arXiv 2106.076732021-06-14quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech

开放量子系统中的不可预测性和纠缠

Unpredictability and entanglement in open quantum systems

Javad Kazemi, Hendrik Weimer

备注：: 8 pages, 4 figures

摘要：

我们研究能够通用计算的动力学多体系统，这导致它们的属性是不可预测的，除非从开始到结束的动态模拟。不可预测的行为可以定量评估的数据压缩的状态发生在时间演化过程中，这是密切相关的柯尔莫哥洛夫复杂性。我们分析了经典元胞自动机的主方程嵌入，并证明了存在一个可预测和不可预测的行为之间的相变作为嵌入引入的随机噪声的函数。然后，我们转向让这种动力学与第二个过程竞争，第二个过程引起量子涨落，并耗散地将系统驱动到高度纠缠的稳态。令人惊讶的是，对于中等强度的量子涨落，我们发现，不可预测性和量子纠缠可以共存，即使在很长的时间限制。最后，我们表明，所需的多体相互作用的元胞自动机嵌入可以有效地实现在一个变分量子模拟器平台的基础上超冷里德伯原子具有高保真度。

英文摘要：

We investigate dynamical many-body systems capable of universal computation, which leads to their properties being unpredictable unless the dynamics is simulated from the beginning to the end. Unpredictable behavior can be quantitatively assessed in terms of a data compression of the states occurring during the time evolution, which is closely related to their Kolmogorov complexity. We analyze a master equation embedding of classical cellular automata and demonstrate the existence of a phase transition between predictable and unpredictable behavior as a function of the random noise introduced by the embedding. We then turn to have this dynamics competing with a second process inducing quantum fluctuations and dissipatively driving the system to a highly entangled steady state. Strikingly, for intermediate strength of the quantum fluctuations, we find that both unpredictability and quantum entanglement can coexist even in the long time limit. Finally, we show that the required many-body interactions for the cellular automaton embedding can be efficiently realized within a variational quantum simulator platform based on ultracold Rydberg atoms with high fidelity.

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