In this paper we study 4-dimensional $(m,ρ)$-quasi-Einstein manifolds with harmonic Weyl curvature when $m\notin\{0,\pm1,-2,\pm\infty\}$ and $ρ\notin\{\frac{1}{4},\frac{1}{6}\}$. We prove that a non-trivial $(m,ρ)$-quasi-Einstein metric $g$ (not necessarily complete) is locally isometric to one of the followings: (i) $\mathcal{B}^2_\frac{R}{2(m+2)}\times \mathbb{N}^2_\frac{R(m+1)}{2(m+2)}$ where $\mathcal{B}^2_\frac{R}{2(m+2)}$ is a northern hemisphere in the 2-dimensional sphere $\mathbb{S}^2_\frac{R}{2(m+2)}$, $\mathbb{N}_δ$ is the 2-dimensional Riemannian manifold with constant curvature $δ$ and $R$ is the constant scalar curvature of $g$, (ii) $\mathcal{D}^2_\frac{R}{2(m+2)}\times\mathbb{N}^2_\frac{R(m+1)}{2(m+2)}$ where $\mathcal{D}^2_\frac{R}{2(m+2)}$ is one half (cut by a hyperbolic line) of the hyperbolic plane $\mathbb{H}^2_\frac{R}{2(m+2)}$, (iii) $\mathbb{H}^2_\frac{R}{2(m+2)}\times\mathbb{N}^2_\frac{R(m+1)}{2(m+2)}$, (iv) a certain singular metric with $ρ=0$, (vi) a locally conformally flat metric. By applying this local classification, we obtain a classification of complete $(m,ρ)$-quasi-Einstein manifolds under the harmonic Weyl curvature condition. Our result can be viewed as a local classification of gradient Einstein-type manifolds. One corollary of our result is the classification of $(λ,4+m)$-Einstein manifolds which can be viewed as $(m,0)$-quasi-Einstein manifolds.
In this article, we study Einstein-Weyl structures on almost cosymplectic manifolds. First we prove that an almost cosymplectic $(κ,μ)$-manifold is Einstein or cosymplectic if it admits a closed Einstein-Weyl structure or two Einstein-Weyl structures. Next for a three dimensional compact almost $α$-cosymplectic manifold admitting closed Einstein-Weyl structures, we prove that it is Ricc-flat. Further, we show that an almost $α$-cosymplectic admitting two Einstein-Weyl structures is either Einstein or $α$-cosymplectic, provided that its Ricci tensor is commuting. Finally, we prove that a compac…
We find geometric conditions on a Hermitian-Weyl manifold under which the complex structure is a pseudo-harmonic map in the sense of G. Kokarev \cite{K09} from the manifold into its twistor space. This is done under the assumption that the dimension of the manifold is four or the Hermitian-Weyl structure is locally conformally Kähler.
We derive point-wise and integral rigidity/gap results for a closed manifold with harmonic Weyl curvature in any dimension. In particular, there is a generalization of Tachibana's theorem for non-negative curvature operator. The key ingredients are new Bochner-Weitzenböck-Lichnerowicz type formulas for the Weyl tensor, which are generalizations of identities in dimension four.
Starting from a real analytic surface $\mathcal{M}$ with a real analytic conformal Cartan connection A. Borówka constructed a minitwistor space of an asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein-Weyl manifold with $\mathcal{M}$ being the boundary. In this article, starting from a symmetry of conformal Cartan connection, we prove that symmetries of conformal Cartan connection on $\mathcal{M}$ can be extended to symmetries of the obtained Einstein-Weyl manifold.
We show that a compact K-contact manifold $(M,g,ξ)$ has a closed Weyl-Einstein connection compatible with the conformal structure $[g]$ if and only if it is Sasaki-Einstein.
