Third Galois cohomology group of function fields of curves over number fields

On the relation between 2 and infty in Galois cohomology of number fields

We remove the assumption "let p be odd or k totally imaginary" from several well-known theorems in Galois cohomology of number fields. For example, we show that the Galois group of the maximal extension of a number field k which is unramified outside 2 has a finite cohomological 2-dimension (also if k has real places). (The dvi-file requires the xypic-package)

Norm-compatible systems of Galois cohomology classes for $GSp_6$

We construct global cohomology classes in the middle degree cohomology of the Shimura variety of the symplectic group $GSp_6$ compatible when one varies the level at $p$. These classes are expected constituents of an Euler system for the Galois representations appearing in these cohomology groups. As an application, we show how these classes provide elements in the Iwasawa cohomology of these representations and, by applying Perrin-Riou's machinery, $p$-adic L-functions associated to them.

Even Galois representations and the cohomology of GL(2,Z)

Let $ρ$ be a two-dimensional even Galois representation which is induced from a character $χ$ of odd order of the absolute Galois group of a real quadratic field. After imposing some additional conditions on $χ$, we attach $ρ$ to a Hecke eigenclass in the cohomology of ${\rm GL}(2,\mathbb Z)$ with coefficients in a certain infinite-dimensional vector space over a field of characteristic not equal to 2.

Galois representations and torsion in the coherent cohomology of Hilbert modular varieties

Let $F$ be a totally real number field and let $p$ be a prime unramified in $F$. We prove the existence of Galois pseudo-representations attached to mod $p^m$ Hecke eigenclasses of paritious weight occurring in the coherent cohomology of Hilbert modular varieties for $F$ of level prime to $p$.

Galois cohomology of a $p$-adic field via $(Φ,Γ)$-modules in the imperfect residue field case

For a $p$-adic local field $K$ with perfect residue field, L. Herr constructed a complex which computes the Galois cohomology of a $p$-torsion representation of the absolute Galois group of $K$ by using the theory of $(Φ,Γ)$-modules. We shall generalize his work to the imperfect residue field (the residue field has a finite $p$-basis) case.

Torsion in the Coherent Cohomology of Shimura Varieties and Galois Representations

We introduce a method for producing congruences between Hecke eigenclasses, possibly torsion, in the coherent cohomology of automorphic vector bundles on certain good reduction Shimura varieties. The congruences are produced using some "generalized Hasse invariants" adapted to the Ekedahl-Oort stratification of the special fiber.

Some additive galois cohomology rings

Let p be an odd prime. We consider the cyclotomic extension T := Z_(p)[zeta_{p^2}] of S := Z_(p), with galois group G := (Z/p^2)^*. Since this extension is wildly ramified, the SG-module T is not projective. We calculate its cohomology ring H^*(G, T; S), carrying the cup product induced by the ring structure of T. Proceeding in a somewhat greater generality, our results also apply to certain Lubin-Tate extensions.

Vanishing of some Galois cohomology groups for elliptic curves

Let E/Q be an elliptic curve and p be a prime number, and let G be the Galois group of the extension of Q obtained by adjoining the coordinates of the p-torsion points on E. We determine all cases when the Galois cohomology group H^1(G, E[p]) does not vanish, and investigate the analogous question for E[p^i] when i>1. We include an application to the verification of certain cases of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, and another application to the Grunwald-Wang problem for elliptic curves.

Special cohomology classes for modular Galois representations

Building on ideas of Vatsal, Cornut proved a conjecture of Mazur asserting the generic nonvanishing of Heegner points on an elliptic curve E as one ascends the anticyclotomic Z_p-extension of a quadratic imaginary extension K/Q. In the present article Cornut's result is extended by replacing the elliptic curve E with the Galois cohomology of Deligne's 2-dimensional l-adic representation attached to a modular form of weight 2k>2, and replacing the family of Heegner points with an analogous family of special cohomology classes.

