Jose F. Alves, Vitor Araujo, Benoit Saussol
We give sufficient conditions for the uniform hyperbolicity of certain nonuniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems. In particular, we show that local diffeomorphisms that are nonuniformly expanding on sets of total probability are necessarily uniformly expanding. We also present a version of this result for diffeomorphisms with nonuniformly hyperbolic sets.
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We present some constructions that are merely the fruit of combining recent results from two areas of smooth dynamics: nonuniformly hyperbolic systems and elliptic constructions.
This article is devoted to the study of the multifractal analysis of ergodic averages in some nonuniformly hyperbolic systems. In particular, our results hold for the robust classes of multidimensional nonuniformly expanding local diffeomorphisms and Viana maps.
This article is devoted to level-1 large deviation properties in some nonuniformly hyperbolic systems via Pesin theory. In particular, our result can be applied to the nonuniformly hyperbolic diffeomorphisms described by Katok and several other classes of diffeomorphisms derived from Anosov systems.
We prove that entropy map is upper semi-continuous for C1 nonuniformly hyperbolic systems with domination, while it is not true for C1+alpha nonuniformly hyperbolic systems in general. This goes a little against a common intuition that conclusions are parallel between C1+domination systems and C1+alpha systems.
This article is devoted to the study of the historic set of ergodic averages in some nonuniformly hyperbolic systems. In particular, our results hold for the robust classes of multidimensional nonuniformly expanding local diffeomorphisms and Viana maps.
We obtain a characterization of two classes of dynamics with nonuniformly hyperbolic behavior in terms of an admissibility property. Namely, we consider exponential dichotomies with respect to a sequence of norms and nonuniformly hyperbolic sets. We note that the approach to establishing exponential bounds along the stable and the unstable directions differs from the standard technique of substituting test sequences. Moreover, we obtain the bounds in a single step.
This article is devoted to the investigation of the topological pressure of generic points for nonuniformly hyperbolic systems via Pesin theory. In particular, our result can be applied to the nonuniformly hyperbolic diffeomorphisms described by Katok and several other classes of diffeomorphisms derived from Anosov systems.
This article is devoted to the study of the historic set, which was introduced by Ruelle, of Birkhoff averges in some nonuniformly hyperbolic systems via Pesin theory. Particularly, we give a conditional variational principle for historic sets. Our results can be applied (i) to the diffeomorphisms on surfaces, (ii) to the nonuniformly hyperbolic diffeomorphisms described by Katok and several other classes of diffeomorphisms derived from Anosov systems.
This survey describes the recent advances in the construction of Markov partitions for nonuniformly hyperbolic systems. One important feature of this development comes from a finer theory of nonuniformly hyperbolic systems, which we also describe. The Markov partition defines a symbolic extension that is finite-to-one and onto a non-uniformly hyperbolic locus, and this provides dynamical and statistical consequences such as estimates on the number of closed orbits and properties of equilibrium measures. The class of systems includes diffeomorphisms, flows, and maps with singularities.
We prove an almost sure invariance principle that is valid for general classes of nonuniformly expanding and nonuniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems. Discrete time systems and flows are covered by this result. In particular, the result applies to the planar periodic Lorentz flow with finite horizon. Statistical limit laws such as the central limit theorem, the law of the iterated logarithm, and their functional versions, are immediate consequences.
Let $f$ be a $C^{1+α}$ nonuniformly hyperbolic diffeomorphism. We use a a nonadditive version of the topological pressure of a class of admissible, possibly noncontinuous potentials $P^*(Φ)$ to prove the following variational equation: $P^*(Φ) = \sup_{Ω\in {\mathcal H}}P^*(f|Ω,Φ)$ supremum taken over the set ${\mathcal H}$ of basic subsets in $M$. As a consequence we find a lower bound for the Cantor dimension of the stable and unstable Cantor sets of a non trivial conformal nonuniformly hyperbolic isolated sets.
