The algebras of the title are infinite-dimensional graded Lie algebras $L= \bigoplus_{i=1}^{\infty}L_i$, over a field of positive characteristic $p$, that are generated by an element of degree $1$ and an element of degree $p$, and satisfy $[L_i,L_1]=L_{i+1}$ for $i\ge p$. In case $p=2$ such algebras were classified by Caranti and Vaughan-Lee in 2003. We announce an extension of that classification to arbitrary prime characteristic, and prove several major steps in its proof.
The purpose of this paper is to determine all maximal graded subalgebras of the four infinite series of finite-dimensional graded Lie superalgebras of odd Cartan type over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>3$. All maximal graded subalgebras consist of three types (\MyRoman{1}), (\MyRoman{2}) and (\MyRoman{3}). Maximal graded subalgebras of type (\MyRoman{3}) fall into reducible maximal graded subalgebras and irreducible maximal graded subalgebras. In this paper we classify maximal graded subalgebras of types (\MyRoman{1}), (\MyRoman{2}) and reducible maximal g raded subalgebra…
Crystalline graded rings are generalizations of certain classes of rings like generalized twisted group rings, generalized Weyl algebras, and generalized skew crossed products. When the base ring is a commutative Dedekind domain, two constructions are given for producing maximal graded orders. On the way, a new concept appears, so-called, spectrally twisted group. Some general properties of it are studied. At the end of the paper several examples are considered.
We describe the isomorphism classes of infinite-dimensional graded Lie algebras of maximal class, generated by elements of weight one, over fields of odd characteristic.
In this work, we extend the definition of the graded prime ideals from those in commutative graded rings to the ideals over graded Lie algebras. We prove some facts about graded prime Lie ideals in arbitrary Lie algebras that are similar to those about graded prime ideals over a commutative or non-commutative ring.In addition, the ideas of graded semiprime Lie ideals and graded total prime Lie ideals will be introduced.
We describe the isomorphism classes of certain infinite-dimensional graded Lie algebras of maximal class, generated by an element of weight one and an element of weight two, over fields of odd characteristic.
We classify a class of infinite-dimensional simple graded pre-Lie algebras on the graded vector space underlying the algebra of Laurent polynomials, with a specific form for the product.
We study $\mathbb{Z}_2$-graded identities of simple Lie superalgebras over a field of characteristic zero. We prove the existence of the graded PI-exponent for such algebras.
We investigate the graded Lie algebras of Cartan type $W$, $S$ and $H$ in characteristic 2 and determine their simple constituents and some exceptional isomorphisms between them. We also consider the graded Lie algebras of Cartan type $K$ in characteristic 2 and conjecture that their simple constituents are isomorphic to Lie algebras of type $H$.
The present article is a part of the study of solvable Leibniz algebras with a given nilradical. In this paper solvable Leibniz algebras, whose nilradicals is naturally graded $p$-filiform non-Lie Leibniz algebra $(n-p\geq4)$ and the complemented space to nilradical has maximal dimension, are described up to isomorphism. Moreover, among obtained algebras we indicate the rigid and complete algebras
In this paper we explore graded algebras of quotients of Lie algebras with special emphasis on the 3-graded case and answer some natural questions concerning its relation to maximal Jordan systems of quotients.
Let $E$ be an arbitrary directed graph and let $L$ be the Leavitt path algebra of the graph $E$ over a field $K$. The necessary and sufficient con- ditions are given to assure the existence of a maximal ideal in $L$ and also the necessary and sufficient conditions on the graph which assure that every ideal is contained in a maximal ideal is given. It is shown that if a maximal ideal $M$ of $L$ is non-graded, then the largest graded ideal in $M$ , namely $gr(M )$, is also maximal among the graded ideals of $L$. Moreover, if $L$ has a unique maximal ideal $M$ , then $M$ must be a graded ideal. T…
In this paper we describe all gradings by abelian groups without elements of order p, where p > 2 is the characteristic of the base field, on the simple graded Cartan type Lie algebras.