Deformation of rigid Galois representations and cohomology of certain quaternionic unitary Shimura variety

In this article, we use deformation theory of Galois representations valued in the symplectic group of degree four to prove a freeness result for the cohomology of certain quaternionic unitary Shimura variety over the universal deformation ring for certain type of residual representation satisfying a property called rigidity. This result plays an important role in the proof of the arithmetic level raising theorem for the symplectic similitude group of degree four over the field of rational numbers by the author.

On the abelian groups which occur as Galois cohomology groups of global unit groups

For any finite group G and integer i, let $\mathcal{H}^i(G)$ be the set of all the isomorphism classes of the Galois cohomology groups $\hat{H}^i(K/k,E_K)$, where K/k runs over all the unramified G-extension of number fields and E_K denotes the global unit group of K. We will determine $\mathcal{H}^i(G)$ for i=0,1,2, and 4 in the case where G is a finite p-group.

The first two cohomology groups of some Galois groups

We investigate the first two Galois cohomology groups of $p$-extensions over a base field which does not necessarily contain a primitive $p$th root of unity. We use twisted coefficients in a systematic way. We describe field extensions which are classified by certain residue classes modulo $p^n$th powers of a related field, and we obtain transparent proofs and slight generalizations of some classical results of Albert. The potential application to the cyclicity question for division algebras of degree $p$ is outlined.

Galois Cohomology for Lubin-Tate $(φ_q,Γ_{LT})$-modules over Coefficient rings

The classification of the local Galois representations using $(φ,Γ)$-modules by Fontaine has been generalized by Kisin and Ren over the Lubin-Tate extensions of local fields using the theory of $(φ_q,Γ_{LT})$-modules. In this paper, we extend the work of (Fontaine) Herr by introducing a complex which allows us to compute cohomology over the Lubin-Tate extensions and compare it with the Galois cohomology groups. We further extend that complex to include certain non-abelian extensions. We then deduce some relations of this cohomology with those arising from $(ψ_q,Γ_{LT})$-modules. We also comput…

Corestriction Principle in non-abelian Galois cohomology

This is a revision of a McMaster University preprint, with extension. In this paper we prove that over local or global fields of characteristic 0, the Corestriction Principle holds for kernel and image of all maps which are connecting maps in group cohomology and the groups of $R$-equivalences. Some related questions over arbitrary fields of characteristic 0 are also discussed. AMS Mathematics Subject Classification (1991): Primary 11E72, Secondary 18G50, 20G10

晶体表示的伽罗瓦上同调的晶体部分

Crystalline part of the Galois cohomology of crystalline representations

针对$p\geqslant3$的非分歧扩张$F/\mathbb{Q}_p$，定义两类带Wach模系数的syntomic复形，证明它们均能计算对应晶体表示的伽罗瓦上同调的晶体部分，还建立了Berger的Wach模到更小周期环的下降性质。

Cohomology groups of Fermat curves via ray class fields of cyclotomic fields

The absolute Galois group of the cyclotomic field $K={\mathbb Q}(ζ_p)$ acts on the étale homology of the Fermat curve $X$ of exponent $p$. We study a Galois cohomology group which is valuable for measuring an obstruction for $K$-rational points on $X$. We analyze a $2$-nilpotent extension of $K$ which contains the information needed for measuring this obstruction. We determine a large subquotient of this Galois cohomology group which arises from Heisenberg extensions of $K$. For $p=3$, we perform a Magma computation with ray class fields, group cohomology, and Galois cohomology, which determin…

Galois irreducibility implies cohomology freeness for KHT Shimura varieties

Given a KHT Shimura variety provided with an action of its unramified Hecke algebra $\mathbb T$, we proved in a previous work, see also the work of Caraiani-Scholze for other PEL Shimura varieties, that its localized cohomology groups at a generic maximal ideal $\mathfrak m$ of $\mathbb T$, appear to be free. In this work, we obtain the same result for $\mathfrak m$ such that its associated Galois $\overline{\mathbb F}_l$-representation $\overline{ρ_{\mathfrak m}}$ is irreducible, under the hypothesis that $[F(\exp(2iπ/l):F]>d$ where $F$ is the reflex field, $d$ the dimension of the KHT Shimur…

An analogue of Serre's conjecture for Galois representations and Hecke eigenclasses in the mod-p cohomology of GL(n,Z)

The conjecture of Serre referred in the title is the one about modularity of odd Galois representations into GL(2,F) where F is a finite field of characteristic p. We present an analogous conjecture where GL(2) is replaced by GL(n). We explain the analogue of "oddness." We then present some theoretical and experimental evidence for the conjecture, primarily when n = 3. Our conjecture does not require the Galois representation to be irreducible. Our most interesting examples involve the sum of an irreducible even 2-dimensional representation and a 1-dimensional representation.