In this paper we introduce the notion of generalized quasi--Einstein manifold, that generalizes the concepts of Ricci soliton, Ricci almost soliton and quasi--Einstein manifolds. We prove that a complete generalized quasi--Einstein manifold with harmonic Weyl tensor and with zero radial Weyl curvature, is locally a warped product with $(n-1)$--dimensional Einstein fibers. In particular, this implies a local characterization for locally conformally flat gradient Ricci almost solitons, similar to that proved for gradient Ricci solitons.
We prove that simply connected Einstein four-manifolds of positive scalar curvature are conformally Kähler if and only if the determinant of the self-dual Weyl curvature is positive.
We consider local geometry of sub-pseudo-Riemannian structures on contact manifolds. We construct fundamental invariants of the structures and show that the structures give rise to Einstein-Weyl geometries in dimension 3, provided that certain additional conditions are satisfied.
The very definition of an Einstein metric implies that all its geometry is encoded in the Weyl tensor. With this in mind, in this paper we derive higher-order Bochner type formulas for the Weyl tensor on a four dimensional Einstein manifold. In particular, we prove a second Bochner type formula which, formally, extends to the covariant derivative level the classical one for the Weyl tensor obtained by Derdzinski in 1983. As a consequence, we deduce some integral identities involving the Weyl tensor and its derivatives on a compact four dimensional Einstein manifold.
In this paper we consider an Einstein-type equation which generalizes important geometric equations, like static and critical point equations. We prove that a complete Einstein-type manifold with fourth-order divergence-free Weyl tensor and zero radial Weyl curvature is locally a warped product with $(n-1)$-dimensional Einstein fibers, provided that the potential function is proper. As a consequence, we prove a result about the nonexistence of multiple black holes in static spacetimes.
We prove that a $4$-dimensional simply connected, compact critical metric of the volume functional with harmonic anti-self dual Weyl tensor and boundary isometric to a standard sphere $\mathbb{S}^{3}$ is isometric to a geodesic ball in a simply connected space form $\mathbb{R}^{4}$, $\mathbb{H}^{4}$ or $\mathbb{S}^{4}.$
The aim of this paper is to study complete (noncompact) steady $m$-quasi-Einstein manifolds satisfying a fourth-order vanishing condition on the Weyl tensor. In this case, we are able to prove that a steady $m$-quasi-Einstein manifold ($m>1$) on a simply connected $n$-dimensional manifold $(M^{n},g)$, $(n\geq4),$ with nonnegative Ricci curvature and zero radial Weyl curvature must be a warped product with $(n-1)-$dimensional Einstein fiber, provided that $M$ has fourth order divergence-free Weyl tensor (i.e., ${\rm div}^{4}W=0$).
We give some rigidity theorems for an n$(\geq4)$-dimensional compact Riemannian manifold with harmonic Weyl curvature, positive scalar curvature and positive constant $σ_2$. Moreover, when $n=4,$ we prove that a 4-dimensional compact locally conformally flat Riemannian manifold with positive scalar curvature and positive constant $σ_2$ is isometric to a quotient of the round $\mathbb{S}^4$.
In this paper we study an analog of minimal surfaces called Weyl-minimal surfaces in conformal manifolds with a Weyl connection $(M^4,c,D)$. We show that there is an Eells-Salamon type correspondence between nonvertical $\mathcal{J}$-holomorphic curves in the weightless twistor space and branched Weyl-minimal surfaces. When $(M,c,J)$ is conformally almost-Hermitian, there is a canonical Weyl connection. We show that for the canonical Weyl connection, branched Weyl-minimal surfaces satisfy the adjunction inequality \begin{equation}\label{adj} χ(T_fΣ)+χ(N_fΣ) \le \pm c_1(f^*T^{(1,0)}M). \end{equ…
In this paper, we prove rigidity results on gradient shrinking Ricci solitons with weakly harmonic Weyl curvature tensors. Let $(M^n, g)$ be a compact gradient shrinking Ricci soliton satisfying ${\rm Ric}_g + Ddf = ρg$ with $ρ>0$ constant. We show that if $(M,g)$ satisfies $δ\mathcal W (\cdot, \cdot, \nabla f) = 0$, then $(M, g)$ is Einstein. Here $\mathcal W$ denotes the Weyl curvature tensor. In the case of noncompact, if $M$ is complete and satisfies the same condition, then $M$ is rigid in the sense that $M$ is given by a quotient of product of an Einstein manifold with Euclidean space. T…
Starting from a real analytic conformal Cartan connection on a real analytic surface $S$, we construct a complex surface $T$ containing a family of pairs of projective lines. Using the structure on $S$ we also construct a complex $3$-space $Z$, such that $Z$ is a twistor space of a self-dual conformal $4$-fold and $T$ is a quotient of $Z$ by a holomorphic local $\mathbb{C}^*$ action. We prove that $T$ is a minitwistor space of an asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein-Weyl space with $S$ as an asymptotic boundary.