We investigate the decay rates of correlations for nonuniformly hyperbolic systems with or without singularities, on piecewise Hölder observables. By constructing a new scheme of coupling methods using the probability renewal theory, we obtain the optimal bounds for decay rates of correlations for a large class of such observables. We also establish the alpha-mixing property for time series generated by these systems, which leads to a vast ranges of limiting theorems. Our results apply to rather general hyperbolic systems with singularities, including Bunimovich flower billiards, semidispersin…
We provide a systematic approach for deducing statistical limit laws via martingale-coboundary decomposition, for nonuniformly hyperbolic systems with slowly contracting and expanding directions. In particular, if the associated return time function is square-integrable, then we obtain the central limit theorem, the weak invariance principle, and an iterated version of the weak invariance principle.
This note is concerned with approximation of dynamical indicators as pressures, Lyapunov exponents and dimension-like quantities, in systems with nonuniformly hyperbolic behavior. For this we let $P^*(Φ) := \sup_μ\{h(μ) + μ(Φ)\}$ be a variational pressure defined over a suitable class of Borel measurable potentials and prove that, for regular nonuniformly hyperbolic systems, $P^*(Φ) = \sup_ΩP^*(f|Ω,Φ)$, supremum taken over the family of $f$-invariant uniformly hyperbolic basic sets. We then apply this variational principle to the approximation of dynamical indicators by horseshoes.
We consider some nonuniformly hyperbolic invertible dynamical systems which are modeled by a Gibbs-Markov-Young tower. We assume a polynomial tail for the inducing time and a polynomial control of hyperbolicity, as introduced by Alves, Pinheiro and Azevedo. These systems admit a physical measure with polynomial rate of mixing. In this paper we prove that the distribution of the number of visits to a ball B(x, r) converges to a Poisson distribution as the radius r $\to$ 0 and after suitable normalization.
The transfer operator corresponding to a uniformly expanding map enjoys good spectral properties. Here it is verified that coupling yields explicit estimates that depend continuously on the expansion and distortion constants of the map. For nonuniformly expanding maps with a uniformly expanding induced map, we obtain explicit estimates for mixing rates (exponential, stretched exponential, polynomial) that again depend continuously on the constants for the induced map together with data associated to the inducing time. Finally, for nonuniformly hyperbolic transformations, we obtain the correspo…
Gouezel and Sarig introduced operator renewal theory as a method to prove sharp results on polynomial decay of correlations for certain classes of nonuniformly expanding maps. In this paper, we apply the method to planar dispersing billiards and multidimensional nonMarkovian intermittent maps.
We investigate superdiffusion for stochastic processes generated by nonuniformly hyperbolic system models, in terms of the convergence of rescaled distributions to the normal distribution following the abnormal central limit theorem, which differs from the usual requirement that the mean square displacement grow asymptotically linearly in time. We construct a martingale approximation that follows the idea of Doob's decomposition theorem. We obtain an explicity formula for the superdiffusion constant in terms of the fine structure that originates in the phase transitions as well as the geometry…
We prove the almost sure invariance principle with rate $o(n^{\varepsilon})$ for every $\varepsilon > 0$ for Hölder continuous observables on nonuniformly expanding and nonuniformly hyperbolic transformations with exponential tails. Examples include Gibbs-Markov maps with big images, Axiom A diffeomorphisms, dispersing billiards and a class of logistic and Hénon maps. The best previously proved rate is $O(n^{1/4} (\log n)^{1/2} (\log \log n)^{1/4})$. As a part of our method, we show that nonuniformly expanding transformations are factors of Markov shifts with simple structure and natural metri…
A volume preserving nonuniformly hyperbolic diffeomorphism with arbitrary number of ergodic components and close to the identity
本文证明任意维数至少为5的紧致光滑黎曼流形上存在保持体积的非一致双曲微分同胚，其遍历分量个数可任意指定（包括无穷），且可任意接近恒等映射。
We study skew-products of the form (x,ω)\mapsto (Tx, ω+ϕ(x)) where T is a nonuniformly expanding map on a space X, preserving a (possibly singular) probability measure \tildeμ, and ϕ:X\to S^1 is a C^1 function. Under mild assumptions on \tildeμand ϕ, we prove that such a map is exponentially mixing, and satisfies the central and local limit theorems. These results apply to a random walk related to the Farey sequence, thereby answering a question of Guivarc'h and Raugi.
We prove exponential decay of correlations for a class of $C^{1+α}$ uniformly hyperbolic skew product flows, subject to a uniform nonintegrability condition. In particular, this establishes exponential decay of correlations for an open set of geometric Lorenz attractors. As a special case, we show that the classical Lorenz attractor is robustly exponentially mixing.