Cohomology with twisted one-dimensional coefficients for congruence subgroups of SL(4,Z) and Galois representations

We extend the computations in [AGM1, AGM2, AGM3] to find the cohomology in degree five of a congruence subgroup Gamma of SL(4,Z) with coefficients in a field K, twisted by a nebentype character eta, along with the action of the Hecke algebra. This is the top cuspidal degree. In practice we take K to be a finite field of large characteristic, as a proxy for the complex numbers. For each Hecke eigenclass found, we produce a Galois representation that appears to be attached to it. Our computations show that in every case this Galois representation is the only one that could be attached to it. The…

椭圆曲线在反cyclotomic扩张上的伽罗瓦上同调

Galois cohomology of elliptic curves over anticyclotomic extensions

本文研究虚二次域上椭圆曲线在反cyclotomic扩张中的Iwasawa理论，并分析其对偶Selmer群的伽罗瓦上同调。

Class groups of Kummer extensions via cup products in Galois cohomology

We use Galois cohomology to study the $p$-rank of the class group of $\mathbf{Q}(N^{1/p})$, where $N \equiv 1 \bmod{p}$ is prime. We prove a partial converse to a theorem of Calegari--Emerton, and provide a new explanation of the known counterexamples to the full converse of their result. In the case $p = 5$, we prove a complete characterization of the $5$-rank of the class group of $\mathbf{Q}(N^{1/5})$ in terms of whether or not $\prod_{k=1}^{(N-1)/2} k^{k}$ and $\frac{\sqrt{5} - 1}{2}$ are $5$th powers mod $N$.

伽罗瓦上同调中的一个有限性定理

A finiteness theorem in Galois cohomology

本文证明了整体域上连通约化群的伽罗瓦上同调中局部化映射的核具有有限性，解决了该领域的一个基本问题。

Hensel半全局域上étale代数的拼接与高阶Galois上同调群的周期-指数问题

Patching for étale algebras and the period-index problem for higher degree Galois cohomology groups over Hensel semi-global fields

本文将Harbater-Hartmann的域拼接技术推广到Hensel半全局域，证明étale代数的拼接成立，建立高阶Galois上同调的局部-整体原理，并将周期-指数一致界推广到非素数阶系数群。

3-fold Massey products in Galois cohomology -- The non-prime case

For $m\geq2$, let $F$ be a field of characteristic prime to $m$ and containing the roots of unity of order $m$, and let $G_F$ be its absolute Galois group. We show that the 3-fold Massey products $\langleχ_1,χ_2,χ_3\rangle$, with $χ_1,χ_2,χ_3\in H^1(G_F,\mathbb{Z}/m)$ and $χ_1,χ_3$ $\mathbb{Z}/m$-linearly independent, are non-essential. This was earlier proved for $m$ prime. Our proof is based on the study of unitriangular representations of $G_F$.

通过 Galois 上同调提升 Galois 表示

Lifting Galois representations via Galois cohomology

本文综述了通过 Galois 上同调提升 Galois 表示的近期进展，重点介绍了仅依赖 Galois 上同调的方法及 Ottawa 会议相关内容。

第一伽罗瓦上同调群的调和分析与统计

Harmonic Analysis and Statistics of the First Galois Cohomology Group

本文利用调和分析中的泊松求和与陶伯定理，为第一伽罗瓦上同调群中带类判别式不变量的元素计数问题建立了欧拉乘积分解，从而推进了广义 Malle 猜想。

An Alternative Proof of Hesselholt's Conjecture on Galois Cohomology of Witt Vectors of Algebraic Integers