In the paper we describe the subcategory of the category of Z-graded Lie algebras which is equivalent to the category of Jordan pairs via a functorial modification of the TKK construction. For instance, we prove that a Z-graded Lie algebra can be constructed from a Jordan pair if and only if it is generated by odd graded components and the second graded homology group is trivial. Similar descriptions are obtained for Jordan triple systems and Jordan algebras.
The motivation for this paper has been to study the relation between the zero component of the maximal graded algebra of quotients and the maximal graded algebra of quotients of the zero component, both in the Lie case and when considering Martindale algebras of quotients in the associative setting. We apply our results to prove that the finitary complex Lie algebras are (graded) strongly nondegenerate and compute their maximal algebras of quotients.
The property of degeneration of modular graded Lie algebras, first investigated by B. Weisfeiler, is analyzed. Transitive irreducible graded Lie algebras $L=\sum_{i\in \mathbb Z}L_i,$ over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>2,$ with classical reductive component $L_0$ are considered. We show that if a non-degenerate Lie algebra $L$ contains a transitive degenerate subalgebra $L'$ such that $\dim L'_1>1,$ then $L$ is an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra.
This paper is devoted to investigating the structure theory of a class of not-finitely graded Lie superalgebras related to generalized super-Virasoro algebras. In particular, we completely determine the derivation algebras, the automorphism groups and the second cohomology groups of these Lie superalgebras.
In Fialowski's classification for algebras of maximal class, there are three Lie algebras of maximal class with 1-dimensional homogeneous components: $\mathfrak{m}_0$, $L_1$ and $\mathfrak{m}_2$. In this paper, we studied their biderivations by considering the embedded mapping to derivation algebras. Then we determined commuting mappings on these algebras as an application of biderivations. Finally, local and 2-local derivations for these three algebras were characterized as the given gradings.
It will be shown that every N-graded Lie algebra generated in degree 1 of type FP with entropy less or equal to 1 must be finite-dimensional (cf. Thm. A). As a consequence every Koszul Lie algebra with entropy less or equal to 1 must be abelian (cf. Cor. C). These results are obtained from a generalized Witt formula (cf. Thm. D) for N-graded Lie algebras of type FP and the analysis of necklace polynomials at roots of unity.
We study $\mathbb{Z}_2$-graded identities of Lie superalgebras of the type $b(t), t\ge 2$, over a field of characteristic zero. Our main result is that the $n$-th codimension is strictly less than $(\dim b(t))^n$ asymptotically. As a consequence we obtain an upper bound for ordinary (non-graded) PI-exponent for each simple Lie superalgebra $b(t), t\ge 3$.
The Recognition Theorem for graded Lie algebras is an essential ingredient in the classification of finite-dimensional simple Lie algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p > 3. The main goal of this monograph is to present the first complete proof of this fundamental result.
A nilpotent Lie algebra ${\mathfrak g}$ is said to be naturally graded if it is isomorphic to its associated graded Lie algebra ${\rm gr} \mathfrak{g}$ with respect to filtration by ideals of the lower central series. This concept is equivalent to the concept of the Carnot algebra arising in sub-Riemannian geometry and the geometric control theory. We classify finite-dimensional and infinite-dimensional naturally graded Lie algebras (Carnot algebras) ${\mathfrak g}=\oplus_{i=1}^{{+}\infty}{\mathfrak g}_i$ with properties $$ [{\mathfrak g}_1, {\mathfrak g}_i]={\mathfrak g}_{i{+}1}, \; \dim{{\ma…
The maximal graded subalgebras for four families of Lie superalgebras of Cartan type over a field of prime characteristic are studied. All maximal reducible graded subalgebras are described completely and their isomorphism classes, dimension formulas are found. The classification of maximal irreducible graded subalgebras is reduced to the classification of the maximal irreducible subalgebras for the classical Lie superalgebras $\frak{gl}(m,n)$, $\frak{sl}(m,n)$ and $\frak{osp}(m,n)$.
