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arXiv 1102.3961astro-ph.SR
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太阳黑子复合体的日震学研究

Investigation of a Sunspot Complex by Helioseismology

A. G. Kosovichev, T. L. Duvall

摘要:

太阳黑子区域经常形成活动复合体,可能存在几个太阳旋转,并代表太阳磁场活动的主要组成部分。有人认为,活动区在空间和时间上的接近可能与共同的地下根或活动“巢穴”有关。EUV图像显示,活动区域在日冕中是磁性连接的,但尚未建立地下连接。我们调查的地下结构和动态的一个大型复杂的活动,NOAA 10987-10989,在SOHO/MDI动态运行在2008年3月至4月,这是整个日光层间隔(WHI)运动的一部分。在这个复杂的活动区出现在一个狭窄的纬度范围内,可能代表一个地下环形通量管。我们使用MDI的全磁盘多普勒测量扰动的声波旅行时间的不同深度,通过使用时距日震学,并获得声速和流量地图的旅行时间反演。地下水流图显示了一个有趣的动态衰减的活动区域与持续的剪切流,这可能是重要的驱动耀斑和CME活动,在WHI活动期间观察到。我们的分析,包括地震声速反演结果和深源走时异常的分布,给出了磁结构的发散根的指示,正如可以从$Ω$环结构中预期的那样。然而,在0-48毫米的深度范围内,在这个复杂的活动中的三个活动区之间没有明确的联系。

英文摘要:

Sunspot regions often form complexes of activity that may live for several solar rotations, and represent a major component of the Sun's magnetic activity. It had been suggested that the close appearance of active regions in space and time might be related to common subsurface roots, or "nests" of activity. EUV images show that the active regions are magnetically connected in the corona, but subsurface connections have not been established. We investigate the subsurface structure and dynamics of a large complex of activity, NOAA 10987-10989, observed during the SOHO/MDI Dynamics run in March-April 2008, which was a part of the Whole Heliospheric Interval (WHI) campaign. The active regions in this complex appeared in a narrow latitudinal range, probably representing a subsurface toroidal flux tube. We use the MDI full-disk Dopplergrams to measure perturbations of travel times of acoustic waves traveling to various depths by using time-distance helioseismology, and obtain sound-speed and flow maps by inversion of the travel times. The subsurface flow maps show an interesting dynamics of decaying active regions with persistent shearing flows, which may be important for driving the flaring and CME activity, observed during the WHI campaign. Our analysis, including the seismic sound-speed inversion results and the distribution of deep-focus travel-time anomalies, gave indications of diverging roots of the magnetic structures, as could be expected from $Ω$-loop structures. However, no clear connection in the depth range of 0-48 Mm among the three active regions in this complex of activity was detected.

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