For a surface diffeomorphism, a compact invariant locally maximal set $W$ and some subset $A\subset W$ we study the $A$-exceptional set, that is, the set of points whose orbits do not accumulate at $A$. We show that if the Hausdorff dimension of $A$ is smaller than the Hausdorff dimension $d$ of some ergodic hyperbolic measure, then the topological entropy of the exceptional set is at least the entropy of this measure and its Hausdorff dimension is at least $d$. Particular consequences occur when there is some a priori defined hyperbolic structure on $W$ and, for example, if there exists an SR…
J. Mather characterized uniform hyperbolicity of a discrete dynamical system as equivalent to invertibility of an operator on the set of all sequences bounded in norm in the tangent bundle of an orbit. We develop a similar characterization of nonuniform hyperbolicity and show that it is equivalent to invertibility of the same operator on a larger, Fréchet space. We apply it to obtain a condition for a diffeomorphism on the boundary of the set of Anosov diffeomorphisms to be nonuniformly hyperbolic. Finally we generalise the Shadowing lemma in the same context.
Quasi-shadowing property for nonuniformly partially hyperbolic systems
本文研究非一致部分双曲系统，建立自适应伪轨道运动的拟跟踪性质，并考察拟 specification 与拟闭合性质，进而将 Katok 周期轨道增长结果推广到任意遍历测度。
Let $f$ be a $C^{1+α}$ diffeomorphism of a compact Riemannian manifold and $μ$ an ergodic hyperbolic measure with positive entropy. We prove that for every continuous potential $ϕ$ there exists a sequence of basic sets $Ω_n$ such that the topological pressure $P(f|Ω_n,ϕ)$ converges to the free energy $P_μ(ϕ) = h(μ) + \intϕ{dμ}$. Then we introduce a class of potentials $ϕ$ for which there exists sequence of basic sets $Ω_n$ such that $P(f|Ω_n,ϕ) \to P(ϕ)$.
Mostly nonuniformly sectional expanding systems
本文提出几乎非均匀横截扩张系统概念，展示了一个非均匀横截超几何集的例子，该集满足MNUSE但不满足横截超几何或渐近横截性，并给出了高共维非均匀横截扩张吸引子的构造。
Rates in almost sure invariance principle for nonuniformly hyperbolic maps
本文在不假设稳定叶指数压缩的条件下，为非一致双曲映射证明了误差速率接近最优的几乎必然不变原理，并利用双侧更新 Markov 转移的半共轭方法，首次覆盖了 Bunimovich flowers 等缓慢混合系统。
Let $f$ be a $C^r$$(r>1)$ diffeomorphism of a compact Riemannian manifold $M$, preserving an ergodic hyperbolic measure $μ$ with positive entropy, and let $\mathcal{A}$ be a Hölder continuous cocycle of injective bounded linear operators acting on a Banach space $X$. We prove that there is a sequence of horseshoes for $f$ and dominated splittings for $\mathcal{A}$ on the horseshoes, such that not only the measure theoretic entropy of $f$ but also the Lyapunov exponents of $\mathcal{A}$ with respect to $μ$ can be approximated by the topological entropy of $f$ and the Lyapunov exponents of $\mat…
Rates of convergence in the multivariate weak invariance principle for nonuniformly hyperbolic maps
研究非均匀超限映射中多变量弱不变性原理的收敛速率，针对Young塔模型获得Wasserstein p度量下的O(n^{-κ})收敛速度，适用于超多项式尾部的映射，如Sinai弹跳映射和Axiom A微分同胚。
We consider weak invariance principles (functional limit theorems) in the domain of a stable law. A general result is obtained on lifting such limit laws from an induced dynamical system to the original system. An important class of examples covered by our result are Pomeau-Manneville intermittency maps, where convergence for the induced system is in the standard Skorohod J_1 topology. For the full system, convergence in the J_1 topology fails, but we prove convergence in the M_1 topology.
