Takahiko Nobukawa
We give an example of solutions of the connection problem associated with a certain system of linear $q$-difference equations recently introduced by Park. The result contains a connection formulas of the $q$-Lauricella hypergeometric function $φ_{D}$ and those of the $q$-generalized hypergeometric function ${}_{N+1}φ_{N}$ as special cases.
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We show a connection formula for the $q$-confluent hypergeometric functions ${}_2φ_1(a,b;0;q,x)$. Combining our connection formula with Zhang's connection formula for ${}_2φ_0(a,b;-;q,x)$, we obtain the connection formula for the $q$-confluent hypergeometric equation in the matrix form. Also we obtain the connection formula of Kummer's confluent hypergeometric functions by taking the limit $q\to 1^{-}$ of our connection formula.
We solve connection problem between fundamental solutions at singular points $0$ and $1$ for the generalized hypergeometric function, using analytic continuation of the integral representation. All connection coefficients are products of the sine and the cosecant.
The functional relation of the Hurwitz zeta function is proved by using the connection problem of the confluent hypergeometric equation.
In this paper, we propose a general method to express explicitly the inversion and the connection coefficients between two basic hypergeometric polynomial sets. As application, we consider some $d$-orthogonal basic hypergeometric polynomials and we derive expansion formulae corresponding to all the families within the $q$-Askey scheme.
We study a connection problem between the fundamental systems of solutions at singular points $0$ and $1$ for the generalized hypergeometric equation which is satisfied by the generalized hypergeometric series ${}_nF_{n-1}$. In general, the local solution space around $x=1$ consists of one dimensional singular solution space and $n-1$ dimensional holomorphic solution space. Therefore in the case of $n\ge3$, the expression of connection matrix depends on the choice of the fundamental system of solutions at $x=1$. On the connection problem for ordinary differential equations, Schäfke and Schmidt…
Motivated mainly by certain interesting recent extensions of the Gamma, Beta and hypergeometric functions, we introduce here new extensions of the Beta function, hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric functions. We systematically investigate several properties of each of these extended functions, namely their various integral representations, Mellin transforms, derivatives, transformations, summation formulas and asymptotics. Relevant connections of certain special cases of the main results presented here are also pointed out.
Starting from the Rodrigues representation of polynomial solutions of the general hypergeometric-type differential equation complementary polynomials are constructed using a natural method. Among the key results is a generating function in closed form leading to short and transparent derivations of recursion relations and an addition theorem. The complementary polynomials satisfy a hypergeometric-type differential equation themselves, have a three-term recursion among others and obey Rodrigues formulas. Applications to the classical polynomials are given.
In this paper, we obtain a $(p,ν)$-extension of Srivastava's triple hypergeometric function $H_B(\cdot)$, together by using the extended Beta function $B_{p,ν}(x,y)$ introduced in arXiv:1502.06200. We give some of the main properties of this extended function, which include several integral representations involving Exton's hypergeometric function, the Mellin transform, a differential formula, recursion formulas and a bounded inequality.
We give an explicit representation for the sums of multiple zeta-star values of fixed weight and height in terms of Riemann zeta values.
In this article we propose an extension of Appell hypergeometric function $F_2$ (or equivalently $F_3$). It is derived from a particular solution of a higher order Painlevé system in two variables. On the other hand, an extension of Appell's $F_1$ was introduced by Tsuda. We also show that those two extensions are equivalent at the level of systems of linear partial differential equations.
In this paper, we give an algorithm to generate connection formulas of generalized hypergeometric functions ${}_p F_{p-1}$ for degenerated values of parameters. We also show that these connection formulas give a fast method for numerical evaluation of generalized hypergeometric functions near $\infty$.