Let $K$ be a complete discrete valuation field of characteristic zero with residue field $k_K$ of characteristic $p>0$. Let $L/K$ be a finite Galois extension with Galois group $G=\Gal(L/K)$ and suppose that the induced extension of residue fields $k_L/k_K$ is separable. Let $\mathbb{W}_n(\cdot)$ denote the ring of $p$-typical Witt vectors of length $n$. Hesselholt conjectured that the pro-abelian group $\{H^1(G,\mathbb{W}_n(\mathcal{O}_L))\}_{n\geq 1}$ is isomorphic to zero. Hogadi and Pisolkar have recently provided a proof of this conjecture. In this paper, we provide an alternative proof o…

Hilbert 90 for Galois cohomology

Assuming the Bloch-Kato Conjecture, we determine precise conditions under which Hilbert 90 is valid for Milnor k-theory and Galois cohomology. In particular, Hilbert 90 holds for degree n when the cohomological dimension of the Galois group of the maximal p-extension of F is at most n.

Galois Cohomology of Function Fields of Curves over Non-archimedean Local Fields

Let $F$ be the function field of a curve over a non-archimedean local field. Let $m \geq 2$ be an integer coprime to the characteristic of the residue field of the local field. In this article, we show that every element in $H^{3}(F, μ_{m}^{\otimes 2})$ is of the form $χ\cup (f) \cup (g)$, where $χ$ is in $H^{1}(F, \mathbb{Z}/m\mathbb{Z})$ and $(f)$, $(g)$ in $H^{1}(F, μ_{m})$. This extends a result of Parimala and Suresh, where they show this when $m$ is prime and when $F$ contains $μ_{m}$.

Complete Intersections of Two Quadrics and Galois Cohomology

For each nonsingular hyperelliptic curve of arbitrary genus, we construct a natural injection from the Galois cohomology of 2-torsion subgroups of Jacobian varieties of the curve to the set of isomorphism classes of nonsingular complete intersections of two quadrics. This gives a generalization of the result of Flynn and Skorobogatov.

SL_4(Z)同余子群带Sym^g系数的上同调与伽罗瓦表示

Cohomology with Sym^g coefficients for congruence subgroups of SL_4(Z) and Galois representations

本研究拓展先前计算，得到SL_4(Z)同余子群带扭化Sym^g(K^4)系数的五次最高尖点上同调及Hecke代数作用，构造对应Hecke特征类的伽罗瓦表示，并修改算法适配非一维系数。

A small quotient of the big absolute Galois group (joint work with Ido Efrat and Ján Mináč)

This is a report of a talk given at the Oberwolfach workshop on "cohomology of finite groups: Interactions and applications" which was held during July 25th - July 31st, 2010. It is an announcement of some of the results (with motivation) and their applications from the paper "Quotients of absolute Galois groups which determine the entire Galois cohomology"; see arXiv:0905.1364.

Quotients of absolute Galois groups which determine the entire Galois cohomology

For prime power $q=p^d$ and a field $F$ containing a root of unity of order $q$ we show that the Galois cohomology ring $H^*(G_F,\dbZ/q)$ is determined by a quotient $G_F^{[3]}$ of the absolute Galois group $G_F$ related to its descending $q$-central sequence. Conversely, we show that $G_F^{[3]}$ is determined by the lower cohomology of $G_F$. This is used to give new examples of pro-$p$ groups which do not occur as absolute Galois groups of fields.

Universal eigenvarieties, trianguline Galois representations, and p-adic Langlands functoriality

Using the overconvergent cohomology modules introduced by Ash and Stevens, we construct eigenvarieties associated with reductive groups and establish some basic geometric properties of these spaces, building on work of Ash-Stevens, Urban, and others. We also formulate a precise modularity conjecture linking trianguline Galois representations with overconvergent cohomology classes. In the course of giving evidence for this conjecture, we establish several new instances of \emph{p-}adic Langlands functoriality. Our main technical innovations are a family of universal coefficients spectral sequen…