We investigate dynamical systems obtained by coupling two maps, one of which is chaotic and is exemplified by an Anosov diffeomorphism, and the other is of gradient type and is exemplified by a N-pole-to-S-pole map of the circle. Leveraging techniques from the geometric and ergodic theories of hyperbolic systems, we analyze three different ways of coupling together the two maps above. For weak coupling, we offer an addendum to existing theory showing that almost always the attractor has fractal-like geometry when it is not normally hyperbolic. Our main results are for stronger couplings in whi…
We consider complex Henon maps which are quasi-hyperbolic. We show that a quasi-hyperbolic map is uniformly hyperbolic if and only if there are no tangencies between stable and unstable manifolds.
We prove that for a polynomial diffeomorphism of C^2, uniform hyperbolicity on the set of saddle periodic points implies that saddle points are dense in the Julia set. In particular f satisfies Smale's Axiom A on C^2 .
We study decay of correlations, the asymptotic distribution of hitting times and fluctuations of the return times for a robust class of multidimensional non-uniformly hyperbolic transformations. Oliveira and Viana [15] proved that there is a unique equilibrium state for a large class of non- uniformly expanding transformations and Holder continuous potentials with small variation. For an open class of potentials with small variation, we prove quasi-compactness of the Ruelle-Perron-Frobenius operator in a space $V_θ$ of functions with essential bounded variation that strictly contain Holder con…
For an ergodic hyperbolic measure $ω$ of a $C^{1+α}$ diffeomorphism, there is an $ω$ full-measured set $\tildeΛ$ such that every nonempty, compact and connected subset $V$ of $\mathbb{M}_{inv}(\tildeΛ)$ coincides with the accumulating set of time averages of Dirac measures supported at {\it one orbit}, where $\mathbb{M}_{inv}(\tildeΛ)$ denotes the space of invariant measures supported on $\tildeΛ$. Such state points corresponding to a fixed $V$ are dense in the support $supp(ω)$. Moreover, $\mathbb{M}_{inv}(\tildeΛ)$ can be accumulated by time averages of Dirac measures supported at {\it one o…
Wasserstein convergence rates in the invariance principle for nonuniformly hyperbolic flows
本文针对非一致双曲流，利用鞅-上边缘分解将离散时间方法推广到连续时间，得到了不变原理中q-Wasserstein收敛速率，并应用于Axiom A流、Young塔悬挂流及间歇螺线管流。
Nonstandard functional central limit theorem for nonuniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems, including Bunimovich stadia
研究非均匀超几何动力系统中首次返回时间满足非标准正常化(n log n)^{1/2}的中心极限定理，证明Hölder观测下的功能中心极限定理，应用涵盖弹道、测地线和间歇动力系统，统一已有结果并获得新结论。
We construct Markov partitions for non-invertible and/or singular nonuniformly hyperbolic systems defined on higher dimensional Riemannian manifolds. The generality of the setup covers classical examples not treated so far, such as geodesic flows in closed manifolds, multidimensional billiard maps, and Viana maps, and includes all the recent results of the literature. We also provide a wealth of applications.
We consider some general classes of random dynamical systems and show that a priori very weak nonuniform hyperbolicity conditions actually imply uniform hyperbolicity.
Every partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism on a 3-dimensional nilmanifold is leaf conjugate to a nilmanifold automorphism.
We prove that, under a mild condition on the hyperbolicity of its periodic points, a map $g$ which is topologically conjugated to a hyperbolic map (respectively, an expanding map) is also a hyperbolic map (respectively, an expanding map). In particular, this result gives a partial positive answer for a question done by A. Katok, in a related context.
We present an argument for proving the existence of local stable and unstable manifolds in a general abstract setting and under very weak hyperbolicity conditions.
In this paper we prove that for an ergodic hyperbolic measure $ω$ of a $C^{1+α}$ diffeomorphism $f$ on a Riemannian manifold $M$, there is an $ω$-full measured set $\widetildeΛ$ such that for every invariant probability $μ\in \mathcal{M}_{inv}(\widetildeΛ,f)$, the metric entropy of $μ$ is equal to the topological entropy of saturated set $G_μ$ consisting of generic points of $μ$: $$h_μ(f)=h_{\top}(f,G_μ).$$ Moreover, for every nonempty, compact and connected subset $K$ of $\mathcal{M}_{inv}(\widetildeΛ,f)$ with the same hyperbolic rate, we compute the topological entropy of saturated set $G_K$…
We show that conservative partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism isotopic to the identity on Seifert 3-manifolds are ergodic.
We study the renormalization operator of circle homeomorphisms with a break point and show that it possesses a hyperbolic horseshoe attractor.