A Lie algebra $L$ is said to be $(Θ_{n},sl_{n})$-graded if it contains a simple subalgebra $\mathfrak{g}$ isomorphic to $sl_{n}$ such that the $\mathfrak{g}$-module $L$ decomposes into copies of the adjoint module, the trivial module, the natural module $V$, its symmetric and exterior squares $S^{2}V$ and $\wedge^{2}V$ and their duals. We describe the multiplicative structures and the coordinate algebras of $(Θ_{n},sl_{n})$-graded Lie algebras for $n\ge5$, classify these Lie algebras and determine their central extensions.
$N$-derivation is the natural generalization of derivation and triple derivation. Let ${\cal L}$ be a finitely generated Lie algebra graded by a finite dimensional Cartan subalgebra. In this paper, a sufficient condition for Lie $N$-derivation algebra of ${\cal L}$ coinciding with Lie derivation algebra of ${\cal L}$ is given. As applications, any $N$-derivation of Schrödinger-Virasoro algebra, generalized Witt algebras, Kac-Moody algebras and their Borel subalgebras, is a derivation.
This paper deals with the classification of Leibniz central extensions of a naturally graded filiform Lie algebra. We choose a basis with respect to that the table of multiplication has a simple form. In low dimensional cases isomorphism classes of the central extensions are given. In parametric family orbits cases invariant functions (orbit functions) are provided.
We introduce grading on certain finite dimensional simple Lie superalgebras of type $P(t)$ by elementary abelian 2-group. This grading gives rise to Pauli matrices and is a far generalization of $(\mathbb Z_2\times \mathbb Z_2)$-grading on Lie algebra of $(2\times 2)$-traceless matrices.We use this grading for studying numerical invariants of polyomial identities of Lie superalgebras. In particular, we compute graded PI-exponent corresponding to Pauli grading.
Consider a finite dimensional Lie algebra L with an action of a finite group G over a field of characteristic 0. We prove the analog of Amitsur's conjecture on asymptotic behavior for codimensions of polynomial G-identities of L. As a consequence, we prove the analog of Amitsur's conjecture for graded codimensions of any finite dimensional Lie algebra graded by a finite Abelian group.
Superderivations for the eight families of finite or infinite dimensional graded Lie superalgebras of Cartan-type over a field of characteristic $p>3$ are completely determined by a uniform approach: The infinite dimensional case is reduced to the finite dimensional case and the latter is further reduced to the restrictedness case, which proves to be far more manageable. In particular, the outer superderivation algebras of those Lie superalgebras are completely determined.
We compute the cohomology with trivial coefficients of Lie algebras $\mathfrak{m}_0$ and $\mathfrak{m}_2$ of maximal class over the field $\mathbb{Z}_2$. In the infinite-dimensional case, we show that the cohomology rings $H^*(\mathfrak{m}_0)$ and $H^*(\mathfrak{m}_2)$ are isomorphic, in contrast with the case of the ground field of characteristic zero, and we obtain a complete description of them. In the finite-dimensional case, we find the first three Betti numbers of $\mathfrak{m}_0(n)$ and $\mathfrak{m}_2(n)$ over $\mathbb{Z}_2$.
Let $G$ be an abelien group, $ε$ an anti-bicharacter of $G$ and $L$ a $G$-graded $ε$ Lie algebra (color Lie algebra) over $\K$ a field of characteristic zero. We prove that all $G$-graded, positive filtered $A$ such that the associated graded algebra is isomorphic to the $G$-graded $ε$-symmetric algebra $S(L)$, there is a $G$- graded $ε$-Lie algebra $L$ and a $G$-graded scalar two cocycle $ω\in\mathrm{Z}_{gr}^2(L,\K)$, such that $A$ is isomorphic to $ U_ω(L)$ the generalized enveloping algebra of $L$ associated with $ω$. We also prove there is an isomorphism of graded spaces between the Hochsc…
In this paper solvable Leibniz algebras with naturally graded non-Lie $p$-filiform $(n-p\geq4)$ nilradical and with one-dimensional complemented space of nilradical are described. Moreover, solvable Leibniz algebras with abelian nilradical and extremal (minimal, maximal) dimensions of complemented space nilradical are studied. The rigidity of solvable Leibniz algebras with abelian nilradical and maximal dimension of its complemented space is proved.
