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arXiv 2201.10293cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.mes-hall
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原子间相互作用的场表示:从相对论动力学到多体和少体系统的微观热力学

Field representation of interatomic interactions: from relativistic dynamics to microscopic thermodynamics of both many-body and few-body systems

A. Yu. Zakharov, V. V. Zubkov

摘要:

证明了稳定的原子间相互作用势类可以用Yukawa势的有限或无限叠加形式精确表示。在经典场论的框架下,引入辅助标量场来描述中性粒子(原子)系统的动力学。在原子静止的情况下,这个场等价于原子间势,但在动力学的情况下,它描述了通过相对论经典场相互作用的原子系统的动力学。提出了一个由原子和辅助复合场组成的系统的相对论拉格朗日量。本文导出了由原子和辅助场组成的系统的相对论动力学方程。本文导出了由原子和辅助场组成的系统的相对论动力学封闭方程组。在所得到的系统中,一个精确的分析排除场变量进行,并推导出一个封闭的动力学方程相对于无概率的微观原子分布函数。关键词:经典相对论动力学;因果性原理;稳定的原子间相互作用;不可逆现象;延迟相互作用

英文摘要:

It is proved that the class of stable interatomic potentials admits an exact representation in the form of a finite or infinite superposition of Yukawa potentials. An auxiliary scalar field is introduced to describe the dynamics of a system of neutral particles (atoms) in the framework of classical field theory. In the case of atoms at rest, this field is equivalent to the interatomic potential, but in the dynamic case it describes the dynamics of a system of atoms interacting through a relativistic classical field. A relativistic Lagrangian for a system consisting of atoms and an auxiliary composite field through which the atoms interact is proposed. Equations are derived for the relativistic dynamics of a system consisting of atoms and an auxiliary field via which the atoms interact. A closed system of equations for the relativistic dynamics of a system consisting of atoms and an auxiliary field through which the atoms interact is derived. In the resulting system, an exact analytical exclusion of field variables is performed, and a closed kinetic equation is derived with respect to the probability-free microscopic atomic distribution function. Keywords: Classical relativistic dynamics; Causality principle; Stable interatomic interactions; Irreversibility phenomenon; Retarded interactions

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