One of the main aims of this article is to give the complete classification of critical metrics of the volume functional on a compact manifold $M$ with boundary $\partial M$ and with harmonic Weyl tensor, which improves the corresponding classification for complete locally conformally flat case, due to Miao and Tam [18]. In particular, we prove that a critical metric with harmonic Weyl tensor on a simply connected compact manifold with boundary isometric to a standard sphere $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}$ must be isometric to a geodesic ball in a simply connected space form $\Bbb{R}^n,$ $\Bbb{H}^n$ and $\…
Peng Wu recently announced a beautiful characterization of conformally Kaehler, Einstein metrics of positive scalar curvature on compact oriented 4-manifolds via the condition det (W^+) > 0. In this note, we buttress his claim by providing an entirely different proof of his result. We then present further consequences of our method, which builds on techniques previously developed in (LeBrun 2015).
We prove that a four-dimensional gradient shrinking Ricci soliton with $δW^{\pm}=0$ is either Einstein, or a finite quotient of $S^3\times\mathbb{R}$, $S^2\times\mathbb{R}^2$ or $\mathbb{R}^4$. We also prove that a four-dimensional cscK gradient Ricci soliton is either Kähler-Einstein, or a finite quotient of $M\times\mathbb{C}$, where $M$ is a Riemann surface. The main arguments are curvature decompositions, the Weitzenböck formula for half Weyl curvature, and the maximum principle.
An affine hypersurface (AH) structure is a pair comprising a conformal structure and a projective structure such that for any torsion-free connection representing the projective structure the completely trace-free part of the covariant derivative of any metric representing the conformal structure is completely symmetric. AH structures simultaneously generalize Weyl structures and abstract the geometric structure determined on a non-degenerate co-oriented hypersurface in flat affine space by its second fundamental form together with either the projective structure induced by the affine normal o…
We investigate which three dimensional near-horizon metrics $g_{NH}$ admit a compatible 1-form $X$ such that $(X, [g_{NH}])$ defines an Einstein-Weyl structure. We find explicit examples and see that some of the solutions give rise to Einstein-Weyl structures of dispersionless KP type and dispersionless Hirota (aka hyperCR) type.
On four-dimensional closed manifolds we introduce a class of canonical Riemannian metrics, that we call weak harmonic Weyl metrics, defined as critical points in the conformal class of a quadratic functional involving the norm of the divergence of the Weyl tensor. This class includes Einstein and, more in general, harmonic Weyl manifolds. We prove that every closed four-manifold admits a weak harmonic Weyl metric, which is the unique (up to dilations) minimizer of the functional in a suitable conformal class. In general the problem is degenerate elliptic due to possible vanishing of the Weyl t…
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the Schouten-Weyl tensor on the three-dimensional Lie groups with left-invariant Lorenzian metrics. The left-invariant Lorentzian metrics on the three-dimensional Lie groups with squared length zero Schouten-Weyl tensor are studied. Moreover, the three-dimensional metric Lie groups with almost harmonic (i.e. with zero curl and divergence) Schouten-Weyl tensor are investigated. In addition, the question about the harmonicity of contraction of the Schouten-Weyl tensor is considered.
