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arXiv 1503.00229quant-ph
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相对论量子粒子的Gouy相

Gouy Phase for Relativistic Quantum Particles

Robert J. Ducharme, Irismar Gonçalves da Paz

摘要:

最近用聚焦的非相对论电子涡旋束观察到了Gouy旋转。如果涡旋光束中的电子非常快,我们必须考虑相对论效应,以完整地描述它们上的古伊相位。本文给出了粒子束Klein-Gordon方程的厄米-高斯精确解,明确了粒子束焦点的4-坐标位置。这些是考虑到粒子的静止质量而修改了相位因子的贝特曼-希里昂解。他们使一个相对论的表达古伊阶段被确定。实际上证明了所有解在洛伦兹变换下都是形式不变的。为了使精确解与薛定谔方程的精确解相对应,光束中任意点与焦点之间的相对时间必须被约束为相对空间坐标的特定函数。

英文摘要:

Recently Gouy rotation was observed with focused non-relativistic electron vortex beams. If the electrons in vortex beams are very fast we have to take into account relativistic effects to completely describe the Gouy phase on them. Exact Hermite-Gaussian solutions to the Klein-Gordon equation for particle beams are obtained here that make explicit the 4-position of the focal point of the beam. These are Bateman-Hillion solutions with modified phase factors to take into account the rest mass of the particles. They enable a relativistic expression for the Gouy phase to be determined. It is in fact shown all the solutions are form invariant under Lorentz transformations. It is further shown for the exact solutions to correspond to those of the Schrödinger equation the relative time between the focal point and any point in the beam must be constrained to be a specific function of the relative spatial coordinates.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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