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arXiv 1111.5951nlin.CDcond-mat.stat-mech
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粗糙硬盘系统的正交与协变李雅普诺夫向量

Orthogonal versus covariant Lyapunov vectors for rough hard disk systems

Hadrien Bosetti, Harald A. Posch

摘要:

双曲动力系统的切空间到协变子空间的Oseledec分裂是通过计算协变李雅普诺夫向量的完整集合来数值实现的。本文分析了平面粗糙硬盘系统(RHDS)的协变李雅普诺夫向量、正交Gram-Schmidt向量以及相应的局部(时间相关)李雅普诺夫指数。这些结果进行了比较,为一个光滑的硬盘系统(SHDS)的各自的结果。我们发现圆盘的旋转对切空间的Oseledec分裂和切空间的结构有很大的影响。对于光滑和粗糙的硬盘,稳定,不稳定和中心流形是横向的彼此,虽然RHDS的不稳定和稳定流形之间的最小角度通常是非常小的。这两个系统都是双曲线的。然而,中心流形仅在光滑粒子的情况下与切空间的其余部分精确正交,而在粗糙圆盘的情况下则不然。我们还证明了旋转破坏了粗糙硬盘系统的哈密顿性质。

英文摘要:

The Oseledec splitting of the tangent space into covariant subspaces for a hyperbolic dynamical system is numerically accessible by computing the full set of covariant Lyapunov vectors. In this paper, the covariant Lyapunov vectors, the orthogonal Gram-Schmidt vectors, and the corresponding local (time-dependent) Lyapunov exponents, are analyzed for a planar system of rough hard disks (RHDS). These results are compared to respective results for a smooth-hard-disk system (SHDS). We find that the rotation of the disks deeply affects the Oseledec splitting and the structure of the tangent space. For both the smooth and rough hard disks, the stable, unstable and central manifolds are transverse to each other, although the minimal angle between the unstable and stable manifolds of the RHDS typically is very small. Both systems are hyperbolic. However, the central manifold is precisely orthogonal to the rest of the tangent space only for the smooth-particle case and not for the rough disks. We also demonstrate that the rotations destroy the Hamiltonian character for the rough-hard-disk system.

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