarily unique, we prove the density of periodic center leaves inside the chain recurrent set of the quotient d…
In this paper, $φ:G\times X\to X$ is a continuous action of finitely generated group $G$ on compact metric space $(X, d)$ without isolated point. We introduce the notion of persistent shadowing property for $φ:G\times X\to X$ and study it via measure theory. Indeed, we introduce the notion of compatibility the Borel probability measure $μ$ with respect persistent shadowing property of $φ:G\times X\to X$ and denote it by $μ\in\mathcal{M}_{PSh}(X, φ)$. We show $μ\in\mathcal{M}_{PSh}(X, φ)$ if and only if $supp(μ)\subseteq PSh(φ)$, where $PSh(φ)$ is the set of all persistent shadowable points of …
In this work we study the problem of positiveness of topological entropy for flows using pointwise dynamics. We show that the existence of a non-periodic nonwandering point of an expansive and non-singular flow with shadowing is a sufficient condition to to obtain positive topological entropy. Moreover, we can deal with flows with singularities, showing that the existence of a non-wandering, non-critical, strongly-shadowable, and uniform-expansive point implies the existence of a symbolic subshift. Finally, we discuss pointwise versions of some shadowing-type properties.
Hyperbolicity of renormalization for maps with multiple breaks
本文在断点小且旋转数有界类型的条件下，为多重断点圆周映射构造双曲马蹄，并证明其刚性类为解析子流形。
This paper intends to provide new, simple, and self-contained proofs of the equivalence of various different descriptions of the uniformly hyperbolic $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb R)$ sequences. While in the scenario of the Schrödinger cocyles, they may in turn be applied to give new and simple proofs of theorems regarding their relation with the spectral analysis of one-dimensional discrete Schrödinger operators. Concretely, this paper gives four different descriptions of uniformly hyperbolic sequences together with the detailed proofs of their equivalence. It provides concise and self-contained pro…
Multidimensional non-uniform hyperbolicity, robust exponential mixing and the basin problem
本文证明双曲主导遍历cu-Gibbs态的三类吸引盆重合，解决一大类非一致双曲系统的吸引盆问题；还得到具多维非一致双曲主导分裂系统的鲁棒指数混合物理测度实例，两项结果源于扩展Gibbs-Markov-Young结构构造。
For any $θ, ω> 1/2$ we prove that, if any $d$-pseudotrajectory of length $\sim 1/d^ω$ of a diffeomorphism $f\in C^2$ can be $d^θ$-shadowed by an exact trajectory, then $f$ is structurally stable. Previously it was conjectured by Hammel-Grebogi-Yorke that for $θ= ω= 1/2$ this property holds for a wide class of non-uniformly hyperbolic diffeomorphisms. In the proof we introduce the notion of sublinear growth property for inhomogenious linear equations and prove that it implies exponential dichotomy.
Shadowing in the presence of singularities: oriented versus standard shadowing, entropy and the structure of recurrent sets
该研究区分了流的定向与标准两类伪轨跟踪性质，证明其在闭定向曲面上不同，关联标准伪轨跟踪与回复性、熵，还得到曲面流中定向伪轨跟踪结合有限奇点时链回复类为极小的结论。
Monochromatic nonuniform hyperbolicity
本文构造了具有相同非零 Lyapunov 指数但非一致双曲的连续 $\mathrm{GL}(2,\mathbb{R})$-上闭链，并指出其不能是 Hölder 连续的。
We prove that, for $C^1$-generic diffeomorphisms, if the periodic orbits contained in a homoclinic class $H(p)$ have all their Lyapunov exponents bounded away from 0, then $H(p)$ must be (uniformly) hyperbolic. This is in sprit of the works of the stability conjecture, but with a significant difference that the homoclinic class $H(p)$ is not known isolated in advance, hence the "weak" periodic orbits created by perturbations near the homoclinic class have to be guaranteed strictly inside the homoclinic class. In this sense the problem is of an "intrinsic" nature, and the classical proof of the…
We consider the linear cocycle $(T,A)$ induced by a measure preserving dynamical system $T:X \to X$ and a map $A:X \to \mathit{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$. We address the dependence of the upper Lyapunov exponent of $(T,A)$ on the dynamics $T$ when the map $A$ is kept fixed. We introduce explicit conditions on the cocycle that allow to perturb the dynamics, in the weak and uniform topologies, to make the exponent drop arbitrarily close to zero. In the weak topology we deduce that if $X$ is a compact connected manifold, then for a $C^r$ ($r \ge 1$) open and dense set of maps $A$, either $(T,A)$ is unifo…
For a generic conservative diffeomorphism of a 3-manifold M, the Oseledets splitting is a globally dominated splitting. Moreover, either all Lyapunov exponents vanish almost everywhere, or else the system is non-uniformly hyperbolic and ergodic. This is the 3-dimensional version of a well-known result by Mañé-Bochi, stating that a generic conservative surface diffeomorphism is either Anosov or all Lyapunov exponents vanish almost everywhere. This result inspired and answers in the positive for dimension 3 a conjecture by Avila and Bochi. We also prove that all partially hyperbolic sets with po…
Computability properties of hyperbolic complex Hénon maps
本文建立了复Hénon映射（双曲多项式微分同胚）的Julia集可计算性、双曲性半可判定性以及参数空间中双曲性轨迹的下可计算性。
Every volume-preserving centre-bunched fibred partially hyperbolic system with 2-dimensional centre either (1) has two distinct centre Lyapunov exponents, or (2) exhibits an invariant continuous line field (or pair of line fields) tangent to the centre leaves, or (3) admits a continuous conformal structure on the centre leaves invariant under both the dynamics and the stable and unstable holonomies. The last two alternatives carry strong restrictions on the topology of the centre leaves: (2) can only occur on tori, and for (3) the centre leaves must be either tori or spheres. Moreover, under s…
