时距局部日震学中的单侧弧平均几何学
One-sided arc averaging geometries in time-distance local helioseismology
摘要：
太阳振荡的研究（日震学）一直是研究太阳的一个非常成功的方法。日震学告诉我们太阳的结构和平均性质。与中等分辨率的数据一起，在安静的太阳区域发现了当地的属性。然而，磁场影响振荡，并阻止我们用日震学研究磁活动区的性质。我们的目标是建立一种新的方法来抑制磁场对太阳振荡的负面影响，并测量活动区域附近的等离子体特性。该方法包括新的平均几何形状，一个非线性的方法来测量旅行时间，和一致的反演方法，结合等离子体流和声速扰动。我们构造了单侧弧平均几何，并将其应用于走时测量的非线性方法。利用单侧弧走时，我们重建了宁静太阳区域的环带走时。我们测试的方法对验证日震反演管道。我们采用了新的方法反演的表面水平流在一个区域的圆形H型太阳黑子。反演的表面水平流与相干结构跟踪的输出相当，相干结构跟踪不受磁场存在的强烈影响。我们表明，新的方法抑制了磁场的负面影响，外部半影。我们测量发散流的性能可比的护城河流。新的方法学可以告诉我们活动区的深度结构和有助于活动区演化的物理条件。
英文摘要：
The study of solar oscillations (helioseismology) has been a very successful method of researching the Sun. Helioseismology teaches us about the structure and mean properties of the Sun. Together with mid-resolution data, the local properties were uncovered in quiet-Sun regions. However, magnetic fields affect the oscillations and prevent us from studying the properties of magnetically active regions with helioseismology. We aim to create a new methodology to suppress the negative effects of magnetic fields on solar oscillations and measure plasma properties close to active regions. The methodology consists of new averaging geometries, a non-linear approach to travel-time measurements, and a consistent inversion method that combines plasma flows and sound-speed perturbations. We constructed the one-sided arc averaging geometries and applied them to the non-linear approach of travel-time measurements. Using the one-sided arc travel times, we reconstructed the annulus travel times in a quiet-Sun region. We tested the methodology against the validated helioseismic inversion pipeline. We applied the new methodology for an inversion for surface horizontal flows in a region with a circular H-type sunspot. The inverted surface horizontal flows are comparable with the output of the coherent structure tracking, which is not strongly affected by the presence of the magnetic field. We show that the new methodology suppresses the negative effects of magnetic fields up to outer penumbra. We measure divergent flows with properties comparable to the moat flow. The new methodology can teach us about the depth structure of active regions and physical conditions that contribute to the evolution of the active regions.
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