Cohomology and overconvergence for representations of powers of Galois groups

We show that the Galois cohomology groups of $p$-adic representations of a direct power of $\operatorname{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}_p}/\mathbb{Q}_p)$ can be computed via the generalization of Herr's complex to multivariable $(φ,Γ)$-modules. Using Tate duality and a pairing for multivariable $(φ,Γ)$-modules we extend this to analogues of the Iwasawa cohomology. We show that all $p$-adic representations of a direct power of $\operatorname{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}_p}/\mathbb{Q}_p)$ are overconvergent and, moreover, passing to overconvergent multivariable $(φ,Γ)$-modules is an equivalence of cate…

Invitation to higher local fields, Part II, section 6: Phi-Gamma-modules and Galois cohomology

This is is a survey of applications of Fontaine's theory of p-adic representations of local fields (Phi-Gamma-modules) to Galois cohomology of local fields and explicit formulas for the Hilbert symbol in relation with two-dimensional local objects.

在纯二次分层代数中伽罗瓦上同调的余序

Cofinality of Galois Cohomology within Purely Quadratic Graded Algebras

研究纯二次分层代数中伽罗瓦上同调的余序性质，证明所有伽罗瓦上同调代数在纯二次分层代数中是余序的，并举例说明不可实现的双线性映射。

伽罗瓦上同调中的Massey积与初等类型猜想

Massey products in Galois cohomology and the Elementary Type Conjecture

本文证明Efrat初等类型猜想蕴含Minač--Tân Massey消失猜想的强化版，从而在若干情形下使含单位根的域的极大pro-p伽罗瓦群满足强n-Massey消失性质。

Torsion in the cohomology of congruence subgroups of SL(4,Z) and Galois representations

We report on the computation of torsion in certain homology theories of congruence subgroups of SL(4,Z). Among these are the usual group cohomology, the Tate-Farrell cohomology, and the homology of the sharbly complex. All of these theories yield Hecke modules. We conjecture that the Hecke eigenclasses in these theories have attached Galois representations. The interpretation of our computations at the torsion primes 2,3,5 is explained. We provide evidence for our conjecture in the 15 cases of odd torsion that we found in levels up to 31.

Galois module structure of Galois cohomology for embeddable cyclic extensions of degree p^n

Let p>2 be prime, and let n,m be positive integers. For cyclic field extensions E/F of degree p^n that contain a primitive pth root of unity, we show that the associated F_p[Gal(E/F)]-modules H^m(G_E,mu_p) have a sparse decomposition. When E/F is additionally a subextension of a cyclic, degree p^{n+1} extension E'/F, we give a more refined F_p[Gal(E/F)]-decomposition of H^m(G_E,mu_p).

Notes on Cohomology

This work is a collection of old and new aplications of Galois cohomology to the clasification of algebraic and arithmetical objects.

Poitou--Tate sequence for complex of tori over $p$-adic function fields

We complete the picture of local and global arithmetic duality theorems for short complexes of finite Galois modules and tori over $p$-adic function fields. In view of the duality theorems, we deduce a $12$-term Poitou--Tate exact sequence which relates global Galois cohomology groups to restricted topological products of local Galois cohomology groups.

$\mathbb{C}((t))$ 上函数域上约化群的 Galois 上同调

Galois Cohomology of Reductive Groups over Function Fields over $\mathbb{C}((t))$

本文扩展 Kottwitz 的 $B(F,G)$ 理论，在附加曲线假设下，显式描述了 $\mathbb{C}((t))$ 上曲线函数域 $F$ 中约化群 Galois 上同调的局部化映射。

Capitulation, ambiguous classes and the cohomology of the units

This paper presents results on both the kernel and cokernel of the S-capitulation map C_{F,S}\ra C_{K,S}^{G} for arbitrary finite Galois extensions K/F (with Galois group G) and arbitrary finite sets of primes S of F (assumed to contain the archimedean primes in the number field case)

Galois cohomology and profinitely solitary Chevalley groups

For every number field and every Cartan Killing type, there is an associated split simple algebraic group. We examine whether the corresponding arithmetic subgroups are profinitely solitary so that the commensurability class of the profinite completion determines the commensurability class of the group among finitely generated residually finite groups. Assuming Grothendieck rigidity, we essentially solve the problem by Galois cohomological means.