There are described equations for a pair comprising a Riemannian metric and a Killing field on a surface that contain as special cases the Einstein Weyl equations (in the sense of D. Calderbank) and a real version of a special case of the Abelian vortex equations, and it is shown that the property that a metric solve these equations is preserved by the Ricci flow. The equations are solved explicitly, and among the metrics obtained are all steady gradient Ricci solitons (e.g. the the cigar soliton) and the sausage metric; there are found other examples of eternal, ancient, and immortal Ricci fl…
We study a characterization of 4-dimensional (not necessarily complete) gradient Ricci solitons $(M, g, f)$ which have harmonic Weyl curvature, i.e. $δW=0$. Roughly speaking, we prove that the soliton metric $g$ is locally isometric to one of the following four types: an Einstein metric, the product $ \mathbb{R}^2 \times N_λ$ of the Euclidean metric and a 2-d Riemannian manifold of constant curvature $λ \neq 0$, a certain singular metric and a locally conformally flat metric. The method here is motivated by Cao-Chen's works \cite{CC1, CC2} and Derdziński's study on Codazzi tensors \cite{De}. C…
Motivated by the study of Weyl structures on conformal manifolds admitting parallel weightless forms, we define the notion of conformal product of conformal structures and study its basic properties. We obtain a classification of Weyl manifolds carrying parallel forms, and we use it to investigate the holonomy of the adapted Weyl connection on conformal products. As an application we describe a new class of Einstein-Weyl manifolds of dimension 4.
We characterize Lorentzian three-dimensional hyper-CR Einstein-Weyl structures in terms of invariants of the associated third order ordinary differential equations.
We establish a regularity theorem for the Harmonic - Einstein Equation. As a byproduct of the local regularity, we also have a compactness theorem on Harmonic - Einstein equation. The method is mainly the Moser iteration technique which has been used and developed by \cite{BKN89}, \cite{Tian90}, \cite{TV05a} and others.
If a smooth compact 4-manifold M admits a Kaehler-Einstein metric g of positive scalar curvature, Gursky showed that its conformal class [g] is an absolute minimizer of the Weyl functional among all conformal classes with positive Yamabe constant. Here we prove that, with the same hypotheses, [g] also minimizes of the Weyl functional on a different open set of conformal classes, most of which have negative Yamabe constant. An analogous minimization result is then proved for Einstein metrics g which are Hermitian, but not Kaehler.
In this paper, we study the regularity of asymptotically hyperbolic metrics with Einstein condition near boundary and Weyl curvature smooth enough in arbitrary dimension. Following Michael Anderson's method, we show that $C^{m,α}$ conformally compact Riemannian metrics with Einstein equation vanishing to finite order near boundary have conformal compactifications that are $C^{m+2,α}$ up to the boundary when Weyl curvature is in $C^{m,α}$ and the boundary metric is in $C^{m+2,α}$ where $m\geq 3.$
In this article, we give a survey of Geometric Invariant Theory for Toric Varieties, and present an application to the Einstein-Weyl Geometry. We compute the image of the Minitwistor space of the Honda metrics as a categorical quotient according to the most efficient linearization. The result is the complex weighted projective space CP_(1,1,2). We also find and classify all possible quotients.
Einstein-Weyl structures on a three-dimensional manifold $M$ is given by a system $E$ of PDEs on sections of a bundle over $M$. This system is invariant under the Lie pseudogroup $G$ of local diffeomorphisms on $M$. Two Einstein-Weyl structures are locally equivalent if there exists a local diffeomorphism taking one to the other. Our goal is to describe the quotient equation $E/G$ whose solutions correspond to nonequivalent Einstein-Weyl structures. The approach uses symmetries of the Manakov-Santini integrable system and the action of the corresponding Lie pseudogroup.