We obtain extensions of classical hypergeometric identities of Bailey and Whipple that transform nearly-poised and very-well-poised series to Saalschützian series, Saalschützian series to Saalschützian series, and very-well-poised and nearly-poised series to very-well-poised series. We employ a method in which summations and transformations of lower-order series are used to obtain transformations of higher-order series. By taking limits, we also obtain extensions of two classical quadratic transformations of Whipple and Bailey. Furthermore, we show how a number of other well-known results rega…
We evaluate the sum of Gauss hypergeometric functions \[S(μ,c;x)=\sum_{k\geq 0} \bl(\frac{1-x}{1+μ}\br)^k\,{}_2F_1(\fs k+\fs, \fs k+1;c;x)\] for $x\in [-1,1]$ and positive parameters $μ$ and $c$. The domain of absolute convergence of this series is established by determining the growth of the hypergeometric function for $k\to+\infty$. An application to Galton-Watson branching processes arising in the theory of stochastic processes is presented. A new class of positive integer-valued distributions with power tails is introduced.
We present a rational extension of Newton diagram for the positivity of ${}_1F_2$ generalized hypergeometric functions. As an application, we give upper and lower bounds for the transcendental roots $β(α)$ of \begin{align*} \int_0^{j_{α, 2}} t^{-β} J_α(t) dt = 0\qquad(-1<α\le 1/2), \end{align*} where $j_{α, 2}$ denotes the second positive zero of Bessel function $J_α$.
Inspired by certain interesting recent extensions of the gamma, beta and hypergeometric matrix functions, we introduce here new extension of the gamma and beta matrix function. We also introduce new extensions of the Gauss hypergeometric matrix function, confluent hypergeometric matrix function, Appell matrix function and Lauricella matrix function of three variables in terms of the new extended beta matrix function. Then we investigate certain properties of these extended matrix functions such as the integral representations, differential formulae and recurrence relations.
We study Macdonald polynomials from a basic hypergeometric series point of view. In particular, we show that the Pieri formula for Macdonald polynomials and its recently discovered inverse, a recursion formula for Macdonald polynomials, both represent multivariable extensions of the terminating very-well-poised 6-phi-5 summation formula. We derive several new related identities including multivariate extensions of Jackson's very-well-poised 8-phi-7 summation. Motivated by our basic hypergeometric analysis, we propose an extension of Macdonald polynomials to Macdonald symmetric functions indexe…
The classical summation and transformation theorems for very well-poised hypergeometric functions, namely, $_{5}F_4(1)$ summation, Dougall's $_{7}F_6(1)$ summation, Whipple's $_{7}F_6(1)$ to $_{4}F_3(1)$ transformation and Bailey's $_{9}F_8(1)$ to $_{9}F_8(1)$ transformation are extended. These extensions are derived by applying the well-known Bailey's transform method along with the classical very well-poised summation and transformation theorems for very well-poised hypergeometric functions and the Rakha and Rathie's extension of the Saalschütz's theorem. To show importance and applications …
An extension of basic Humbert hypergeometric functions Φ1, Φ2 and Φ3
本文系统研究了基本Humbert合流超几何函数Φ1、Φ2和Φ3在参数约束下的q-偏导数公式、递推关系、偏微分方程、求和与变换公式及q-积分表示，推广了该领域的已知结果。
Jackson integral representation for a multiple $q$-hypergeometric series and an extension of the $q$-Riemann-Papperitz system
本文为Kajihara的$q$-超几何级数$W^{M,2}$给出Jackson积分表示，构造对应的$q$-差分系统，推广了三次$q$-超几何方程变体，并证明其退化包含$q$-Appell-Lauricella系统。
We provide new formulae for the degenerations of the bilateral basic hypergeometric function ${}_1ψ_1 ( a; b; q, z )$ with using the $q$-Borel-Laplace transformation. These are thought of as the first step to construct connection formulae of $q$-difference equation for ${}_1ψ_1 ( a; b; q, z )$. Moreover, we show that our formulae have the $q \to 1 - 0$ limit.