We prove a new characterization of uniform hyperbolicity for fiber-bunched cocycles. Specifically, we show that the existence of a uniform gap between the Lyapunov exponents of a fiber-bunched $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$-cocycle defined over a subshift of finite type or an Anosov diffeomorphism implies uniform hyperbolicity. In addition, we construct an $α$-Hölder cocycle which has uniform gap between the Lyapunov exponents, however it is not uniformly hyperbolic.
If a non-ergodic, partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism on the 3-torus is homotopic to an Anosov diffeomorphism $A$, it is topologically conjugate to $A$.
We show that any diffeomorphism of a compact manifold can be C1 approximated by diffeomorphisms exhibiting a homoclinic tangency or by diffeomorphisms having a partial hyperbolic structure.
We use the Invariance Principle of Avila and Viana to prove that every partially hyperbolic symplectic diffeomorphism with 2-dimensional center bundle, and satisfying certain pinching and bunching conditions, can be $C^r$-approximated by non-uniformly hyperbolic diffeomorphisms.
Monochromatic nonuniform hyperbolicity
本文构造了具有相同非零 Lyapunov 指数但非一致双曲的连续 $\mathrm{GL}(2,\mathbb{R})$-上闭链，并指出其不能是 Hölder 连续的。
We prove convergence to a Levy process for a class of dispersing billiards with cusps. For such examples, convergence to a stable law was proved by Jung & Zhang. For the corresponding functional limit law, convergence is not possible in the usual Skorohod J_1 topology. Our main results yield elementary geometric conditions for convergence (i) in M_1, (ii) in M_2 but not M_1. In general, we show for a large class of nonuniformly hyperbolic systems how to deduce functional limit laws once convergence to the corresponding stable law is known.
We prove that every robustly transitive and every stably ergodic symplectic diffeomorphism on a compact manifold admits a dominated splitting. In fact, these diffeomorphisms are partially hyperbolic.
It is shown that for non-hyperbolic real quadratic polynomials topological and quasisymmetric conjugacy classes are the same. By quasiconformal rigidity, each class has only one representative in the quadratic family, which proves that hyperbolic maps are dense.
It is given notions of singular hyperbolicity and sectional Lyapunov exponents of orders beyond the classical ones, namely, other dimensions besides the dimension 2 and the full dimension of the central subbundle of the singular hyperbolic set. It is obtained a characterization of dominated splittings, partial and singular hyperbolicity in this broad sense, by using Lyapunov exponents and the notion of infinitesimal Lyapunov functions. Furthermore, it is given alternative requirements to obtain singular hyperbolicity. As an application we obtain some results related to singular hyperbolic sets…
In this paper, we show that for several interesting systems beyond uniform hyperbolicity, any generic continuous function has a unique maximizing measure with zero entropy. In some cases, we also know that the maximizing measure has full support. These interesting systems including singular hyperbolic attractors, $C^\infty$ surface diffeomorphisms and diffeomorphisms away from homoclinic tangencies.
We prove that, for $C^1$-generic diffeomorphisms, if a homoclinic class is not hyperbolic, then there is a non-hyperbolic ergodic measure supported on it. This proves a conjecture by Díaz and Gorodetski [28]. We also discuss the conjectured existence of periodic points with different stable dimension in the class.
We prove that for certain partially hyperbolic skew-products, non-uniform hyperbolicity along the leaves implies existence of a finite number of ergodic absolutely continuous invariant probability measures which describe the asymptotics of almost every point. The main technical tool is an extension for sequences of maps of a result of de Melo and van Strien relating hyperbolicity to recurrence properties of orbits. As a consequence of our main result, we also obtain a partial extension of Keller's theorem guaranteeing the existence of absolutely continuous invariant measures for non-uniformly …
Hyperbolicity of Renormalization for bi-cubic circle maps with bounded combinatorics
本文为具有有界组合的双三次圆映射构造了带有余维二稳定叶层的重正化双曲吸引子。
In this paper we consider expansive homeomorphisms of compact spaces with a hyperbolic metric presenting a self-similar behavior on stable and unstable sets. Several application are given related to Hausdorff dimension, entropy, intrinsically ergodic measures and the transitivity of expansive homeomorphisms with canonical coordinates.
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