The average shadowing property is considered for set-valued dynamical systems, generated by parameterized IFS, which are uniformly contracting, or conjugacy, or products of such ones. We also prove that if a continuous surjective IFS F on a compact metric space X has the aver- age shadowing property, then every point x is chain recurrent. Moreover, we introduce some examples and investigate the relationship between the original shadowing property and shadowing property for IFS. For example, this is proved that the Sierpinski IFS has the average shadowing property. Then we shows that there is a…
We prove a criteria for uniform hyperbolicity based on the periodic points of the transformation. More precisely, if a mild (non uniform) hyperbolicity condition holds for the periodic points of any diffeomorphism in a residual subset of a $C^1$-open set $\SU$ then there exists an open and dense subset $\SA\subset \SU$ of Axiom A diffeomorphisms. Moreover, we also prove a noninvertible version of Ergodic Closing Lemma which we use to prove a counterpart of this result for local diffeomorphisms. As a simple corollary of our techniques, we have that an arbitrary $\mathrm{C}^1$-class local diffeo…
We discuss selected topics of current research interest in the theory of dynamical systems, with emphasis on dimension theory, multifractal analysis, and quantitative recurrence. The topics include the quantitative versus the qualitative behavior of Poincaré recurrence, the product structure of invariant measures and return times, the dimension of invariant sets and invariant measures, the complexity of the level sets of local quantities from the point of view of Hausdorff dimension, and the conditional variational principles as well as their applications to problems in number theory. We prese…
In this article we prove that for a $C^{1+α}$ diffeomorphism on a compact Riemannian manifold, if there is a hyperbolic ergodic measure whose support is not uniformly hyperbolic, then the topological entropy of the set of irregular points that are not uniformly hyperbolic is larger than or equal to the metric entropy of the hyperbolic ergodic measure. In the process of proof, we give an abstract general mechanism to study topological entropy of irregular points provided that the system has a sequence of nondecreasing invariant compact subsets such that every subsystem has shadowing property an…
Topological shadowing for linear operators
本文研究有限维巴拿赫空间、希尔伯特空间上线性算子的拓扑跟踪性，明确其谱的范围条件，得出相关算子的非游荡点性质。
Discontinuous Generalized Hyperbolicity and Structural Stability
本文利用Michael连续选择定理，针对不连续广义双曲分裂的Banach空间动力学，建立了上同调方程的有界连续解，证明了广义双曲微分同胚在扰动下的半共轭性，并对一维Morse-Smale系统的无限乘积获得了无扩张性的完全结构稳定性。
Uniform hyperbolicity is a strong chaotic property which holds, in particular, for Sinai billiards. In this paper, we consider the case of a nonflat billiard, that is, a Riemannian manifold with boundary. Each trajectory follows the geodesic flow in the interior of the billiard, and bounces when it meets the boundary. We give a sufficient condition for a nonflat billiard to be uniformly hyperbolic. As a particular case, we obtain a new criterion to show that a closed surface has an Anosov geodesic flow.
We introduce the notion of conditional Lipschitz shadowing, which does not aim to shadow every pseudo-orbit, but only those which belong to a certain prescribed set. We establish two types of sufficient conditions under which certain non\-auto\-nomous ordinary differential equations have such a property. The first criterion applies to a semilinear differential equation provided that its linear part is hyperbolic and the nonlinearity is small in a neighborhood of the prescribed set. The second criterion requires that the logarithmic norm of the derivative of the right-hand side with respect to …
In this paper we revisit uniformly hyperbolic basic sets and the domination of Oseledets splittings at periodic points. We prove that periodic points with simple Lyapunov spectrum are dense in non-trivial basic pieces of Cr-residual diffeomorphisms on three-dimensional manifolds (r >= 1). In the case of the C1-topology we can prove that either all periodic points of a hyperbolic basic piece for a diffeomorphism f have simple spectrum C1- robustly (in which case f has a finest dominated splitting into one-dimensional sub-bundles and all Lyapunov exponent functions of f are continuous in the wea…
A well-known result in the area of dynamical systems asserts that any invertible hyperbolic operator on any Banach space is structurally stable. This result was originally obtained by P. Hartman in 1960 for operators on finite-dimensional spaces. The general case was independently obtained by J. Palis and C. Pugh around 1968. We will exhibit examples of structurally stable operators that are not hyperbolic, thereby showing that the converse of the above-mentioned result is false in general. We will also prove that an invertible operator on a Banach space is hyperbolic if and only if it is expa…
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