Finite-part integration is a recently introduced method of evaluating convergent integrals by means of the finite part of divergent integrals [E.A. Galapon, {\it Proc. R. Soc. A 473, 20160567} (2017)]. Current application of the method involves exact and asymptotic evaluation of the generalized Stieltjes transform $\int_0^a f(x)/(ω+ x)^ρ \, \mathrm{d}x$ under the assumption that the extension of $f(x)$ in the complex plane is entire. In this paper, the method is elaborated further and extended to accommodate the presence of competing singularities of the complex extension of $f(x)$. Finite par…
General elliptic hypergeometric functions are defined by elliptic hypergeometric integrals. They comprise the elliptic beta integral, elliptic analogues of the Euler-Gauss hypergeometric function and Selberg integral, as well as elliptic extensions of many other plain hypergeometric and $q$-hypergeometric constructions. In particular, the Bailey chain technique, used for proving Rogers-Ramanujan type identities, has been generalized to integrals. At the elliptic level it yields a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation as an integral operator with an elliptic hypergeometric kernel. We give a brie…
The solution in hyperspherical coordinates for $N$ dimensions is given for a general class of partial differential equations of mathematical physics including the Laplace, wave, heat and Helmholtz, Schrödinger, Klein-Gordon and telegraph equations and their combinations. The starting point is the Laplacian operator specified by the scale factors of hyperspherical coordinates. The general equation of mathematical physics is solved by separation of variables leading to the dependencies: (i) on time by the usual exponential function; (ii) on longitude by the usual sinusoidal function; (iii) on ra…
We aim to introduce a new extension of beta function and to study its important properties. Using this definition, we introduce and investigate new extended hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric functions. Further, some hybrid representations of this extended beta function are derived which include some well known special functions and polynomials.
Toda and Laguerre-Freud equations and tau functions for hypergeometric discrete multiple orthogonal polynomials
本文研究离散多重正交多项式，通过tau函数和带状矩阵描述其性质，证明其提供Toda方程多分量可积扩展及Nijhoff-Capel方程的解，并探讨Laguerre-Freud方程在多种特例下的应用。
We give a brief account of the key properties of elliptic hypergeometric integrals -- a relatively recently discovered top class of transcendental special functions of hypergeometric type. In particular, we describe an elliptic generalization of Euler's and Selberg's beta integrals, elliptic analogue of the Euler-Gauss hypergeometric function and some multivariable elliptic hypergeometric functions on root systems. The elliptic Fourier transformation and corresponding integral Bailey lemma technique is outlined together with a connection to the star-triangle relation and Coxeter relations for …
Miller-Paris transformations are extensions of Euler's transformations for the Gauss hypergeometric functions to generalized hypergeometric functions of higher-order having integral parameter differences (IPD). In our recent work we computed the degenerate versions of these transformations corresponding to the case when one parameter difference is equal to a negative integer. The purpose of this paper is to present an independent new derivation of both the general and the degenerate forms of Miller-Paris transformations. In doing so we employ the generalized Stieltjes transform representation …
We generalize generating functions for hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials, namely Jacobi, Gegenbauer, Laguerre, and Wilson polynomials. These generalizations of generating functions are accomplished through series rearrangement using connection relations with one free parameter for these orthogonal polynomials. We also use orthogonality relations to determine corresponding definite integrals.
In the lecture notes we start off with an introduction to the $q$-hypergeometric series, or basic hypergeometric series, and we derive some elementary summation and transformation results. Then the $q$-hypergeometric difference equation is studied, and in particular we study solutions given in terms of power series at $0$ and at $\infty$. Factorisations of the corresponding operator are considered in terms of a lowering operator, which is the $q$-derivative, and the related raising operator. Next we consider the $q$-hypergeometric operator in a special case, and we show that there is a natural…
The $_{3}F_{2}$ hypergeometric function plays a very significant role in the theory of hypergeometric and generalized hypergeometric series. Despite that $_{3}F_{2}$ hypergeometric function has several applications in mathematics, also it has a lot of applications in physics and statistics. The fundamental purpose of this research paper is to find out the explicit expression of the $_{3}F_{2}$ Watson's classical summation theorem of the form: \[ _{3}F_{2}\left[ \begin{array} [c]{ccccc}% a, & b, & c & & \\ & & & ; & 1\\ \frac{1}{2}(a+b+i+1), & 2c+j & & & \end{array} \right] \] with arbitrary $i…
This paper describes a method to find a connection between combinatorial identities and hypergeometric series with a number of examples. Combinatorial identities can often be written as hypergeometric series with unit argument. In a number of cases these hypergeometric series are balanced and can be reduced to a simpler form. In this paper some combinatorial identities are proved using this method assuming that the results in the tables of Prudnikov et al. [12] are proven without using hypergeometric functions.
