自旋粒子的非相对论性经典力学

Recent progress on the description of relativistic spin: vector model of spinning particle and rotating body with gravimagnetic moment in General Relativity

We review the recent results on development of vector models of spin and apply them to study the influence of spin-field interaction on the trajectory and precession of a spinning particle in external gravitational and electromagnetic fields. The formalism is developed starting from the Lagrangian variational problem, which implies both equations of motion and constraints which should be presented in a model of spinning particle. We present a detailed analysis of the resulting theory and show that it has reasonable properties on both classical and quantum level. We describe a number of applica…

旋量粒子。质量和自旋分别固定的相对论动力系统运动的不确定性

Spinor particle. An indeterminacy in the motion of relativistic dynamical systems with separately fixed mass and spin

我们给出了一个论点，一类广泛的几何模型的自旋相对论粒子与卡西米尔质量和自旋分别为固定参数，有不确定的世界线（而其他自旋粒子有明确的世界线）。这一悖论表明，为了对自旋粒子进行一致的描述，应该使用比世界线概念更一般的东西。作为一个特殊的情况下，我们研究了在拉格朗日水平的柯西问题的旋量粒子，然后，在约束哈密顿水平，我们推广我们的结果到其他粒子。

自陷自旋-定常Madelung流体的热力学模拟

Thermodynamics analogue for self-trapped spinning-stationary Madelung fluid

我们讨论二维Madelung流体动力学，其无旋情况简化为自由单粒子的薛定谔方程。我们证明了前文中所报道的自陷自旋-定常Madelung流体可以类比地被确定为一个平衡热力学系统。这是通过将马德隆密度上的Shannon熵和正文中定义的内能分别与平衡态热力学系统的热熵和热内能对应来实现的。这使我们确定一个马德隆流体模拟的热温度在消失值的固定的马德隆流体将不再旋转，等于量子力学基态的粒子被困在一个圆柱形管的外部潜力。

Relativistic Spin-Orbit Interactions of Photons and Electrons

Laboratory optics, typically dealing with monochromatic light beams in a single reference frame, exhibits numerous spin-orbit interaction phenomena due to the coupling between the spin and orbital degrees of freedom of light. Similar phenomena appear for electrons and other spinning particles. Here we examine transformations of paraxial photon and relativistic-electron states carrying the spin and orbital angular momenta (AM) under the Lorentz boosts between different reference frames. We show that transverse boosts inevitably produce a rather nontrivial conversion from spin to orbital AM. The…

自旋为1/2粒子的相对论量子运动定律

The Relativistic Quantum Law of motion for a Particle with Spin 1/2

本文介绍了自旋为1 2的粒子在一维空间中运动的量子力学确定性方法。提出了自旋粒子的拉格朗日量（$s ={1 \over 2} $），并推导出与粒子速度相关的共轭动量的表达式。

Spinning particles, coadjoint orbits and Hamiltonian formalism

The extensive analysis of the dynamics of relativistic spinning particles is presented. Using the coadjoint orbits method the Hamiltonian dynamics is explicitly described. The main technical tool is the factorization of general Lorentz transformation into pure boost and rotation. The equivalent constrained dynamics on Poincare group (viewed as configuration space) is derived and complete classification of constraints is performed. It is shown that the first class constraints generate local symmetry corresponding to the stability subgroup of some point on coadjoint orbit. The Dirac brackets for…

引力、超引力和低能弦论对自旋粒子结构的解释

Structure of Spinning Particle Suggested by Gravity, Supergravity and Low Energy String Theory

考虑了低能弦论的旋转Kerr-Newman（黑洞）解、超Kerr-Newman解和Kerr-Sen解所提出的自旋粒子结构。克尔自旋粒子的主要特点进行了讨论：扭曲的主零汇，奇异环和克尔源代表一个旋转的相对论盘的康普顿大小的涡旋。在实Kerr几何和复Kerr几何中可以发现一些弦结构。低能弦论预言在这个圆盘的尖锐边界上存在一个杂化弦。最近得到的Kerr-Newman解的超推广表明存在额外的轴奇异线和集中在这些奇异点附近的费米行波。我们简要地讨论了这些预测的实验测试的可能性。