The Galois action and cohomology of a relative homology group of Fermat Curves

For an odd prime $p$ satisfying Vandiver's conjecture, we give explicit formulae for the action of the absolute Galois group $G_{\mathbb{Q}(ζ_p)}$ on the homology of the degree $p$ Fermat curve, building on work of Anderson. Further, we study the invariants and the first Galois cohomology group which are associated with obstructions to rational points on the Fermat curve.

Arithmetic toric varieties

We study toric varieties over a field k that split in a Galois extension K/k using Galois cohomology with coefficients in the toric automorphism group. Part of this Galois cohomology fits into an exact sequence induced by the presentation of the class group of the toric variety. This perspective helps to compute the Galois cohomology, particularly for cyclic Galois groups. We use Galois cohomology to classify k-forms of projective spaces when K/k is cyclic, and we also study k-forms of surfaces.

On some partially de Rham Galois representations

We study some partially de Rham representations of $\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{L}/L)$ for a finite unramified extension $L$ of $\mathbb{Q}_p$. We study some related subspaces of Galois cohomology and of cohomology of $B$-pairs. As an application, we associate a locally $\mathbb{Q}_p$-analytic representation of $\mathrm{GL}_2(L)$ to a $2$-dimensional trianguline representation of $\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{L}/L)$, by generalizing Breuil's theory in the crystalline case.

Cohomology of absolute Galois groups

The main problem this thesis deals with is the characterization of profinite groups which are realizable as absolute Galois groups of fields: this is currently one of the major problems in Galois theory. Usually one reduces the problem to the pro-$p$ case, i.e., one would like to know which pro-$p$ groups occur as maximal pro-$p$ Galois groups, i.e., maximal pro-$p$ quotients of absolute Galois groups. Indeed, pro-$p$ groups are easier to deal with than general profinite groups, yet they carry a lot of information on the whole absolute Galois group. We define a new class of pro-$p$ groups, cal…

Liftable groups, negligible cohomology and Heisenberg representations

We consider lifting of mod p representations to mod p^2 representations in the setting of representations of (i) finite groups; (ii) absolute Galois groups of abstract fields; and (iii) absolute Galois groups of local and global fields.

Four-fold Massey products in Galois cohomology

In this paper, we develop a new necessary and sufficient condition for the vanishing of 4-Massey products of elements in the mod-2 Galois cohomology of a field. This new description allows us to define a splitting variety for 4-Massey products, which is shown in the Appendix to satisfy a local-to-global principle over number fields. As a consequence, we prove that, for a number field, all such 4-Massey products vanish whenever they are defined. This provides new explicit restrictions on the structure of absolute Galois groups of number fields.

关于伽罗瓦上同调的第二部分全局欧拉-庞加莱特征

On the second partial Global Euler-Poincare characteristics for Galois cohomology

本文研究有限伽罗瓦模M的第二部分欧拉-庞加莱特征χ2(G_{K,S},M)，通过添加素数集得到显式公式，并应用于伽罗瓦群表示和维数猜想的反例构造。

伽罗瓦上同调中的增强Koszul性质

Enhanced Koszul properties in Galois cohomology

该研究在有限生成情形下，基于一个著名猜想证明伽罗瓦上同调满足多种增强版Koszul性质，给出相关无条件结果，并证明这些性质在代数的若干自然运算下保持，推广了此前仅适用于交换情形的结论。

Derived Hecke algebra and cohomology of arithmetic groups

We describe a graded extension of the usual Hecke algebra: it acts in a graded fashion on the cohomology of an arithmetic group $Γ$. Under favorable conditions, the cohomology is freely generated in a single degree over this graded Hecke algebra. From this construction we extract an action of certain $p$-adic Galois cohomology groups on $H^*(Γ, \mathbb{Q}_p)$, and formulate the central conjecture: the motivic $\mathbb{Q}$-lattice inside these Galois cohomology groups preserves $H^*(Γ,\mathbb{Q})$.