In [Electron. J. Combin. 10 (2003), #R10], the author presented a new basic hypergeometric matrix inverse with applications to bilateral basic hypergeometric series. This matrix inversion result was directly extracted from an instance of Bailey's very-well-poised 6-psi-6 summation theorem, and involves two infinite matrices which are not lower-triangular. The present paper features three different multivariable generalizations of the above result. These are extracted from Gustafson's A_r and C_r extensions and of the author's recent A_r extension of Bailey's 6-psi-6 summation formula. By combi…
On some Analytic Inequalities for Gauss Hypergeometric Functions via Gruss Discrete Inequality
本文利用Grüss离散不等式研究一类高斯超几何函数的近似，为伽马和贝塔函数的扩展提供了新的解析不等式。
We describe a solution of the Gauss hypergeometric equation, $F(α,β,γ;z)$ by power series in paramaters $α,β,γ$ whose coefficients are $\Z$ linear combinations of multiple polylogarithms. And using the representation and connection reletions of solutions of the hypergeometric equation, we show some relations of multiple zeta values.
In this paper, we aim to present new extensions of incomplete gamma, beta, Gauss hypergeometric, confluent hypergeometric function and Appell-Lauricella hypergeometric functions, by using the extended Bessel function due to Boudjelkha [4]. Some recurrence relations, transformation formulas, Mellin transform and integral representations are obtained for these generalizations. Further, an extension of the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative operator is established.
Product formulas for multivariate and matrix-variate confluent hypergeometric functions
该研究重新探讨Erdélyi的单变量${}_{1}F_{1}$合流超几何函数乘积公式，将其推广到多元及矩阵变量的合流超几何函数，并给出相关分数阶微积分联系。
In this paper, we introduce and investigate a new extension of the beta function by means of an integral operator involving a product of Bessel-Struve kernel functions. We also define a new extension of the well-known beta distribution, the Gauss hypergeometric function and the confluent hypergeometric function in terms of our extended beta function. In addition, some useful properties of these extended functions are also indicated in a systematic way.
We use connection relations and series rearrangement to generalize generating functions for several higher continuous orthogonal polynomials in the Askey scheme, namely the Wilson, continuous dual Hahn, continuous Hahn, and Meixner-Pollaczek polynomials. We also determine corresponding definite integrals using the orthogonality relations for these polynomials.
We construct the q-twisted cohomology associated with the q-multiplicative function of Jordan-Pochhammer type at |q|=1. In this framework, we prove the Heine's relations and a connection formula for the q-hypergeometric function of the Barnes type. We also prove an orthogonality relation of the q-little Jacobi polynomials at |q|=1.
We derive generalized generating functions for basic hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials by applying connection relations with one free parameter to them. In particular, we generalize generating functions for the Askey-Wilson, continuous $q$-ultraspherical/Rogers, little $q$-Laguerre/Wall, and $q$-Laguerre polynomials. Depending on what type of orthogonality these polynomials satisfy, we derive corresponding definite integrals, infinite series, bilateral infinite series, and $q$-integrals.
We continue our study of the construction of analytical coefficients of the epsilon-expansion of hypergeometric functions and their connection with Feynman diagrams. In this paper, we apply the approach of obtaining iteratated solutions to the differential equations associated with hypergeometric functions to prove the following result (Theorem 1): The epsilon-expansion of a generalized hypergeometric function with integer values of parameters is expressible in terms of generalized polylogarithms with coefficients that are ratios of polynomials. The method used in this proof provides an effici…
We show that the cohomology intersection number of a twisted Gauss-Manin connection with regularization condition is a rational function. As an application, we obtain a new quadratic relation associated to period integrals of a certain family of K3 surfaces.
