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arXiv 2108.08602cond-mat.stat-mechquant-ph
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微观热机中涨落的瞬时热力学

Finite-Time Thermodynamics of Fluctuations in Microscopic Heat Engines

Gentaro Watanabe, Yuki Minami

摘要:

当系统尺寸较小时,热力学量的波动变得不可忽略,并起着重要的作用。我们发展了微观热机中涨落的有限时间热力学,其环境温度和力学参数随时间周期性变化。在慢驱动制度,这种形式主义普遍持有的粗粒度的时间尺度,其分辨率是远远长于相关时间的波动,并被证明是一致的类似的波动耗散关系的关系。采用几何参数,同时最小化的卡诺循环中的耗散的平均值和波动的情况下确定。对于这种同时优化,尺度不变平衡态的奇异度量的零特征值的存在被发现是必不可少的。此外,我们证明了我们的优化协议可以改善当前实验的耗散及其波动。

英文摘要:

Fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities become non-negligible and play an important role when the system size is small. We develop finite-time thermodynamics of fluctuations in microscopic heat engines whose environmental temperature and mechanical parameter are driven periodically in time. Within the slow-driving regime, this formalism universally holds in a coarse-grained time scale whose resolution is much longer than the correlation time of the fluctuations, and is shown to be consistent with the relation analogous to the fluctuation-dissipation relation. Employing a geometric argument, a scenario to simultaneously minimize both the average and fluctuation of the dissipation in the Carnot cycle is identified. For this simultaneous optimization, the existence of a zero eigenvalue of the singular metric for the scale invariant equilibrium state is found to be essential. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our optimized protocol can improve the dissipation and its fluctuation over the current experiment.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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