Let $UT_n(F)$ be the algebra of the $n\times n$ upper triangular matrices and denote $UT_n(F)^{(-)}$ the Lie algebra on the vector space of $UT_n(F)$ with respect to the usual bracket (commutator), over an infinite field $F$. In this paper, we give a positive answer to the Specht property for the ideal of the $\mathbb{Z}_n$-graded identities of $UT_n(F)^{(-)}$ with the canonical grading when the characteristic $p$ of $F$ is 0 or is larger than $n-1$. Namely we prove that every ideal of graded identities in the free graded Lie algebra that contains the graded identities of $UT_n(F)^{(-)}$, is f…
In this paper, a new class of $\Z$-graded Lie conformal algebras $\CW(a,c)$ of infinite rank is constructed. The conformal derivations and one-dimensional central extensions of $\CW(a,c)$ are completely determined. And all conformal modules of rank one over $\CW(a,c) (a\neq0)$ are proved to be trivial and all such nontrivial (irreducible) modules over $\CW(0,c)$ are classified.
We compute the cohomology with trivial coefficients of two graded infinite-dimensional Lie algebras of maximal class, give explicit formulas for their representative cocycles. Also we discuss the relations with combinatorics and representation theory.
We classify real and complex infinite-dimensional narrow positively graded Lie algebras ${\mathfrak g}=\oplus_{i=1}^{{+}\infty}{\mathfrak g}_i$ with properties $$ [{\mathfrak g}_1, {\mathfrak g}_i]={\mathfrak g}_{i{+}1}, \; \dim{{\mathfrak g}_i}+\dim{{\mathfrak g}_{i{+}1}} \le 3, \; i \ge 1. $$ In the proof of the main theorem we apply successive central extensions of finite-dimensional Carnot algebras. In sub-Riemannian geometry, control theory, and geometric group theory, Carnot algebras play a significant role.
Let $K$ be an infinite field of characteristic different from two and let $U_1$ be the Lie algebra of the derivations of the algebra of Laurent polynomials $K[t,t^{-1}]$. The algebra $U_1$ admits a natural $\mathbb{Z}$-grading. We provide a basis for the graded identities of $U_1$ and prove that they do not admit any finite basis. Moreover, we provide a basis for the identities of certain graded Lie algebras with a grading such that every homogeneous component has dimension $\leq 1$, if a basis of the multilinear graded identities is known. As a consequence of this latter result we are able to…
The Leibniz algebras appear as a generalization of the Lie algebras \cite{loday}. The classification of naturally graded $p$-filiform Lie algebras is known \cite{C-G-JM}, \cite{J.Lie.Theory}, \cite{AJM}, \cite{Ve}. In this work we deal with the classification of 2-filiform Leibniz algebras. The study of $p$-filiform Leibniz non Lie algebras is solved for $p=0$ (trivial) and $p=1$ \cite{Omirov1}. In this work we get the classification of naturally graded non Lie 2-filiform Leibniz algebras.
In this work we consider extensions of solvable Lie algebras with naturally graded filiform nilradicals. Note that there exist two naturally graded filiform Lie algebras $n_{n, 1}$ and $Q_{2n}.$ We find all one-dimensional central extensions of the algebra $n_{n, 1}$ and show that any extension of $Q_{2n}$ is split. After that we find one-dimensional extensions of solvable Lie algebras with nilradical $n_{n, 1}$. We prove that there exists a unique non-split central extension of solvable Lie algebras with nilradical $n_{n, 1}$ of maximal codimension. Moreover, all one-dimensional extensions of…
A thin Lie algebra is a Lie algebra graded over the positive integers satisfying a certain narrowness condition. We describe several cyclic grading of the modular Hamiltonian Lie algebras $H(2\colon\n;ω_2)$ (of dimension one less than a power of $p$) from which we construct infinite-dimensional thin Lie algebras. In the process we provide an explicit identification of $H(2\colon\n;ω_2)$ with a Block algebra. We also compute its second cohomology group and its derivation algebra (in arbitrary prime characteristic).