Reduction formulas for sums of products of hypergeometric functions can be traced back to Euler. This topic has an intimate connection to summation and transformation formulas, contiguous relations and algebraic properties of the (generalized) hypergeometric differential equation. Over recent several years, important discoveries have been made in this subject by Gorelov, Ebisu, Beukers and Jouhet and Feng, Kuznetsov and Yang. In this paper, we give a generalization of Feng, Kuznetsov and Yang identity covering also Ebisu's and Gorelov's formulas as particular cases.
We introduce the power collection method for easily deriving connection relations for certain hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials in the $(q-)$Askey scheme. We summarize the full-extent to which the power collection method may be used. As an example, we use the power collection method to derive connection and connection-type relations for Meixner and Krawtchouk polynomials. These relations are then used to derive generalizations of generating functions for these orthogonal polynomials. The coefficients of these generalized generating functions are in general, given in term of multiple hyperg…
Recently, there emerges different versions of beta function and hypergeometric functions containing extra parameters. Gaining enlightenment from these ideas, we will first introduce a new extension of generalized hypergeometric function and then put forward some fundamental results in the paper. Next, we will derive some properties of certain functions like extended Gauss hypergeometric functions, extended Appell's hypergeometric functions $\mathbf{F}_{1}^{(κ_{l})}$, $\mathbf{F}_{2}^{(κ_{l})}$, and extended Lauricella's hypergeometric function $\mathbf{F}_{D,(κ_{l})}^{(r)}$,$\mathbf{F}_{A,(κ_{…
New explicit as well as manifestly symmetric three-term summationformulas are derived for the Clausenian hypergeometric series $_3F_2(1)$ with negative integral parameter differences. Our results generalize and naturally extend several similar relations published, in recent years, by many authors. An appropriate and useful connection is established with the quite underestimated 1974 paper by P. W. Karlsson.
We deduce new q-series identities by applying inverse relations to certain identities for basic hypergeometric series. The identities obtained themselves do not belong to the hierarchy of basic hypergeometric series. We extend two of our identities, by analytic continuation, to bilateral summation formulae which contain Ramanujan's 1-psi-1 summation and a very-well-poised 4-psi-6 summation as special cases.
Connection formula for the Jackson integral of Riemann-Papperitz type
本研究针对Riemann-Papperitz型Jackson积分的连接问题，建立其连接公式，据此解决三次q-超几何方程变体的连接问题，并证明Kajihara的q-超几何级数W^{M,2}的线性关系。
Factorization of Basic Hypergeometric Series
本文研究基本超几何级数的因式分解问题，重点分析一般 $_2ψ_2$ 级数，并建立与根系上基本超几何级数理论的联系，同时给出若干经典求和与变换公式的新证明。
Based on Spiridonov's analysis of elliptic generalizations of the Gauss hypergeometric function, we develop a common framework for 7-parameter families of generalized elliptic, hyperbolic and trigonometric univariate hypergeometric functions. In each case we derive the symmetries of the generalized hypergeometric function under the Weyl group of type E_7 (elliptic, hyperbolic) and of type E_6 (trigonometric) using the appropriate versions of the Nassrallah-Rahman beta integral, and we derive contiguous relations using fundamental addition formulas for theta and sine functions. The top level de…
We continue the study of the construction of analytical coefficients of the epsilon-expansion of hypergeometric functions and their connection with Feynman diagrams. In this paper, we show the following results: Theorem A: The multiple (inverse) binomial sums of arbitrary weight and depth (see Eq. (1.1)) are expressible in terms of Remiddi-Vermaseren functions. Theorem B: The epsilon expansion of a hypergeometric function with one half-integer value of parameter (see Eq. (1.2)) is expressible in terms of the harmonic polylogarithms of Remiddi and Vermaseren with coefficients that are ratios of…
This is author's Habilitation Thesis (Dr. Sci. dissertation) submitted at the beginning of September 2004. It is written in Russian and is posted due to the continuing requests for the manuscript. The content: 1. Introduction, 2. Nonlinear chains with the discrete time and their self-similar solutions, 3. General theory of theta hypergeometric series, 4. Theta hypergeometric integrals, 5. Biorthogonal functions, 6. Elliptic hypergeometric functions with |q|=1, 7. Conclusion, 8. References. It contains an outline of a general heuristic scheme for building univariate special functions through se…
