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arXiv 1004.4473nlin.CDcond-mat.stat-mech
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热平衡内外简单粒子模型的时间反演对称性和协变李雅普诺夫向量

Time-reversed symmetry and covariant Lyapunov vectors for simple particle models in and out of thermal equilibrium

Hadrien Bosetti, Harald A. Posch, Christoph Dellago, William G. Hoover

摘要:

最近,一种新的算法的协变李雅普诺夫向量和相应的本地李雅普诺夫指数的计算已经成为可用。在这里,我们研究了一些简单的模型,包括一个谐振子耦合到一个热梯度与两级恒温器,这使得系统遍历和完全时间可逆的这些仍然不熟悉的量的属性。我们明确地展示了时间反演不变性如何影响切空间中的扰动向量和相关的局部李雅普诺夫指数。我们还发现,当地的协变指数沿横向的相流的方向不连续地变化。

英文摘要:

Recently, a new algorithm for the computation of covariant Lyapunov vectors and of corresponding local Lyapunov exponents has become available. Here we study the properties of these still unfamiliar quantities for a number of simple models, including an harmonic oscillator coupled to a thermal gradient with a two-stage thermostat, which leaves the system ergodic and fully time reversible. We explicitly demonstrate how time-reversal invariance affects the perturbation vectors in tangent space and the associated local Lyapunov exponents. We also find that the local covariant exponents vary discontinuously along directions transverse to the phase flow.

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