In this work large families of naturally graded nilpotent Lie algebras in arbitrary dimension and characteristic sequence (n,q,1), with n odd, satisfying the centralizer property, are given. This condtion constitutes a generalization, for a nilpotent Lie agebra, of the structural properties charactrizing the Lie algebra $Q_{n}$. By considering certain cohomological classes of the space $H^{2}(\frak{g},\mathbb{C})$, it is shown that, with few exceptions, the isomorphism classses of these algebras are given by central extensions of $Q_{n}$ by $\mathbb{C}^{p}$ which preserve the nilindex and the …
We define a graded twisted-coassociative coproduct on the tensor algebra $TW$ of any $\Z^n$-graded vector space $W$. If $W$ is the desuspension space $\da V$ of a graded vector space $V$, the coderivations (resp. quadratic ``degree 1'' codifferentials, arbitrary odd codifferentials) of this coalgebra are 1-to-1 with sequences $\zp_s$, $s\ge 1$, of $s$-linear maps on $V$ (resp. $\Z^n$-graded Loday structures on $V$, sequences that we call Loday infinity structures on $V$). We prove a minimal model theorem for Loday infinity algebras, investigate Loday infinity morphisms, and observe that the $\…
For any finitely generated abelian group $Q$, we reduce the problem of classification of $Q$-graded simple Lie algebras over an algebraically closed field of "good" characteristic to the problem of classification of gradings on simple Lie algebras. In particular, we obtain the full classification of finite-dimensional $Q$-graded simple Lie algebras over any algebraically closed field of characteristic $0$ based on the recent classification of gradings on finite dimensional simple Lie algebras. We also reduce classification of simple graded modules over any $Q$-graded Lie algebra (not necessari…
In this paper we introduce the notions of Z-graded hom-Lie superalgebras and we show that there is a maximal (resp., minimal) Z-graded hom-Lie superalgebra for a given local hom-Lie superalgebra. Morever, we introduce the invariant bilinear forms on a Z-graded hom-Lie superalgebra and we prove that a consistent supersymmetric α-invariant form on the local part can be extended uniquely to a bilinear form with the same property on the whole Z-graded hom-Lie superalgebra. Furthermore, we check the condition in which the Z-graded hom-Lie superalgebra is simple.
We compute the zeta functions enumerating graded ideals in the graded Lie rings associated with the free $d$-generator Lie rings $\mathfrak{f}_{c,d}$ of nilpotency class $c$ for all $c\leq2$ and for $(c,d)\in\{(3,3),(3,2),(4,2)\}$. We apply our computations to obtain information about $\mathfrak{p}$-adic, reduced, and topological zeta functions, in particular pertaining to their degrees and some special values.
We compute explicitly the adjoint cohomology of two N-graded Lie algebras of maximal class (infinite dimensional filiform Lie algebras) m_0 and m_2. It is known that up to an isomorphism there are only three N-graded Lie algebras of the maximal class. The third algebra from this list is the "positive" part L_1 of the Witt (or Virasoro) algebra and its adjoint cohomology was computed earlier by Feigin and Fukhs. We show that the total space H*(m_j,m_j) is "almost" isomorphic to the completed tensor product of the algebra m_j by scalar cohomology space H^*(m_j), j=0,2.
We develop general results on centroids of Lie algebras and apply them to determine the centroid of extended affine Lie algebras, loop-like and Kac-Moody Lie algebras, and Lie algebras graded by finite root systems.
The filiform and the quasi-filiform Lie algebras form a special class of nilpotent Lie algebras. The aim of this paper is to compute the index and provide regular vectors of this two class of nilpotent Lie algebras. we consider the graded filiform Lie algebras $L_{n}$, $Q_{n}$, the $n$-dimensional filiform Lie algebras for $n$ $<8$, also the graded quasi-filiform Lie algebras and finally Lie algebras whose nilradical is $Q_{2n}$.
We determine the Lie superalgebras over fields of characteristic zero that are graded by the root system A(n,n) of the special linear Lie superalgebra psl(n+1,n+1).