We consider the Euler type integral associated to the configuration space of points on an elliptic curve, which is an analogue of the hypergeometric function associated to the configuration space of points on a projective line. We calculate the {\it twisted homology group}, with coefficients in the local system associated to a power function $g^α$ of an elliptic function $g$, and the intersection form. Applying these calculations, we describe the {\it connection matrices} representing the linear isomorphisms induced from analytic continuations of the functions defined by the integrations of $g…
The main objects of the investigation presented in this paper are branched-continued-fraction representations of ratios of contiguous hypergeometric series and type II multiple orthogonal polynomials on the step-line with respect to linear functionals or measures whose moments are ratios of products of Pochhammer symbols. This is an interesting case study of the recently found connection between multiple orthogonal polynomials and branched continued fractions that gives a clear example of how this connection leads to considerable advances on both topics. We obtain new results about generating …
The main goal of this paper is to derive a number of identities for the generalized hypergeometric function evaluated at unity and for certain terminating multivariate hypergeometric functions from the symmetries and other properties of Meijer's $G$ function. For instance, we recover two- and three-term Thomae relations for ${}_3F_2$, give two- and three-term transformations for ${}_4F_3$ with one unit shift and ${}_5F_4$ with two unit shifts in the parameters, establish multi-term identities for general ${}_{p}F_{p-1}$ and several transformations for terminating Kampé de Fériet and Srivastava…
It is shown that the classical quadratic and cubic transformation identities satisfied by the hypergeometric function ${}_3F_2$ can be extended to include additional parameter pairs, which differ by integers. In the extended identities, which involve hypergeometric functions of arbitrarily high order, the added parameters are nonlinearly constrained: in the quadratic case, they are the negated roots of certain orthogonal polynomials of a discrete argument (dual Hahn and Racah ones). Specializations and applications of the extended identities are given, including an extension of Whipple's ident…
Two exact evaluation formulae for multiple rarefied elliptic beta integrals related to the simplest lens space are proved. They generalize evaluations of the type I and II elliptic beta integrals attached to the root system $C_n$. In a special $n=1$ case, the simplest $p\to 0$ limit is shown to lead to a new class of $q$-hypergeometric identities. Symmetries of a rarefied elliptic analogue of the Euler-Gauss hypergeometric function are described and the respective generalization of the hypergeometric equation is constructed. Some extensions of the latter function to $C_n$ and $A_n$ root system…
We prove a duality relation for generalized basic hypergeometric functions. It forms a $q$-extension of a recent result of the second and the third named authors and generalizes both a $q$-hypergeometric identity due to the third named author (jointly with Feng and Yang) and a recent identity for the Heine's ${}_2ϕ_{1}$ function due to Suzuki. We further explore various consequences of our identity leading to several presumably new multi-term relations for both terminating and non-terminating generalized basic hypergeometric series. Moreover, we give confluent versions of our results and furni…
Motivated by the new Laplace transforms for the Kummer's confluent hypergeometric functions $_1F_1$ obtained recently by Kim et al. [Math $\&$ Comput. Modelling, 55 (2012), pp. 1068--1071], the authors aim is to establish so far unknown Laplace transforms of rather general case of generalized hypergeometric functions $_2F_2(x)$ and $_3F_3(x)$ by employing extensions of classical summation theorems for the series $_2F_1$ and $_3F_2$ obtained recently by Kim et al. [Int. J. Math. Math. Sci., 309503, 26 pages, 2010]. Certain known results obtained earlier by Kim et al. follow cases of our main fi…
We define a general class of (multiple) integrals of hypergeometric type associated with the Jacobi theta functions. These integrals are related to theta hypergeometric series through the residue calculus. In the one variable case, we get theta function extensions of the Meijer function. A number of multiple generalizations of the elliptic beta integral [S2] associated with the root systems $A_n$ and $C_n$ is described. Some of the $C_n$-examples were proposed earlier by van Diejen and the author, but other integrals are new. An example of the biorthogonality relations associated with the elli…
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